Correlation between TG/HDL-C Ratio and Sarcopenia in Middle-Aged and Elderly People in Southwest China

Objective: To study the correlation between TG/HDL-C ratio and sarcopenia in middle-aged and elderly people in southwest China. Methods: Body mass index (BMI) and serum of middle-aged and elderly people aged 50 - 70 years in Southwest China were collected, grip strength was measured by grip strength meter, muscle mass and fat mass of upper, lower limbs and trunk were measured by body composition analyzer based on bioelectrical impedance method, and TG and HDL-C in serum were determined by enzymatic method. Results: Pearson correlation analysis showed that TG/HDL-C ratio (r = 0.246, p p p > 0.05). Conclusion: TG/HDL-C ratio is a predictor of skeletal muscle mass, and TG/HDL-C ratio is a protective factor for sarcopenia in middle-aged and elderly people in southwest China, and it can be used as a potential evaluation indicator for sarcopenia.

Blood Calcium as a Protective Factor against Traumatic Fracture

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the predictive value of blood calcium in the prognosis of traumatic fracture. Methods: A retrospective experimental design was employed, 112 cases (52 non-fracture and 60 traumatic fracture) were randomly selected. The type of fracture complies with WHO-recommended (2019) diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis combined with fracture. The blood pressure (BP) was measured by OMRON’s HEM-7136 model electronic blood pressure monitor. Blood calcium (Ca2+), and blood phosphorus (P) values were measured using Colorimetric Roche kits on a Roche/Hitachi fully automated biochemical analyzer. Data collection and analysis followed. Results: Higher levels of age, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were found in the traumatic fracture group compared to the control group, whereas weight, height, and blood phosphorus did not differ significantly (P adjusting for age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and blood phosphorus, binary logistic regression analysis revealed that blood calcium was a protective factor against traumatic fracture (β = -26.85, OR = 0.00, 95% CI = 0.00 -0.02, P = 0.022). Conclusion: The findings suggest that high and low blood calcium levels may serve as useful indicators in predicting the prognosis of fractures resulting from trauma.

Muscle Mass Is Associated with Depression in Adolescents and Young Adults

Background and Aims: The study aims to explore the association between body composition and depression in adolescents and young adults. Methods: A random cluster sampling method was used to select 41 age-matched indi-viduals (aged 11 - 30) as a non-depressive control group. The Department of Psychology at the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Na-tionalities recruited 27 depressive patients within the same age range. Bioelec-trical impedance analysis measured body composition, while SCL-90, SAS, and SDS were employed for depression diagnosis. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between body composition and de-pression scores. Results: The Depression Group exhibited higher levels of fat mass (p Conclusion: Depression is associated with age, gender, and muscle mass in adolescents and young people. Proper exercise and a healthy diet can increase muscle mass, thereby reducing fat mass and, as a result, reducing the prevalence of depression.

Study on the Correlation between Adiponectin and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Objectives: To explore the relationship between adiponectin (APN) and bone mineral density in this Zhuang ethnic group, thus providing a basis underpinning the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis (OP). Methods: Zhuang women over 50 years old in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were included in the study. The broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) was adopted as the reference to calculate the T value. Quantitative ultrasonic bone density was measured on the right. Body composition measuring instrument was used to measure weight, fat, and muscle mass. Plasma APN level was detected by ELISA and blood lipids were detected by enzymatic method. Results: Plasma APN level was found with significant differences in the normal bone mineral density group, bone mineral density reduction group, and osteoporosis group (P β = −0.176, P = 0.001) when the partial correlation coefficient of APN is −0.210. Elevated APN was an independent risk factor for bone mineral density reduction (OR = 1.191, 95%CI: 1.004 - 1.407, P = 0.04) and OP (OR = 1.1337, 95%CI: 1.137 - 1.572, P Conclusion: Increased APN in postmenopausal women of Zhuang is an independent risk factor for OP. The application of APN in the OP screening and prevention of middle-aged and ageing Zhuang women still needs further research.

