拉曼光谱分析实验课“课程思政”的融合实践

以“拉曼光谱分析实验”课程为载体,围绕立德树人根本任务,通过深入挖掘课程相关的思政元素,灵活运用多种教学方式,调动学生的课堂参与感,最终使价值塑造、科学素养与实验理论知识和操作技能自然融合,增强实验课程的思政影响力。

Metabolic profiles and morphological characteristics of leaf tips among different sweet potato(Ipomoea batatas Lam.)varieties

Sweet potato leaf tips have high nutritional value,and exploring the differences in the metabolic profiles of leaf tips among different sweet potato varieties can provide information to improve their qualities.In this study,a UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap/MS-based untargeted metabolomics method was used to evaluate the metabolites in leaf tips of 32 sweet potato varieties.Three varieties with distinct overall metabolic profiles(A01,A02,and A03),two varieties with distinct profiles of phenolic acids(A20 and A18),and three varieties with distinct profiles of flavonoids(A05,A12,and A16)were identified.In addition,a total of 163 and 29 differentially expressed metabolites correlated with the color and leaf shape of sweet potato leaf tips,respectively,were identified through morphological characterization.Group comparison analysis of the phenotypic traits and a metabolite-phenotypic trait correlation analysis indicated that the color differences of sweet potato leaf tips were markedly associated with flavonoids.Also,the level of polyphenols was correlated with the leaf shape of sweet potato leaf tips,with lobed leaf types having higher levels of polyphenols than the entire leaf types.The findings on the metabolic profiles and differentially expressed metabolites associated with the morphology of sweet potato leaf tips can provide useful information for breeding sweet potato varieties with higher nutritional value.

Optimal decision-making method for equipment maintenance to enhance the resilience of power digital twin system under extreme disaster

Digital twins and the physical assets of electric power systems face the potential risk of data loss and monitoring failures owing to catastrophic events,causing surveillance and energy loss.This study aims to refine maintenance strategies for the monitoring of an electric power digital twin system post disasters.Initially,the research delineates the physical electric power system along with its digital counterpart and post-disaster restoration processes.Subsequently,it delves into communication and data processing mechanisms,specifically focusing on central data processing(CDP),communication routers(CRs),and phasor measurement units(PMUs),to re-establish an equipment recovery model based on these data transmission methodologies.Furthermore,it introduces a mathematical optimization model designed to enhance the digital twin system’s post-disaster monitoring efficacy by employing the branch-and-bound method for its resolution.The efficacy of the proposed model was corroborated by analyzing an IEEE-14 system.The findings suggest that the proposed branch-and-bound algorithm significantly augments the observational capabilities of a power system with limited resources,thereby bolstering its stability and emergency response mechanisms.

Association between the TP53 Arg72Pro Polymorphisms and Gastric Cancer Risk: An Updated Meta-Analysis and Re-Analysis of Systematic Meta-Analyses

Background: A latest Meta-analysis on TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism with gastric cancer (GC) risk was published in 2015 including 20 literatures, while our study included 43 studies. Moreover, the results of previously published original studies were inconsistent and the credibility of the significant correlation between the statistical results has been ignored. Therefore, an updated Meta-analysis was conducted to further explore these associations. Objective: To explore whether these two gene polymorphisms are related to the risk, clinical manifestations, and pathological features of GC. Methods: We searched several Chinese and English databases. The crude odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate the correlation. In addition, false positive reporting probability (FPRP), bayesian false discovery probability (BFDP), and Venice criteria were used to assess the reliability of statistically significant correlation. Results: Overall, the TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism was related to a significantly increased GC risk (AP vs. AA: OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.02 - 1.24;PP + AP vs. AA: OR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.02 - 1.24;P vs. A: OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.00 - 1.15). However, after excluding the low quality and Hardy–Weinberg Disequilibrium (HWD) studies, significant changes were found on the TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism with GC risk in Caucasians (PP vs. AA: OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.01 - 2.16) and non-gastric cancer control groups (PP vs. AP + AA: OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.07 - 1.64)). However, the above significant results were considered unreliable after being adjusted with Bayesian error detection probability (BFDP) and false positive reporting probability (FPRP). These unreliable results were confirmed again, and no new reliable results were found in the further sensitivity analysis (only studies that met the quality assessment criteria). Conclusions: After considering the quality of the study and the reliability of the results, this Meta-analysis showed that TP53 codon 72 polymorphisms had no significant correlation with GC risk. Because of various confounding factors, the result that these polymorphisms increase GC risk is more likely to be a false positive result.

