The femtosecond laser has emerged as a powerful tool for micro-and nanoscale device fabrication. Through nonlinear ionization processes, nanometer-sized material modifications can be inscribed in transparent materials...The femtosecond laser has emerged as a powerful tool for micro-and nanoscale device fabrication. Through nonlinear ionization processes, nanometer-sized material modifications can be inscribed in transparent materials for device fabrication. This paper describes femtosecond precision inscription of nanograting in silica fiber cores to form both distributed and point fiber sensors for sensing applications in extreme environmental conditions. Through the use of scanning electron microscope imaging and laser processing optimization,high-temperature stable, Type II femtosecond laser modifications were continuously inscribed,point by point, with only an insertion loss at 1 d B m~(-1) or 0.001 d B per point sensor device.High-temperature performance of fiber sensors was tested at 1000℃, which showed a temperature fluctuation of ±5.5℃ over 5 days. The low laser-induced insertion loss in optical fibers enabled the fabrication of a 1.4 m, radiation-resilient distributed fiber sensor. The in-pile testing of the distributed fiber sensor further showed that fiber sensors can execute stable and distributed temperature measurements in extreme radiation environments. Overall, this paper demonstrates that femtosecond-laser-fabricated fiber sensors are suitable measurement devices for applications in extreme environments.展开更多
Water-environment monitoring network (WMN) is a wireless sensor network based real-time system, which collects, transmits, analyzes and processes water-environment parameters in large area. Both cluster selection mech...Water-environment monitoring network (WMN) is a wireless sensor network based real-time system, which collects, transmits, analyzes and processes water-environment parameters in large area. Both cluster selection mechanisms and energy saving strategies play an important role on designing network routing protocols for the WMN. Since those existing routing algorithms can not be used directly in the WMN, we thus propose an improved version of LEACH, a LEACH-Head Expected Frequency Appraisal (LEACH-HEFA) algorithm, for the WMN in this paper. Simulation results show that the LEACH-HEFA can balance the energy consumption of nodes, rationalize the clustering process and prolong the network lifetime significantly in the WMN. It indicates that the LEACH-HEFA is suitable to the WMN.展开更多
Subepithelial lesions(SEL)of the digestive tract refer to a series of benign and malignant subepithelial masses that appear smooth or rough under gastrointestinal endoscopy.Endoscopic resection of subepithelial lesion...Subepithelial lesions(SEL)of the digestive tract refer to a series of benign and malignant subepithelial masses that appear smooth or rough under gastrointestinal endoscopy.Endoscopic resection of subepithelial lesions in the digestive tract is widely recognized due to its advantages of minimal trauma and rapid recovery.This paper reports and summarizes the experiences of using the combined snare,long lucency cap,and argon plasma coagulation technique to remove small subepithelial lesions in 14 patients.展开更多
Macrophages are widely distributed immune cells that contribute to tissue homeostasis.Human THP-1 cells have been widely used in various macrophage-associated studies,especially those involving pro-inflammatory M1 and...Macrophages are widely distributed immune cells that contribute to tissue homeostasis.Human THP-1 cells have been widely used in various macrophage-associated studies,especially those involving pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes.However,the molecular characterization of four M2 subtypes(M2a,M2b,M2c,and M2d)derived from THP-1has not been fully investigated.In this study,we systematically analyzed the protein expression profiles of human THP-1-derived macrophages(M0,M1,M2a,M2b,M2c,and M2d)using quantitative proteomics approaches.The commonly and specially regulated proteins of the four M2 subtypes and their potential biological functions were further investigated.The results showed that M2a and M2b,and M2c and M2d have very similar protein expression profiles.These data could serve as an important resource for studies of macrophages using THP-1 cells,and provide a reference to distinguish different M2 subtypes in macrophage-associated diseases for subsequent clinical research.展开更多
At present,the insulation performances of electrical apparatus under lightning impulse voltages are always evaluated by the withstand test of standard lightning impulse voltage(1.2/50μs),which is recommended by IEC S...At present,the insulation performances of electrical apparatus under lightning impulse voltages are always evaluated by the withstand test of standard lightning impulse voltage(1.2/50μs),which is recommended by IEC Standard.However,the actual time parameters of transformer invading lightning impulse voltage present an obvious dispersibility characteristics.The standard wave shape is only representative of one particular class of lightning waves,which is far from satisfactory to act as the guidance waveform in the design of power equipment insulation.On the basis of the above research background,the relationship between breakdown characteristics of oil paper insulation and time parameters of applied lightning impulse voltage was investigated in this study.The 50%breakdown voltage characteristics of oil paper insulation under lightning impulse voltage with different time parameters were determined.The test results indicate that a short wave front time could lead to relatively low 50%breakdown voltage,while when the wave tail time varied,the 50%breakdown voltage of oil paper insulation barely changed.At last the simulation model of oil paper insulation was developed,and the current flowing through the oil paper insulating system under lightning impulse voltage was calculated.On the basis of the simulating results,the relationship between current and time parameters was analysed.展开更多
基金supported in part through Department of Energy Grants DE-NE0008686 and DE-FE00028992the NEET ASI program under DOE Idaho Operations Office Contract DE-AC07-05ID14517。
文摘The femtosecond laser has emerged as a powerful tool for micro-and nanoscale device fabrication. Through nonlinear ionization processes, nanometer-sized material modifications can be inscribed in transparent materials for device fabrication. This paper describes femtosecond precision inscription of nanograting in silica fiber cores to form both distributed and point fiber sensors for sensing applications in extreme environmental conditions. Through the use of scanning electron microscope imaging and laser processing optimization,high-temperature stable, Type II femtosecond laser modifications were continuously inscribed,point by point, with only an insertion loss at 1 d B m~(-1) or 0.001 d B per point sensor device.High-temperature performance of fiber sensors was tested at 1000℃, which showed a temperature fluctuation of ±5.5℃ over 5 days. The low laser-induced insertion loss in optical fibers enabled the fabrication of a 1.4 m, radiation-resilient distributed fiber sensor. The in-pile testing of the distributed fiber sensor further showed that fiber sensors can execute stable and distributed temperature measurements in extreme radiation environments. Overall, this paper demonstrates that femtosecond-laser-fabricated fiber sensors are suitable measurement devices for applications in extreme environments.