Advances in Drug Treatment of Fungal Keratitis

Fungal keratitis is an important cause of corneal blindness in China, accounting for 45% of infectious keratitis. The main pathogenic bacteria include yeast, filamentous bacteria and nearly 100 kinds of fungi, which are difficult to diagnose, difficult to treat and poor prognosis. When the infected fungal strains have strong virulence and poor drug sensitivity, it is easy to prolong the disease. Once the fungal infection involves the whole limbus and reaches the whole layer of the cornea, it will be followed by intraocular tissue infection such as anterior chamber, lens and vitreous body. When the infection is difficult to control and the visual function is seriously damaged, the enucleation of eye contents has to be performed, which causes irreversible harm to the patient’s appearance and physical and mental health. Therefore, in order to gain greater hope for the vision of patients with fungal keratitis, In recent years, with the continuous progress of clinical medicine and microbiological diagnostics, the treatment methods of fungal keratitis have been constantly updated. This article will briefly review the new progress in drug and surgical treatment of fungal keratitis in recent years to provide patients with better visual prognosis. .

基层政府编外人员规模隐性扩张机制研究--基于A县的案例分析

财政供养人员只减不增,基层政府编内人员总量严格控制,可编外人员却隐性扩张。为增强组织弹性和适应能力,基层政府在直接增加编制内人员和合同外包之外发展出了编外扩张的第三条道路。以往研究主要关注用人单位为什么要编外扩张,而对于为何能以及如何扩张的问题研究不足。在解释政府规模扩张的需求理论和供给理论基础上,论文建构了一个绩效管理制度环境下的双重软约束框架,分析基层政府编外扩张机制与过程。研究以A县编外扩张为例,分析“要编”的用人单位与“控编”的编制和财政部门之间的动态博弈过程,发现基层编外人员扩张的关键在于用人单位扩编要编的需求和冲动没有得到有效遏制。在上级部门绩效考核强压力和基层政府弱惩罚制度环境下,编制软约束和预算软约束是最重要的机制。研究深化了对基层政府编制管理的认识,有助于国家治理体系和治理能力的现代化。

“创新不安全感”可以解开国家创新的密码吗?——评《为什么有的国家创新力强?》

马克·扎卡里·泰勒(2018).为什么有的国家创新力强?.任俊红译.北京:新华出版社.共351页.一、引言创新已成为衡量一个国家国际地位和国际影响力的重要指标。随着国家间的科技竞争越来越激烈,我国如何才能保持科技迅猛发展的强劲势头而不被其他国家赶超和压制呢?

Relationship between Muscle Strength, Muscle Mass and BMD in Postmenopausal Female of Zhuang in Guangxi Province of China

Objective: To explore the correlation between muscle strength, muscle mass and bone mineral density (BMD) in Zhuang female population, body composition analysis and grip strength, and to analyze the possible influencing factors of BMD. Methods: 182 postmenopausal women were selected from Guangxi Province of China. Broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) was used to evaluate BMD. Grip dynamometer to assess muscle strength. Height, weight and muscle mass of each part were measured by body composition measuring instrument. Body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and limb skeletal muscle mass (SM) were calculated according to the measurement results. Results: BUA, grip strength and SMI in postmenopausal women of Zhuang nationality showed a decreasing trend with age (p p p r = 0.305, p Conclusion: With the increase of age, the decline rate of muscle strength of postmenopausal Zhuang women in Guangxi is slower than that of BMD and muscle mass. SM can better reflect the BMD level of the body than SMI, and the LSM is the main influencing factor of BMD.

Development and prospect on fully mechanized mining in Chinese coal mines

Fully mechanized mining(FMM)technology has been applied in Chinese coal mines for more than 40 years.At present,the output of a FMM face has reached 10-million tons with Chinese-made equipment.In this study,the new developments in FMM technology and equipment in Chinese coal mines during past decades are introduced.The automatic FMM technology for thin seams,complete sets of FMM technology with ultra large shear height of 7 m for thick seams,complete sets of fully mechanized top coal caving technology with large shear height for ultra-thick seams of 20 m,complete sets of FMM technology for complex and difficult seams,including steeply inclined seams,soft coal seams with large inclination angle,and the mechanized filling mining technology and equipment are presented.Some typical case studies are also introduced.Finally,the existing problems with the FMM technology are discussed,and prospect of FMM technology and equipment applied in Chinese coal mines is put forward.