An imine-linked covalent organic framework as the host material for sulfur loading in lithium–sulfur batteries

Lithium–sulfur(Li–S) batteries have high theoretical specific capacity, providing new opportunities for the next generation of secondary battery. Covalent organic framework(COF) as a new porous crystalline material has been used as the host material in Li–S battery to improve the cell's cycling stability. In this paper, an imine-linked TAPB-PDA-COF was applied as the host material for sulfur loading(60%) in Li–S battery. The TAPB-PDA-COF has a beehive-like morphology with high thermal stability(up to 500 ℃).In the electrochemical experiment, the performance of the composite cathode with acetylene black(AB) and super-P(S-P) as the conductive additives was studied individually. The initial discharge capacity under 0.2 A/g current density was 991 mAh/g and 1357 mAh/g for TAPB-PDA-COF/S@A-B and TAPB-PDACOF/S@S-P, respectively. The better result of S-P based cathode than A-B could be due to the better conductivity of the S-P, as proved by the EIS results. When further increased the current density to 2 A/g,the S-P based composite cathode can still deliver a comparable initial discharge capacity of 630 and 274 mAh/g capacity remained after 940 cycles. This results will inspire researchers develop more suitable conductive additives together with the host materials for high performance Li–S battery.

Hybrid Channel Access Mechanism Based on Coexistence Scenario of NR-Unlicensed

With the rapid development of 5G NR(New Radio),the explosive increment of traffic amount is calling the utilization of unlicensed band.3GPP has proposed LAA(Licensed Assisted Access)to use LTE in unlicensed band and pointed out that NR-U(NR-Unlicensed)can reuse most designs of it.However,the existing channel access mechanism of LAA is conservative under the coexistence scenario of NR-U,which leads to the waste of time resource.To address the problem this paper proposes a hybrid channel access mechanism to take advantage of the LBT(Listen-Before-Talk)mechanism of LAA when channel is quite busy and transmit directly with reduced power when it is relatively idle.The channel busy degree is judged by a series of periodically updated adaptive thresholds.System-level simulation verifies that under the coexistence scenario of NR-U the proposed mechanism can achieve higher UPT(User Perceived Throughput)and lower delay than other channel access mechanisms.

Model-guided design of a high performance and durability Ni nanofiber/ceria matrix solid oxide fuel cell electrode

Mixed ionic electronic conductors(MIECs)have attracted increasing attention as anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)and they hold great promise for lowering the operation temperature of SOFCs.However,there has been a lack of understanding of the performance-limiting factors and guidelines for rational design of composite metal-MIEC electrodes.Using a newly-developed approach based on 3 D-tomography and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,here for the first time we quantify the contribution of the dual-phase boundary(DPB)relative to the three-phase boundary(TPB)reaction pathway on real MIEC electrodes.A new design strategy is developed for Ni/gadolinium doped ceria(CGO)electrodes(a typical MIEC electrode)based on the quantitative analyses and a novel Ni/CGO fiber-matrix structure is proposed and fabricated by combining electrospinning and tape-casting methods using commercial powders.With only 11.5 vol%nickel,the designer Ni/CGO fiber-matrix electrode shows 32%and 67%lower polarization resistance than a nano-Ni impregnated CGO scaffold electrode and conventional cermet electrode respectively.The results in this paper demonstrate quantitatively using real electrode structures that enhancing DPB and hydrogen kinetics are more efficient strategies to enhance electrode performance than simply increasing TPB.

