中药复方的现代基础研究进展述评

中药复方的现代基础研究是中药现代化发展的必经之路。本文从中药复杂作用模式解析研究策略与方法、中药直接靶点发现技术与应用、系统生物学驱动的中药复杂作用解析三个方面,对中药复方的现代基础研究进行综述,并对其未来发展进行展望。

Persistent mixing bursts in the equatorial Pacific thermocline induced by persistent equatorial waves

A recent study by Liu et al.(2020)suggested that due to the saturation of equatorially trapped planetary waves with different dynamical types,temporal periods,meridional and baroclinic modes,complex layer structures of vertical velocity shear and hence turbulent mixing could frequently occur in the thermocline of the eastern equatorial Pacific.We investigated the occurrence of the interior turbulent mixing as indicated by shear instabilities,above the Equatorial Undercurrent(EUC)core at three equatorial sites along 140°W,170°W,and 165°E,respectively,based mainly on data from the Tropical Atmosphere and Ocean(TAO)mooring array.We found that turbulent mixing bursts persisted in the thermocline of all three sites.Specifically,the interior turbulent mixing layers(ITMLs)could occur in probability of approximately 68%,53%,and 48%at the three sites,respectively.The overall occurrence probability shows obvious and similar biannual variations at 140°W and 170°W,which is higher in boreal from late summer to winter and lower in spring.Vertically,the ITMLs are primarily located above the EUC core and prevail in deeper(shallower)layers from late summer to winter(spring).Most ITMLs(70%)lasted for hours to 3 days,and a few of them(15%)for more than 7 days.The thicknesses of ITMLs were concentrated between 15 and 55 m.At 165°E,the vertical distribution of ITML occurrence probability was different from that at 140°W and 170°W,as it did not show a preference for depths;the durations of ITMLs are short(also from hours to several days)and their thicknesses were between 5 and 25 m.These properties,particularly the high occurrence probability,and short durations demonstrated the persistence of thermocline mixing in the western to eastern equatorial Pacific thermocline and confirmed the generation mechanism by persistent equatorial waves as well.

Anti-infective immune functions of type Ⅳ interferon in grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella):A novel antibacterial and antiviral interferon in lower vertebrates

Type Ⅳ interferon(IFN-υ)is a recently discovered cytokine crucial for host defense against viral infections.However,the role and mechanisms of IFN-υin bacterial infections remain unexplored.This study investigated the antibacterial and antiviral functions and mechanisms of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)IFN-υ(CiIFN-υ)both in vivo and in vitro.The CiIFN-υgene was first identified and characterized in grass carp.Subsequently,the immune expression of CiIFN-υsignificantly increased following bacterial challenge,indicating its response to bacterial infections.The eukaryotic recombinant expression plasmid of CiIFN-υwas then constructed and transfected into fathead minnow(FHM)cells.Supernatants were collected and incubated with four bacterial strains,followed by plate spreading and colony counting.Results indicated that CiIFN-υexhibited more potent antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria compared to gram-positive bacteria and aggregated gram-negative bacteria but not gram-positive bacteria.In vivo experiments further confirmed the antibacterial function,showing high survival rates,low tissue edema and damage,reduced tissue bacterial load,and elevated proinflammatory response at the early stages of bacterial infection.In addition,the antiviral function of CiIFN-υwas confirmed through in vitro and in vivo experiments,including crystal violet staining,survival rates,tissue viral burden,and reverse transcription-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR).This study highlights the antibacterial function and preliminary mechanism of IFN-υ,demonstrating that IFN-υpossesses dual functions against bacterial and viral infections.

基于CiteSpace的国内地震应急避难场所研究述评

根据CNKI数据统计分析国内地震应急避难场所研究的文献分布,再基于CiteSpace对该部分文献数据的主要研究机构、领域分布与研究热点进行分析。分析结果表明:近22年来国内地震应急避难场所研究领域总体结构上受地震灾害驱动较为突出,学术关注度持续稳步提升,但相关研究机构分布区域的发展相对不均衡;研究主题集中于城市防震减灾规划建设、应急管理体系以及应急能力与评估等方面,目前不同学科领域之间的合作较少,跨学科的综合性研究趋势尚未形成,多学科研究方法融合的大数据分析还有待提升。

Recent advances in the nanoconfinement of Mg-related hydrogen storage materials:A minor review