Key technologies and equipment for a fully mechanized top-coal caving operation with a large mining height at ultra-thick coal seams

Thick and ultra-thick coal seams are main coal seams for high production rate and high efficiency in Chinese coal mines, which accounts for 44 % of the total minable coal reserve. A fully mechanized top-coal caving mining method is a main underground coal extraction method for ultra-thick coal seams. The coal extraction technologies for coal seams less than 14 m thick were extensively used in China. However, for coal seams with thickness greater than 14 m, there have been no reported cases in the world for underground mechanical extraction with safe performance, high efficiency and high coal recovery ratio. To deal with this case, China Coal Technology ＆ Engineering Group, Datong Coal Mine Group, and other 15 organizations in China launched a fundamental and big project to develop coal mining technologies and equipment for coal seams with thicknesses greater than 14 m. After the completion of the project, a coal extraction method was developed for top-coal caving with a large mining height, as well as a ground control theory for ultra-thick coal seams. In addition, the mining technology for top-coal caving with a large mining height, the ground support technology for roadway in coal seams with a large cross-section, and the prevention and control technology for gas and fire hazards were developed and applied. Furthermore, a hydraulic support with a mining height of 5.2 m, a shearer with high reliability, and auxiliary equipment were developed and manufactured. Practical implication on the technologies and equipment developed was successfully completed at the No. 8105 coal face in the Tashan coal mine, Datong, China. The major achievements of the project are summarized as follows： 1. A top-coal caving method for ultra-thick coal seams is proposed with a cutting height of 5 m and a top-coal caving height of 15 m. A structural mechanical model of overlying strata called cantilever beam-articulated rock beam is established. Based on the model, the load resistance of the hydraulic support with a large mining height for top-coal caving method is determined. With the analysis, the movement characteristics of the top coal and above strata are evaluated during top-coal caving operation at the coal face with a large mining height. Furthermore, there is successful development of comprehensive technologies for preventing and controlling spalling of the coal wall, and the top-coal caving technology with high efficiency and high recovery at the top-coal caving face with a large mining height. This means that the technologies developed have overcome the difficulties in strata control, top-coal caving with high efficiency and high coal recovery, and enabled to achieve a production rate of more than 10 Mtpa at a single top-coal caving face with a large mining height in ultra-thick coal seams; 2. A hydraulic support with 5.2 m supporting height and anti-rockburst capacity, a shearer with high reliability, a scraper conveyor with a large power at the back of face, and a large load and long distance headgate belt conveyor have been successfully developed for a top-coal caving face with large mining height. The study has developed the key technologies for improving the reliability of equipment at the coal face and has overcome the challenges in equipping the top-coal caving face with a large mining height in ultra-thick coal seams; 3. The deformation characteristics of a large cross-section roadway in ultra-thick coal seams are discovered. Based on the findings above, a series of bolt materials with a high yielding strength of 500-830 MPa and a high extension ratio, and cable bolt material with a 1 × 19 structure, large tonnage and high extension ratio are developed. In addition, in order to achieve a safe roadway and a fast face advance, installation equipment for high pre-tension bolt is developed to solve the problems with the support of roadway in coal seams for top-coal caving operation with a large mining height; 4. The characteristics of gas distribution and uneven emission at top-coal caving face with large mining height in ultra-thick coal seams are evaluated. With the application of the technologies of gas drainage in the roof, the difficulties in gas control for high intensive top-coal caving mining operations, known as ＂low gas content, high gas emission＂, are solved. In addition, large flow-rate underground mobile equipment for making nitrogen are developed to solve the problems with fire prevention and safe mining at a top-coal caving face with large mining height and production rate of more than 10 Mtpa. A case study to apply the developed technologies has been conducted at the No. 8105 face, the Tashan coal mine in Datong, China. The case study demonstrates that the three units of equipment, i.e., the support, shearer and scraper conveyor, are rationally equipped. Average equipment usage at the coal face is 92.1%. The coal recovery ratio at the coal face is up to 88.9 %. In 2011, the coal production at the No. 8105 face reached 10.849 Mtpa, exceeding the target of 10 Mtpa for a topcoal caving operation with large mining height performed by Chinese-made mining equipment. The technologies and equipment developed provide a way for extracting ultra-thick coal seams. Currently, the technologies and equipment are used in 13 mining areas in China including Datong, Pingshuo, Shendong and Xinjiang. With the exploitation of coal resources in Western China, there is great potential for the application of the technologies and equipment developed.