Prognostic Value of Semi-Quantitative 18F-FDG PET/CT Parameters in Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

Objective:To assess the prognostic value of maximum standardized uptake value(SUVmax),metabolic tumor volume(MTV),and total lesion glycolysis(TLG)determined by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT)imaging in Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients.Methods:A total of 148 Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients diagnosed with lymph node biopsy from October 2014 to October 2015 were retrospectively analyzed followed by categorizing into good(125 cases)and poor(23 cases)prognosis groups.The chi-squared test was used to analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients with the semi-quantitative 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters;the Spearman method was used to analyze the correlation between the semi-quantitative parameters and clinicopathological features of Hodgkin’s lymphoma;receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the predictive value of the semi-quantitative parameters for poor prognosis of Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients.Results:Mean SUVmax,MTV,and TLG of the 148 cases of Hodgkin’s lymphoma were 7.26±2.38,12.46±3.14 cm3,and 76.83±18.56 g,respectively.Significant variations in the Ann Arbor stage and clinical classification were observed with different levels of semi-quantitative parameters(P<0.05).The semi-quantitative parameters were not correlated with age and gender(P>0.05)but positively correlated with Ann Arbor stage and clinical classification(P<0.05).These parameters in the poor prognosis group were higher than those in the good prognosis group(P<0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of SUVmax,MTV,and TLG in predicting the poor prognosis group was 0.881,0.875,and 0.838,with cut-off values of 7.264,12.898 cm3,and 74.580g,as well as specificity of 88.8%,84.0%,and 78.4%,and sensitivity of 87.0%,87.0%,and 78.3%,respectively;the AUC of the combined prediction was 0.986,with a specificity of 97.6%and sensitivity of 86.3%.Conclusion:The semi-quantitative 18F-FDG PET/CT parameters provide valuable insights for Hodgkin’s lymphoma prognosis assessment.

Integrated schedule of order picking and delivery for instant delivery

In this study,we introduce an integrated schedule of order picking and delivery for instant delivery.Order picking,including order batching and picking sequencing,is scheduled online under real-time order arrival,which integrates order delivery by depicting order location dispersion in an online order picking strategy.Order delivery,including delivery person assignment and route planning,is modeled to minimize the total duration of order fulfillment by considering the influence of the order picking completion time.A rule-based online order picking strategy is established,and a customized ant colony optimization(ACO)algorithm is proposed to optimize order delivery.Experiments on 16 simulated instances of different scales demonstrate that our online order picking schedule considering order delivery outperforms existing approaches and that the customized ACO algorithm for order delivery is effective.

FGF7 enhances the expression of ACE2 in human islet organoids aggravating SARS-CoV-2 infection

The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)is a primary cell surface viral binding receptor for SARS-CoV-2,so finding new regulatory molecules to modulate ACE2 expression levels is a promising strategy against COVID-19.In the current study,we utilized islet organoids derived from human embryonic stem cells(hESCs),animal models and COVID-19 patients to discover that fibroblast growth factor 7(FGF7)enhances ACE2 expression within the islets,facilitating SARS-CoV-2 infection and resulting in impaired insulin secretion.Using hESC-derived islet organoids,we demonstrated that FGF7 interacts with FGF receptor 2(FGFR2)and FGFR1 to upregulate ACE2 expression predominantly inβcells.This upregulation increases both insulin secretion and susceptibility ofβcells to SARS-CoV-2 infection.Inhibiting FGFR counteracts the FGF7-induced ACE2 upregulation,subsequently reducing viral infection and replication in the islets.Furthermore,retrospective clinical data revealed that diabetic patients with severe COVID-19 symptoms exhibited elevated serum FGF7 levels compared to those with mild symptoms.Finally,animal experiments indicated that SARS-CoV-2 infection increased pancreatic FGF7 levels,resulting in a reduction of insulin concentrations in situ.Taken together,our research offers a potential regulatory strategy for ACE2 by controlling FGF7,thereby protecting islets from SARS-CoV-2 infection and preventing the progression of diabetes in the context of COVID-19.