文摘Water-environment monitoring network (WMN) is a wireless sensor network based real-time system, which collects, transmits, analyzes and processes water-environment parameters in large area. Both cluster selection mechanisms and energy saving strategies play an important role on designing network routing protocols for the WMN. Since those existing routing algorithms can not be used directly in the WMN, we thus propose an improved version of LEACH, a LEACH-Head Expected Frequency Appraisal (LEACH-HEFA) algorithm, for the WMN in this paper. Simulation results show that the LEACH-HEFA can balance the energy consumption of nodes, rationalize the clustering process and prolong the network lifetime significantly in the WMN. It indicates that the LEACH-HEFA is suitable to the WMN.
基金Bayannur City Science and Technology Plan Project(K202026)Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Health and Wellness Science and Technology Plan Project(202201628)+2 种基金National Clinical Key Specialty Construction Project(2023)Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Clinical Key Specialty Construction Project(2023)Bayannur City Clinical Key Specialty Construction Project(2023)。
文摘Subepithelial lesions(SEL)of the digestive tract refer to a series of benign and malignant subepithelial masses that appear smooth or rough under gastrointestinal endoscopy.Endoscopic resection of subepithelial lesions in the digestive tract is widely recognized due to its advantages of minimal trauma and rapid recovery.This paper reports and summarizes the experiences of using the combined snare,long lucency cap,and argon plasma coagulation technique to remove small subepithelial lesions in 14 patients.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFA0905200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91853123,81773180,81800655,and 21705127)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2019M653715,2019TQ0260,and 2019M663798)。
文摘Macrophages are widely distributed immune cells that contribute to tissue homeostasis.Human THP-1 cells have been widely used in various macrophage-associated studies,especially those involving pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes.However,the molecular characterization of four M2 subtypes(M2a,M2b,M2c,and M2d)derived from THP-1has not been fully investigated.In this study,we systematically analyzed the protein expression profiles of human THP-1-derived macrophages(M0,M1,M2a,M2b,M2c,and M2d)using quantitative proteomics approaches.The commonly and specially regulated proteins of the four M2 subtypes and their potential biological functions were further investigated.The results showed that M2a and M2b,and M2c and M2d have very similar protein expression profiles.These data could serve as an important resource for studies of macrophages using THP-1 cells,and provide a reference to distinguish different M2 subtypes in macrophage-associated diseases for subsequent clinical research.
基金the National Basic Research Program(973 Program)(2015CB251003)the Funds for Innovative Research Groups of China(51321063).
文摘At present,the insulation performances of electrical apparatus under lightning impulse voltages are always evaluated by the withstand test of standard lightning impulse voltage(1.2/50μs),which is recommended by IEC Standard.However,the actual time parameters of transformer invading lightning impulse voltage present an obvious dispersibility characteristics.The standard wave shape is only representative of one particular class of lightning waves,which is far from satisfactory to act as the guidance waveform in the design of power equipment insulation.On the basis of the above research background,the relationship between breakdown characteristics of oil paper insulation and time parameters of applied lightning impulse voltage was investigated in this study.The 50%breakdown voltage characteristics of oil paper insulation under lightning impulse voltage with different time parameters were determined.The test results indicate that a short wave front time could lead to relatively low 50%breakdown voltage,while when the wave tail time varied,the 50%breakdown voltage of oil paper insulation barely changed.At last the simulation model of oil paper insulation was developed,and the current flowing through the oil paper insulating system under lightning impulse voltage was calculated.On the basis of the simulating results,the relationship between current and time parameters was analysed.