BMP signaling in mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and bone formation

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the TGF-β superfamily and have diverse functions during development and organogenesis. BMPs play a major role in skeletal development and bone formation, and disruptions in BMP signaling cause a variety of skeletal and extraskeletal anomalies. Several knockout models have provided insight into the mechanisms responsible for these phenotypes. Proper bone formation requires the differentiation of osteoblasts from mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) precursors, a process mediated in part by BMP signaling. Multiple BMPs, including BMP2, BMP6, BMP7 and BMP9, promote osteoblastic differentiation of MSCs both in vitro and in vivo. BMP9 is one of the most osteogenic BMPs, yet it is a poorly characterized member of the BMP family. Several studies demonstrate that the mechanisms controlling BMP9-mediated osteogenesis differ from other osteogenic BMPs, but little is known about these specific mechanisms. Several pathways critical to BMP9-mediated osteogenesis are also important in the differentiation of other cell lineages, including adipocytes and chondrocytes. BMP9 has also demonstrated translational promise in spinal fusion and bone fracture repair. This review will summarize our current knowledge of BMP-mediated osteogenesis, with a focus on BMP9, by presenting recently completed work which may help us to further elucidate these pathways.

Fluorescent Silicon Nanorods-Based Nanotheranostic Agents for Multimodal Imaging-Guided Photothermal Therapy

The utilization of diagnosis to guide/aid therapy procedures has shown great prospects in the era of personalized medicine along with the recognition of tumor heterogeneity and complexity.Herein,a kind of multifunctional silicon-based nanostructure,i.e.,gold nanoparticles-decorated fluorescent silicon nanorods(Au@SiNRs),is fabricated and exploited for tumor-targeted multimodal imaging-guided photothermal therapy.In particular,the prepared Au@SiNRs feature high photothermal conversion efficiency(~43.9%)and strong photothermal stability(photothermal performance stays constant after five-cycle NIR laser irradiation),making them high-performance agents for simultaneously photoacoustic and infrared thermal imaging.The Au@SiNRs are readily modified with targeting peptide ligands,enabling an enhanced tumor accumulation with a high value of^8.74%ID g?1.Taking advantages of these unique merits,the Au@SiNRs are superbly suitable for specifically ablating tumors in vivo without appreciable toxicity under the guidance of multimodal imaging.Typically,all the mice treated with the Au@SiNRs remain alive,and no distinct tumor recurrence is observed during 60-day investigation.

Tumorigenic bacteria in colorectal cancer:mechanisms and treatments

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common and the second most fatal cancer.In recent years,more attention has been directed toward the role of gut microbiota in the initiation and development of CRC.Some bacterial species,such as Fusobacterium nucleatum,Escherichia coli,Bacteroides fragilis,Enterococcus faecalis,and Salmonella sp.have been associated with CRC,based upon sequencing studies in CRC patients and functional studies in cell culture and animal models.These bacteria can cause host DNA damage by genotoxic substances,including colibactin secreted by pks+Escherichia coli,B.fragilis toxin(BFT)produced by Bacteroides fragilis,and typhoid toxin(TT)from Salmonella.These bacteria can also indirectly promote CRC by influencing host-signaling pathways,such as E-cadherin/β-catenin,TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB,and SMO/RAS/p38 MAPK.Moreover,some of these bacteria can contribute to CRC progression by helping tumor cells to evade the immune response by suppressing immune cell function,creating a proinflammatory environment,or influencing the autophagy process.Treatments with the classical antibacterial drugs,metronidazole or erythromycin,the antibacterial active ingredients,M13@Ag(electrostatically assembled from inorganic silver nanoparticles and the protein capsid of bacteriophage M13),berberine,and zerumbone,were found to inhibit tumorigenic bacteria to different degrees.In this review,we described progress in elucidating the tumorigenic mechanisms of several CRC-associated bacteria,as well as progress in developing effective antibacterial therapies.Specific bacteria have been shown to be active in the oncogenesis and progression of CRC,and some antibacterial compounds have shown therapeutic potential in bacteria-induced CRC.These bacteria may be useful as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for CRC.