Hydrogen is an ideal clean energy because of its high calorific value and abundance of sources.However,storing hydrogen in a compact,inexpensive,and safe manner is the main restriction on the extensive utilization of hydrogen energy.Magnesium(Mg)-based hydrogen storage material is considered a reliable solid hydrogen storage material with the advantages of high hydrogen storage capacity(7.6wt%),good performance,and low cost.However,the high thermodynamic stability and slow kinetics of Mg-based hydrogen storage materials have to be overcome.In this paper,we will review the recent advances in the nanoconfinement of Mg-related hydrogen storage materials by loading Mg particles on different supporting materials,including carbons,metal-organic frameworks,and other materials.Perspectives are also provided for designing high-performance Mg-based materials using nanoconfinement.

Introducing oxygen vacancies in TiO_(2) lattice through trivalent iron to enhance the photocatalytic removal of indoor NO

The synthesis of oxygen vacancies(OVs)-modified TiO_(2)under mild conditions is attractive.In this work,OVs were easily introduced in TiO_(2)lattice during the hydrothermal doping process of trivalent iron ions.Theoretical calculations based on a novel charge-compensation structure model were employed with experimental methods to reveal the intrinsic photocatalytic mechanism of Fe-doped TiO_(2)(Fe-TiO_(2)).The OVs formation energy in Fe-TiO_(2)(1.12 eV)was only 23.6%of that in TiO_(2)(4.74 eV),explaining why Fe^(3+)doping could introduce OVs in the TiO_(2)lattice.The calculation results also indicated that impurity states introduced by Fe^(3+)and OVs enhanced the light absorption activity of TiO_(2).Additionally,charge carrier transport was investigated through the carrier lifetime and relative mass.The carrier lifetime of Fe-TiO_(2)(4.00,4.10,and 3.34 ns for 1at%,2at%,and 3at%doping contents,respectively)was longer than that of undoped TiO_(2)(3.22 ns),indicating that Fe^(3+) and OVs could promote charge carrier separation,which can be attributed to the larger relative effective mass of electrons and holes.Herein,Fe-TiO_(2)has higher photocatalytic indoor NO removal activity compared with other photocatalysts because it has strong light absorption activity and high carrier separation efficiency.

Epipelagic mesozooplankton communities in the northeastern Indian Ocean off Myanmar during the winter monsoon

The northern Andaman Sea off Myanmar is one of the relatively high productive regions in the Indian Ocean.The abundance,biomass and species composition of mesozooplankton and their relationships with environmental variables in the epipelagic zone(~200 m)were studied for the first time during the Sino-Myanmar joint cruise(February 2020).The mean abundance and biomass of mesozooplankton were(1916.7±1192.9)ind./m3and(17.8±7.9)mg/m3,respectively.A total of 213 species(taxa)were identified from all samples.The omnivorous Cyclopoida Oncaea venusta and Oithona spp.were the top two dominant taxa.Three mesozooplankton communities were determined via cluster analysis:the open ocean in the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal(Group A),the transition zone across the Preparis Channel(Group B),and nearshore water off the Ayeyarwady Delta and along the Tanintharyi Coast(Group C).Variation partitioning analysis revealed that the interaction of physical and biological factors explained 98.8%of mesozooplankton community spatial variation,and redundancy analysis revealed that column mean chlorophyll a concentration(CMCHLA)was the most important explanatory variable(43.1%).The abundance and biomass were significantly higher in Group C,the same as CMCHLA and column mean temperature(CMT)and in contrast to salinity,and CMT was the dominant factor.Significant taxon spatial variations were controlled by CMCHLA,salinity and temperature.This study suggested that mesozooplankton spatial variation was mainly regulated by physical processes through their effects on CMCHLA.The physical processes were simultaneously affected by heat loss differences,freshwater influx,eddies and depth.