China-UK partnership for global health:practices and implications of the Global Health Support Programme 2012-2019

Background:Over the past few decades,a series of major challenges to global health have successively emerged,which call for China’s deeper engagement in global health governance.In this context,the China-UK Global Health Support Programme(GHSP)was launched in 2012 with about 12 million pounds funded by the United Kingdom.Objectives:The GHSP was expected to explore a new type of China-UK partnership to strengthen the cooperation in global health,and enhance China’s capacity to engage in global health governance and provide effective development assistance in health(DAH),in order to jointly improve global health outcomes.Programme design and implementation:The GHSP was programmed to support capacity building activities in Chinese experience distillation,DAH,global health governance and pilot partnership at national and institutional levels between October 2012 and March 2019.These activities were assigned to different project implementing agencies(PIAs)and their project cooperative agencies(PCAs)or pilot areas,and were then implemented under the guidance and management by the strategic oversight committee and the project management office of GHSP respectively.Main achievements:At the national level,the GHSP held five rounds of China-UK high-level dialogues,conducted studies on China Global Health Strategies to provide robust evidence for developing and issuing relevant national policies,and supported the establishment of the China Global Health Network.At the institutional level,the GHSP funded a series of activities in research,training,international exchange and pilots etc.,produced a large number of high-quality research outputs and policy briefings,cultivated a group of PIAs and individual researchers,facilitated the partnership building between the PIAs and PCAs,enhanced the practical ability of Chinese institutions to conduct overseas DAH,and improved the health service delivery and outcomes in pilot areas of three Asian and African countries.Policy implications:In the GHSP,China and UK have established a good model for North-South Cooperation and the programme facilitated the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development by building a new type of bilateral partnership and carrying out triangular cooperation practices.This model has demonstrated huge potential for cooperation through partnership and can also be referred to by other countries to develop bilateral partnerships.

鼻瓣区静态参数在鼻腔空间三维模型中的研究

目的应用Mimics软件对颌面部CT数据进行处理,建立鼻腔空间三维模型,定位鼻瓣区并测量其重要参数,以期为鼻阀功能不良的定量诊断提供依据。方法回顾性纳入2015年1月至2018年12月于上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院行颌面部三维CT检查的无鼻部疾病汉族黄种人32例,其中男性16例、女性16例,年龄20~80岁,<50岁者占50%。重建鼻腔空间三维模型,定位鼻瓣区并测量以下参数:鼻瓣区与鼻骨平面夹角(θ_(INV-B))、单侧鼻瓣区面积(A_(INV-R)、A_(INV-L))、鼻瓣区总面积(AINV)、单侧鼻瓣区高度(HINV-R、HINV-L)、单侧鼻瓣角(α_(INV-R)、α_(INV-L))以及鼻瓣角之和(αINV)。比较本研究所定位鼻瓣区的总面积与既往采用测量平面(垂直硬腭平面与垂直鼻骨平面)所得。分析不同侧别、性别、年龄及种族分组间上述参数的差异。采用SPSS 26及GraphPad Prism 9软件对数据进行统计分析及制图。结果本研究所定位鼻瓣区的总面积为(214.87±52.94)mm^(2),较既往CT测量方法中所采用的垂直硬腭平面[(254.97±47.80)mm^(2)]及垂直鼻骨平面[(226.07±57.36)mm^(2)]上所得偏小。本研究测得的鼻瓣区静态参数如下:θ_(INV-B)为(82.07±7.06)°,A_(INV-R)为(112.66±31.39)mm^(2)、A_(INV-L)为(102.21±27.14)mm^(2),AINV为(214.87±52.94)mm^(2),HINV-R为(24.87±4.62)mm、HINV-L为(24.35±4.86)mm,α_(INV-R)为(20.48±2.99)°、α_(INV-L)为(19.65±3.82)°、αINV为(40.13±6.24)°。右侧较左侧鼻瓣区面积偏大(t=2.33,P<0.05);男性的单侧鼻瓣区高度和右侧、左侧鼻瓣区面积,以及鼻瓣区总面积较女性偏大(t值分别为5.77、3.21、2.91及3.52,P值均<0.01);<50岁人群的鼻瓣区总面积较≥50岁人群的偏大(t=2.83,P<0.01);汉族黄种人的鼻瓣区与鼻骨平面夹角不同于白种人(t=2.92,P<0.01),鼻瓣角较白种人偏大(Z=-6.92,P<0.01),而单侧鼻瓣区高度较白种人偏小(Z=-3.89,P<0.01)。结论本研究在鼻腔空间三维模型中对汉族黄种人鼻瓣区进行定位及参数测量所测得的鼻瓣区总面积小于既往CT测量方法所得,不同性别、年龄组及种族的鼻瓣区参数存在差异。