The Recent Technological Development of Intelligent Mining in China

In the last five years, China has seen the technological development of intelligent mining and the application of the longwall automation technology developed by the Longwall Automation Steering Committee. This paper summarizes this great achievement, which occurred during the 12th Five-Year Plan （2011-2015）, and which included the development of a set of intelligent equipment for hydraulic-powered supports, information transfers, dynamic decision-making, performance coordination, and the achievement of a high level of reliability despite difficult conditions. Within China, the intelligent system of a set of hydraulic-powered supports was completed, with our own intellectual property rights. An intelligent mining model was developed that permitted unmanned operation and single-person inspection on the work face. With these technologies, the number of miners on the work face can now be significantly reduced. Miners are only required to monitor mining machines on the roadway or at the surface control center, since intelligent mining can be applied to extract middle-thick or thick coal seams. As a result, miners＇ safety has been improved. Finally, this Darter discusses theprospects and challenges of intelligent mining over the next ten years.

Superconductivity at 44.4 K achieved by intercalating EMIM^(+) into FeSe

Superconductivity with transition temperature Tc above 40 K was observed in protonated FeSe(Hy-FeSe)previously with the ionic liquid EMIM-BF4 used in the electrochemical process.However,the real superconducting phase is not clear until now.And detailed structural,magnetization,and electrical transport measurements are lacking.By using similar protonating technique on FeSe single crystals,we obtain superconducting samples with Tc above 40 K.We show that the obtained superconducting phase is not Hy-FeSe but actually an organic-ion(C6H11N+2 referred to as EMIM^(+))-intercalated phase(EMIM)xFeSe.By using x-ray diffraction technique,two sets of index peaks corresponding to different c-axis lattice constants are detected in the obtained samples,which belong to the newly formed phase of intercalated(EMIM)xFeSe and the residual FeSe,respectively.The superconductivity of(EMIM)xFeSe with Tc of 44.4 K is confirmed by resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements.Temperature dependence of resistivity with different applied magnetic fields reveals that the upper critical field Hc2 is quite high,while the irreversibility field Hirr is suppressed quickly with increasing temperature till about 20 K.This indicates that the resultant compound has a high anisotropy with a large spacing between the FeSe layers.

Antiangiogenesis-Combined Photothermal Therapy in the Second Near-Infrared Window at Laser Powers Below the Skin Tolerance Threshold

Photothermal agents with strong light absorption in the second near-infrared(NIR-II)region(1000-1350 nm)are strongly desired for successful photothermal therapy(PTT).In this work,titania-coated Au nanobipyramids(NBP@TiO2)with a strong plasmon resonance in the NIR-II window were synthesized.The NBP@TiO2 nanostructures have a high photothermal conversion efficiency of(93.3±5.2)%under 1064-nm laser irradiation.They are also capable for loading an anticancer drug combretastatin A-4 phosphate(CA4P).In vitro PTT studies reveal that 1064-nm laser irradiation can efficiently ablate human lung cancer A549 cells and enhance the anticancer effect of CA4P.Moreover,the CA4P-loaded NBP@TiO2 nanostructures combined with PTT induce a synergistic antiangiogenesis effect.In vivo studies show that such CA4Ploaded NBP@TiO2 nanostructures under mild 1064-nm laser irradiation at an optical power density of 0.4 W cm?2,which is lower than the skin tolerance threshold value,exhibit a superior antitumor effect.This work presents not only the development of the NBP@TiO2 nanostructures as a novel photothermal agent responsive in the NIR-II window but also a unique combined chemo-photothermal therapy strategy for cancer therapy.