Mechanism of high-concentration electrolyte inhibiting the destructive effect of Mn(Ⅱ)on the performance of lithium-ion batteries

By optimizing electrolyte formulation to inhibit the deposition of transition metal ions(TMIs) on the surface of the graphite anode is an effective way to improve the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries.At present,it is generally believed the formation of an effective interfacial film on the surface of the anode electrode is the leading factor in reducing the dissolution of TMIs and prevent TMIs from being embedded in the electrode.It ignores the influence of the solvation structures in the electrolyte system with different composition,and is not conducive to the design of the electrolyte formulation from the perspective of changing the concentration and the preferred solvent to inhibit the degradation of battery performance caused by TMIs deposition.In this work,by analyzing the special solvation structures of the high-concentra tion electrolyte,we study the main reason why high-concentration electrolyte inhibits the destructive effect of Mn(Ⅱ) on the electrochemical performance of LIBs.By combining the potentialresolved in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technology(PRIs-EIS) and density functional theory(DFT) calculation,we find that Mn(Ⅱ) mainly exists in the form of contact ions pairs(CIPs) and aggregates(AGGs) in high-concentration electrolyte.These solvation structures can reduce the destructive effect of Mn(Ⅱ) on battery performance from two aspects:on the one hand,it can rise the lowest unoccupied orbital(LUMO) value of the solvation structures of Mn(Ⅱ),thereby reducing the chance of its reduction;on the other hand,the decrease of Mn2+ions reduction can reduce the deposition of metallic manganese in the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI),thereby avoiding the continuous growth of the SEI.This study can be provided inspiration for the design of electrolytes to inhibit the destructive effect of TMls on LIBs.

Recent Advances of Electrocatalyst and Cell Design for Hydrogen Peroxide Production

Electrochemical synthesis of H_(2)O_(2) via a selective two-electron oxygen reduction reaction has emerged as an attractive alternative to the current energy-consuming anthraquinone process. Herein, the progress on electrocatalysts for H_(2)O_(2) generation, including noble metal, transition metalbased, and carbon-based materials, is summarized. At first, the design strategies employed to obtain electrocatalysts with high electroactivity and high selectivity are highlighted. Then, the critical roles of the geometry of the electrodes and the type of reactor in striking a balance to boost the H_(2)O_(2) selectivity and reaction rate are systematically discussed. After that, a potential strategy to combine the complementary properties of the catalysts and the reactor for optimal selectivity and overall yield is illustrated. Finally, the remaining challenges and promising opportunities for highefficient H_(2)O_(2) electrochemical production are highlighted for future studies.

Analysis of differentially expressed genes in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus under heat stress

The sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus plays important roles in marine benthic ecosystem as environmental cleaners,and it is the important aquaculture species in China.High water temperature poses critical threat for the survival of A.japonicus,which has resulted in extensive death in summer.To explore the genes expression profiles under different levels of heat stress,the high-throughput RNA-seq was applied in this study.Our results revealed a total of 1371,1225 and 1408 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in 26℃for 6 h,26℃for 48 h and 30℃for 6 h respectively in comparison with Control group.The pathway analysis suggested“Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum(ER)”was significantly enriched in all these heat stress(HS)treatment groups.The expression results of key DEGs in this pathway(Hsp70,Derlin,NEF,PDI,GPR94 and ERP57)by qRT-PCR was in accordance with the RNA-seq data.The subcluster analysis of DEGs revealed that a variety of heat shock proteins(HSPs)and calcium ion binding proteins had an obvious up-regulated expression in 26℃for 6 h,comparatively low expression in 26℃for 48 h,and the highest expression in 30℃for 6 h.The other DEGs subcluster,consisting of critical components of extracellular matrix(ECM)and a subset of peptidases and proteases,showed significantly rising tendency in 30℃for 6 h.Additionally,the expression of matrix metalloproteases(MMP1,MMP16 and MMP19)was prominently affected by HS,and peaked in 30℃for 6 h.This study provides a series of candidate genes for further study about heat shock response in A.japonicus,especially genes associated with protein processing in ER and regulation of ECM,which also offers new insights into cellular homeostasis under stressful conditions in marine invertebrates.