Unsteady Tip Clearance Flow in an Isolated Axial Compressor Rotor

The paper investigates effects of operating conditions, tip clearance sizes and external unsteady excitations on the unsteady tip clearance flow in an isolated axial compressor rotor by unsteady 3D Navier-Stokes simulations. The results show that the unsteady tip clearance vortex takes a periodic flow behavior in the rotor tip region. With the decrease of the flow coefficient, the unsteady tip clearance vortex is enhanced and its frequency becomes lower. A larger tip clearance size can cause bigger unsteady fluctuation amplitude and a lower fluctuation frequency of the tip clearance vortex at the near stall operating condition. The unsteady excitation with the natural frequency of the tip clearance vortex can enhance the unsteadiness of the tip clearance vortex and improve the overall rotor performance. The frequency of the unsteady tip clearance vortex is independent of external unsteady excitations with different frequencies.

Numerical Simulation on the Effect of Tip Clearance Size on Unsteadiness in Tip Clearance Flow

Unsteadiness of tip clearance flow with three different tip clearance sizes is numerically investigated in this paper. NASA Rotor 67 is chosen as the computational model. It is found that among all the simulated cases, the un- steadiness exists when the size of the tip clearance is equal to or larger than design tip clearance size. The relative total pressure coefficient contours indicate that region of influence by tip leakage flow augments with the increase of tip clearance size at a fixed mass flow rate. Root Mean Square contours of static pressure distribution in the rotor tip region are provided to illustrate that for design tip clearance （1.1% tip chord） the strongest fluctuating region is located on pressure side of blade near leading edge, while for the larger tip clearance （2.2% tip chord）, it is in the region of the interaction between the shock wave and the tip leakage flow.

Accuracy controlling and mechanical behaviors of precursor-derived ceramic SiOC microlattices by projection micro stereolithography(PμSL)3D printing

Precursor-derived ceramic SiOC(PDC-SiOC)microlattices exhibit excellent oxidation resistance,high-temperature stability,and superior mechanical properties.However,the printing accuracy of the PDC-SiOC microlattices by 3D printing is still limited,and mechanical properties of the PDC-SiOC microlattices have not been studied systematically.Here,PDC-SiOC octet microlattices were fabricated by projection micro stereolithography(PμSL)3D printing,and photoabsorber(Sudan III)’s effect on the accuracy was systematically analyzed.The results showed that the addition of Sudan III improved the printing accuracy significantly.Then,the ceramization process of the green body was analyzed in detail.The order of the green body decreased,and most of their chemical bonds were broken during pyrolysis.After that,the PDC-SiOC microlattices with different truss diameters in the range of 52–220μm were fabricated,and their mechanical properties were investigated.The PDC-SiOC microlattices with a truss diameter of 52μm exhibited higher compression strength(31 MPa)than those with bigger truss diameters.The size effect among the PDC-SiOC microlattices was analyzed.Our work provides a deeper insight into the manufacturing of PDC-SiOC micro-scaled architectures by 3D printing and paves a path to the research of the size effect in ceramic structures.

Circumferential Propagation of Tip Leakage Flow Unsteadiness for a Low-Speed Axial Compressor

Full-annulus three-dimensional unsteady numerical simulations were conducted for a low-speed isolated axialcompressor rotor, intending to identify the behavior of self-induced unsteady tip leakage flow within multi-bladepassages. There is a critical mass flow rate near stall point, below it, the self-induced unsteadiness of tip leakageflow can propagate circumferentially and thus initiates two circumferential waves. Otherwise, the self-inducedunsteady tip leakage flow oscillates synchronously in each single blade passage. The major findings are: 1) whilethe self-induced unsteadiness of tip leakage flow is a single-passage phenomenon, there exist phase shifts amongblade passages in multi-passage environments then evolving into the first short length wave propagating at abouttwo times of rotor rotation speed after the transient period ends; and 2) the time traces of the pseudo sensors locatedon the rotor blade tips reveal another much longer length-scale wave modulated with the first wave due tophase shift propagating at about half of rotor rotation speed. Features of the short and long length-scale circumferentialwaves are similar to those of rotating instability and modal wave, respectively.