Progress on diagnostic and prognostic markers of pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic cancer is a malignant disease characterized by low survival and high recurrence rate,whose patients are mostly at the stage of locally advanced or metastatic disease when first diagnosed.Early diagnosis is particularly important because prognostic/predictive markers help guide optimal individualized treatment regimens.So far,CA19-9 is the only biomarker for pancreatic cancer approved by the FDA,but its effectiveness is limited by low sensitivity and specificity.With recent advances in genomics,proteomics,metabolomics,and other analytical and sequencing technologies,the rapid acquisition and screening of biomarkers is now possible.Liquid biopsy also occupies a significant place due to its unique advantages.In this review,we systematically describe and evaluate the available biomarkers that have the greatest potential as vital tools in diagnosing and treating pancreatic cancer.

Relationship between Waist Circumference, Waist-Height Ratio, Body Fat Percentage, Visceral Fat and Bone Mineral Density in Middle-Aged and Elderly Zhuang of China

Objective: To understand the correlation between different degrees of obesity and bone mineral density (BMD). Methods: 772 cases (300 men and 472 females) of Zhuang over 40 years old were randomly selected. The BMD and T score were calculated by measuring the right heel bone using a quantitative-ultrasound densitometer. Body composition index of body weight, waist circumference (WC), waist height ratio (WtHR), body fat percentage (BFP) and visceral fat (VF) were measured using a bioelectrical impedance method. Results: The BMI, WC, and WtHR of the male osteoporosis group were lower than those of the normal bone mass (NBM) group (P Conclusion: BMI is positively correlated with BMD in Zhuang. BFP has a greater correlation with female BMD, and a small reduction in BFP can result in a significant decrease in BMD. BMD of male was positively correlated with abdominal obesity indicators (WC, WtHR, VF). However, abdominal obesity has no obvious effect on the promotion of BMD in women, and increased WtHR can lead to a decrease in BMD. Zhuang can appropriately increase the amount of fat within the normal weight range. At the same time, reasonable exercise and balanced nutrition to avoid excessive obesity or low body weight can reduce the incidence of osteoporosis and osteoporosis fractures.

Discussion on the Main Points of Construction Quality Control of Geological Hazard Management Engineering

In recent years, geological disasters have occurred frequently. This not only has a serious impact on urban construction, but also directly threatens the safety of life and property. In response to this situation, the control of the construction quality of the geological disaster management process must be strengthened to improve the construction quality of the treatment process. This paper mainly introduces the characteristics of geological hazard management engineering, common geological hazards and geological hazard treatment engineering, and expounds the key points and control measures of geological hazard management engineering quality control, so as to improve the construction quality of geological hazard management engineering.

Targeting epigenetic and posttranslational modifications regulating ferroptosis for the treatment of diseases

Ferroptosis,a unique modality of cell death with mechanistic and morphological differences from other cell death modes,plays a pivotal role in regulating tumorigenesis and offers a new opportunity for modulating anticancer drug resistance.Aberrant epigenetic modifications and posttranslational modifications(PTMs)promote anticancer drug resistance,cancer progression,and metastasis.Accumulating studies indicate that epigenetic modifications can transcriptionally and translationally determine cancer cell vulnerability to ferroptosis and that ferroptosis functions as a driver in nervous system diseases(NSDs),cardiovascular diseases(CVDs),liver diseases,lung diseases,and kidney diseases.In this review,we first summarize the core molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis.Then,the roles of epigenetic processes,including histone PTMs,DNA methylation,and noncoding RNA regulation and PTMs,such as phosphorylation,ubiquitination,SUMOylation,acetylation,methylation,and ADP-ribosylation,are concisely discussed.The roles of epigenetic modifications and PTMs in ferroptosis regulation in the genesis of diseases,including cancers,NSD,CVDs,liver diseases,lung diseases,and kidney diseases,as well as the application of epigenetic and PTM modulators in the therapy of these diseases,are then discussed in detail.Elucidating the mechanisms of ferroptosis regulation mediated by epigenetic modifications and PTMs in cancer and other diseases will facilitate the development of promising combination therapeutic regimens containing epigenetic or PTM-targeting agents and ferroptosis inducers that can be used to overcome chemotherapeutic resistance in cancer and could be used to prevent other diseases.In addition,these mechanisms highlight potential therapeutic approaches to overcome chemoresistance in cancer or halt the genesis of other diseases.