人肺腺癌辐射耐受细胞株的建立及其放射抵抗机制探讨

背景与目的 放疗是肺癌最常见的治疗方法之一,40%-50%的患者在放疗后会出现局部肿瘤未控或复发,放射抵抗是导致肺癌局部控制失败的重要原因。然而,体外放疗抵抗模型的缺乏是阻碍其机制研究的主要因素。因此,本研究旨在通过建立人肺腺癌H1975和H1299辐射耐受细胞株,为未来开展肺癌放射抵抗相关性研究创建体外模型,并初步探索其放射抵抗机制。方法 对H1975和H1299细胞进行等剂量的X射线分次照射,构建辐射耐受细胞株H1975DR和H1299DR;采用克隆形成实验比较H1975和H1975DR细胞、H1299和H1299DR细胞的克隆形成能力,线性二次模型拟合细胞存活分数曲线;DNA损伤修复能力的检测采用彗星实验,并计算DNA尾部百分比(Tail DNA%);利用光学显微镜、CCK-8、FACS、细胞划痕和侵袭等方法比较细胞形态、细胞增殖能力、细胞凋亡水平和周期分布、细胞迁移和侵袭能力等生物学特性;通过Western blot免疫印迹分析DNA-PKcs、53BP1、RAD51、p-ATM等DNA损伤修复因子的表达。结果 历经5个月的照射及持续培养获得稳定的辐射耐受细胞株H1975DR和H1299DR。X射线照射下,两株辐射耐受株的细胞增殖活性、克隆形成能力、DNA损伤修复能力均显著提高;细胞周期G2期/M期比例均显著下调,G0期/G1期比例上调;细胞迁移及侵袭能力显著增强。非同源末端连接(nonhomologous end-joining, NHEJ)修复通路的p-DNA-PKcs(Ser2056)、53BP1及同源重组(homologous recombination, HR)修复通路的p-ATM(Ser1981)、D51相对蛋白表达量较H1975及H1299均有不同程度的增高。结论 通过等剂量分次照射可诱导H1975和H1299细胞株分化为肺腺癌辐射耐受细胞株H1975DR和H1299DR,为肺癌患者放疗抵抗的机制研究提供了体外细胞学模型。

Comment on: “Development of a CLDN18.2-targeting immuno-PET probe for non-invasive imaging in gastrointestinal tumors”

In the ever-evolving landscape of cancer research and treatment,the quest for novel and non-invasive imaging techniques has become crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective therapy.This study[1]successfully developed a good manufacturing practices(GMP)grade ^(89)Zr-labeled anti-Claudin18.2(CLDN18.2)recombinant humanized antibody TST001.^(89)Zr-DFO-TST001 exhibited high radiochemical purity(>99%)and specific activity(24.15±1.34 GBq/mmol).It demonstrated good specificity and rapid tumor accumulation in vivo and in vivo.Through immuno-PET imaging,it enables non-invasive visualization and quantification of CLDN18.2 expression level in CLDN18.2-positive gastrointestinal tumor models.

Application of Circulating Tumor Cells in Peripheral Blood in Judging the Prognosis of Patients with Renal Cancer and Related Indexes of Blood Coagulation

Objective: To investigate the value of the number of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in peripheral blood in the prognosis and coagulation-related indicators of patients with renal cancer. Methods: 65 patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) confirmed pathologically were divided into CTC positive group and CTC negative group according to the CTC count (5 pcs/3.5 ml). Compare the age, gender, tumor location, TNM (clinical stage), pathological grade, tissue type, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, prognosis and prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen (FIB), partial coagulation of the two groups of patients The correlation between the results of zymogen time (APTT) and D-dimer (DD) and the number of CTC. Results: There were significant differences in TNM, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis between the two groups (P < 0.05). The number of CTC in patients was correlated with FIB and D-D levels (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The number of CTC in patients with renal cell carcinoma is correlated with some clinical phenotypes (TNM, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis) and some coagulation indexes (FIB, D-D), and can jointly predict the prognosis of renal cancer.

Study on the Changes of Immune Factors in Different Stages of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Chemotherapy

Objective: To analyze various immune cytokines (NKG2D, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, DC cells, TNF-a, IFN-r) and peripheral blood of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at different times after chemotherapy. Changes in CD4+, CD8+, Th17 and IgG, IgM, and IgA levels. Methods: A total of 118 NSCLC patients who attended the Oncology Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College from September 2018 to September 2021 were selected as the research objects, and the patients were analyzed at different time points (before chemotherapy, after the first chemotherapy, and after the second chemotherapy). The effects of NKG2D, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, DC cells, TNF-A, IFN-r, CD4+, CD8+ Th17, IgG, IgM and IgA levels in peripheral blood at different time points (before chemotherapy, after the first chemotherapy and after the second chemotherapy) were analyzed. The changes of NKG2D, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, DC cells, TNF-A, IFN-r and the levels of CD4+, CD8+ Th17, IgG, IgM and IgA in peripheral blood were compared at each time point. Results: NKG2D, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, TNF-a, IFN-r gradually decreased before chemotherapy, one week after chemotherapy, and two weeks after chemotherapy, the difference was statistically significant, but DC cells were not significant Variety. CD4+ and CD8+ both increased significantly, and the levels of Th17, IgG, IgM, and IgA gradually decreased. Conclusion: In the course of chemotherapy, all immune factors except DC cells were significantly decreased compared with those before chemotherapy, and the decrease of immune factors except DC cells was positively correlated with the length of chemotherapy cycle. If additional immunotherapy is needed, it should be carried out in the early stage of chemotherapy.