A software defect prediction method with metric compensation based on feature selection and transfer learning

Cross-project software defect prediction solves the problem of insufficient training data for traditional defect prediction,and overcomes the challenge of applying models learned from multiple different source projects to target project.At the same time,two new problems emerge:(1)too many irrelevant and redundant features in the model training process will affect the training efficiency and thus decrease the prediction accuracy of the model;(2)the distribution of metric values will vary greatly from project to project due to the development environment and other factors,resulting in lower prediction accuracy when the model achieves cross-project prediction.In the proposed method,the Pearson feature selection method is introduced to address data redundancy,and the metric compensation based transfer learning technique is used to address the problem of large differences in data distribution between the source project and target project.In this paper,we propose a software defect prediction method with metric compensation based on feature selection and transfer learning.The experimental results show that the model constructed with this method achieves better results on area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)value and F1-measure metric.

Automatic Efficiency Optimization of an Axial Compressor with Adjustable Inlet Guide Vanes

The inlet attack angle of rotor blade reasonably can be adjusted with the change of the stagger angle of inlet guide vane (IGV); so the efficiency of each condition will be affected. For the purpose to improve the efficiency, the DSP (Digital Signal Processor) controller is designed to adjust the stagger angle of IGV automatically in order to optimize the efficiency at any operating condition. The A/D signal collection includes inlet static pressure, outlet static pressure, outlet total pressure, rotor speed and torque signal, the efficiency can be calculated in the DSP, and the angle signal for the stepping motor which control the IGV will be sent out from the D/A. Experimental investigations are performed in a three-stage, low-speed axial compressor with variable inlet guide vanes. It is demonstrated that the DSP designed can well adjust the stagger angle of IGV online, the efficiency under different conditions can be optimized. This establishment of DSP online adjustment scheme may provide a practical solution for improving performance of multi-stage axial flow compressor when its operating condition is varied.

Two-Stage Lesion Detection Approach Based on Dimension-Decomposition and 3D Context

Lesion detection in Computed Tomography(CT) images is a challenging task in the field of computer-aided diagnosis.An important issue is to locate the area of lesion accurately.As a branch of Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs),3D Context-Enhanced(3DCE) frameworks are designed to detect lesions on CT scans.The False Positives(FPs) detected in 3DCE frameworks are usually caused by inaccurate region proposals,which slow down the inference time.To solve the above problems,a new method is proposed,a dimension-decomposition region proposal network is integrated into 3DCE framework to improve the location accuracy in lesion detection.Without the restriction of "anchors" on ratios and scales,anchors are decomposed to independent "anchor strings".Anchor segments are dynamically combined in accordance with probability,and anchor strings with different lengths dynamically compose bounding boxes.Experiments show that the accurate region proposals generated by our model promote the sensitivity of FPs and spend less inference time compared with the current methods.

The Role of Tip Leakage Flow in Triggering Rotating Stall of a Low Speed Compressor under Inlet Distortion

The stall behavior in a single-stage low-speed axial compressor under rotating inlet distortion (RID) is investigatedin the first half of this paper. The tests demonstrate that the tip leakage flow (TLF) plays an important rolein triggering rotating stall. The tracking of the spike-like disturbances caused by the spillage of TLV indicates thatmost of such spike-like disturbances will be smeared by non-distorted sector and the growth of the spike-like disturbancesactually relate closely to how and how often the path of the propagating disturbances come across thepath of the rotating distorted sector. In the second half of this paper, micro air injections are applied to test the effectbehavior of TLF on stall inception. Contrasts to without micro air injections, the spike-like disturbances aremuch fewer, so the possibilities that spike-like disturbances may trigger rotating stall are fewer too. As a result,the compressor gets a lower mass flow rate at stall for both co-rotating inlet distortion and counter-rotating inletdistortion.