Evaluating Behavioural Modelling Predictions in the Blue Shark (Prionace glauca) Enables Greater Insight on Habitat Use from Location only Argos Data

The relationship between habitat and behaviour provides important information for species management.For large,free roaming,marine animals satellite tags provide high resolution information on movement,but such datasets are restricted due to cost.Extracting additional biologically important information from these data would increase utilisation and value.Several modelling approaches have been developed to identify behavioural states in tracking data.The objective of this study was to evaluate a behavioural state prediction model for blue shark(Prionace glauca)ARGOS surface location-only data.The novel nature of the six SPLASH satellite tags used enabled behavioural events to be identified in blue shark dive data and accurately mapped spatio-temporally along respective surface location-only tracks.Behavioural states modelled along the six surface location-only tracks were then tested against observed behavioural events to evaluate the model’s accuracy.Results showed that the Behavioural Change Point Analysis(BCPA)model augmented with K means clustering analysis performed well for predicting foraging behaviour(correct 86%of the time).Prediction accuracy was lower for searching(52%)and travelling(63%)behaviour,likely related to the numerical dominance of foraging events in dive data.The model’s validation for predicting foraging behaviour justified its application to nine additional surface location-only(SPOT tag)tracks,substantially increasing the utilisation of expensive and rare data.Results enabled the critical behavioural state of foraging,to be mapped throughout the entire home range of blue sharks,allowing drivers of critical habitat to be investigated.This validation strengthens the use of such modelling to interpret historic and future datasets,for blue sharks but also other species,contributing to conservational management.

中国超越能效的发展轨迹——到2050年最大限度实现电气化和使用可再生资源对CO_2减排的影响

为了支持《巴黎协定》将全球平均气温增幅限制在1.5℃以内,在能效继续发挥主要作用的同时,中国需要采取除能效以外的其他重大行动。本研究采用自下而上的全国终端用能模型和情景分析来评估中国在不同技术选项下潜在的二氧化碳减排量。这些技术选项包括电力部门迅速脱碳、各部门最大限度地实现电气化、工业部门最大限度地利用生物质能和低温可再生热能以及建筑部门最大限度地利用太阳能采暖、制冷和水暖技术。研究结果表明,最大限度地利用非常规电力和可再生能源技术可以使中国提前至2023年达到二氧化碳排放峰值,并且在2050年前能进一步大幅减少二氧化碳排放量。除能效技术之外,最大的额外二氧化碳减排潜力来自于工业部门的化石燃料被可再生热能所替代。上述结果表明,加快非常规电力和可再生能源技术的利用,可以为中国带来额外的二氧化碳减排机遇,但仍需新的政策和策略来改变需求部门对技术的选择。

Effects of Chemotherapy on Peripheral Blood NK Cell Receptor NKG2D and Related Immune Cytokines in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Objective: To analyze the effect of chemotherapy on peripheral blood NK cell receptor NKG2D and related immune cytokines (IL-12, IL-15, IL-18) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: A total of 48 patients with NSCLC who visited the Oncology Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College from September 2018 to September 2019 were selected as the study subjects. Changes in the expression levels of NKG2D, IL-12, IL-15 and IL-18 in peripheral blood of patients at different time points (before chemotherapy, after the first chemotherapy and after the second chemotherapy) were analyzed to investigate the correlation between NKG2D and IL-12, IL-15 and IL-18 in peripheral blood at each time point. Results: The expression levels of NKG2D, IL-15, and IL-18 in the peripheral blood of the patient before chemotherapy, after the first chemotherapy, and after the second chemotherapy gradually decreased. After the first chemotherapy and the second chemotherapy, the peripheral blood IL-12 was significantly lower than before chemotherapy, and IL-12 in peripheral blood after the second chemotherapy was slightly increased compared with that after the first chemotherapy. The comparison of each factor at different time points was statistically significant (all P<span style="font-family: ">0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that after the first chemotherapy, NKG2D in peripheral blood was positively correlated with IL-18 (r = 0.342, P = 0.031);after the second chemotherapy, NKG2D in peripheral blood was positively correlated with IL-18 (r = 0.411, P = 0.023), negatively correlated with IL-15 (r = -0.451, P = 0.001). Conclusion: There was no significant change in the number of NK cells in the peripheral blood of NSCLC patients after chemotherapy, while NKG2D and related immune cytokines decreased, which may be one of the mechanisms for the suppression of immune function in patients, and this provides a potential target for immunotherapy in patients.

Effect of Chemotherapy on Immune Factors in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Objective: To analyze the effects of different stages of chemotherapy on the immune cytokines (NKG2D, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, DC cells, TNF-a, IFN-r) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: 106 patients who met the research requirements in the Department of oncology of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College from September 2018 to June 2021 were included in the study. The blood levels of interleukin-12 (IL-12), interleukin-15 (IL-15), interleukin-18 (IL-18), dendritic cells (DC cells), tumor necrosis factor A (TNF-a) and the levels of immune interferon (IFN-r) and NK cell activating receptor (NKG2D) in blood before chemotherapy, after the first chemotherapy and after the second chemotherapy were analyzed. Results: Except for the viability of DC cells and DC cells, all other immune factor groups showed statistical differences. Conclusion: Chemotherapy will have a negative effect on all immune factors except DC cells. The effect of immune factors will be weakened according to the increase of the chemotherapy cycle. Therefore, immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer needs to be carried out before chemotherapy or in the early stage of chemotherapy to achieve better results.

The Effect of Different Surgical Methods on the Number of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Peripheral Blood of Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma

Objective: The objective is to explore the effects of different surgical methods-retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (RLRN) and open radical nephrectomy (ORN) on the number of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in the peripheral blood of patients with renal cancer. Methods: The clinical data of 63 patients in the Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College who underwent radical surgery for renal cancer were divided into CTC positive group (18 cases of open surgery and 16 cases of minimally invasive surgery) and CTC negative group (14 cases of open surgery), 15 cases of minimally invasive surgery), overall group (32 cases of open surgery, 31 cases of minimally invasive surgery). Observe the changes in the number of CTC 1 week before operation and 1 week after operation. Results: In the positive group, whether it was open surgery or minimally invasive surgery, the postoperative CTC level of patients was significantly reduced (P < 0.05). In the negative group, the CTC decreased significantly after open surgery (P > 0.05), and the CTC level decreased significantly after minimally invasive surgery (P < 0.01). In the overall group, both open and minimally invasive surgery CTC decreased significantly, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The two different surgical methods can reduce the level of CTC, but compared with ORN, RLRN can significantly reduce the number of postoperative CTC. Patients in the CTC-negative group may be less suitable for open surgery. CTC levels have certain potential in the selection and guidance of treatment modes for patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Study on the Changes and Correlation of Related Immune Factors before and after Chemotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Objective: To investigate the changes of related immune cytokines (Dendritic Cells (DC) cells, CD4+, CD8+, Th17, IgG, IgM, IgA) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before and after chemotherapy. Methods: Eighty-five NSCLC patients who were treated in the Oncology Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College from December 2018 to February 2021 were selected as the research objects, and the patients were analyzed at different time points (before chemotherapy, after the first chemotherapy, and after the second chemotherapy) Changes in the expression levels of DC cells, CD4+, CD8+, Th17, IgG, IgM, IgA in peripheral blood, and explore their correlation. Results: Before chemotherapy, after the first chemotherapy, and after the second chemotherapy, the peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ were significantly increased, and the Th17, IgG, IgM, and IgA levels gradually decreased. The difference was statistically significant. But there was no obvious change in DC cells. Conclusion: There is no significant change in DC cells in peripheral blood of NSCLC patients before and after chemotherapy. CD4+ and CD8+ are significantly increased, Th17, IgG, IgM, and IgA levels are all decreased, which is a manifestation of impaired immune function of patients after chemotherapy.