Uncertainty quantification of mechanism motion based on coupled mechanism—motor dynamic model for ammunition delivery system

In this paper,a dynamic modeling method of motor driven electromechanical system is presented,and the uncertainty quantification of mechanism motion is investigated based on this method.The main contribution is to propose a novel mechanism-motor coupling dynamic modeling method,in which the relationship between mechanism motion and motor rotation is established according to the geometric coordination of the system.The advantages of this include establishing intuitive coupling between the mechanism and motor,facilitating the discussion for the influence of both mechanical and electrical parameters on the mechanism,and enabling dynamic simulation with controller to take the randomness of the electric load into account.Dynamic simulation considering feedback control of ammunition delivery system is carried out,and the feasibility of the model is verified experimentally.Based on probability density evolution theory,we comprehensively discuss the effects of system parameters on mechanism motion from the perspective of uncertainty quantization.Our work can not only provide guidance for engineering design of ammunition delivery mechanism,but also provide theoretical support for modeling and uncertainty quantification research of mechatronics system.

Impact of depression on the quality of sleep and immune functions in patients with coronary artery disease

Background The risk of major depressive disorder(MDD)and insomnia is higher in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)than in the general population.In addition,immune inflammation may be a shared aetiological factor for mental disorders and CHD.However,it is unclear whether MDD is associated with poor sleep quality and cell-mediated immune function in patients with CHD.Aims This study investigated the impact of depression/on sleep quality and cell-mediated immune functions in patients with CHD and examined discriminative factors in patients with CHD with and without MDD.Methods This cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted at the Zhejiang University School of Medicine afiliated with Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital.The study population consisted of 84 patients with CHD assigned to two groups based on their Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD)score(CHD with MDD(HAMD score of 210)vs without MDD).Subjective sleep quality,systemic inflammatory response and cell-mediated immune functions were assessed in patients with CHD with(n=50)and without(n=34)MDD using the Pitsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQ1),routine blood tests and flow cytometry.The relationships between variables were ascertained using Pearson's product-moment,and linear discriminant analysis was used to explore the discriminative factors between groups.Results Patients with CHD with MDD had significanty poorer sleep quality than those without MDD(Z=-6.864,p<0.001).The Systemic Inflammation Index(SI)and CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)T-cell ratios were higher in patients with CHD with MDD than in those without MDD(Z=-3.249,p=0.001).Patients with CHD with MDD had fewer CD3^(+)CD8^(+) and CD3^(+)T cells(Z=3.422,p=0.001)than those without MDD(t=2.032,p=0.045).Furthermore,patients with CHD with MDD may be diftrentiated from those without MDD using the PSQI,SII and T-cell levels,as these variables correctly classified the depressed and non-depressed groups with an accuracy of 96.4%.Conclusions MDD may be responsible for poor sleep quality,increased cll-mediated immunity and SI in patients with CHD,which are discriminative factors for CHD in the depressive state.Clinicians should be aware of these interactions,as treatment for depressive symptoms may also improve CHD prognosis.

General design principle of artillery for firing accuracy

In this paper,based on the topological description method,the kinematic and dynamic equations of the projectile flight and projectile-artillery coupling system during the whole process of firing are constructed.The factors that can affect the projectile burst points,namely the state parameters of the projectile on the muzzle and state parameters of the barrel muzzle,as well as the factors that affect the barrel muzzle state parameters,are analyzed.On this basis,the design principle of artillery firing accuracy is proposed.The error analysis and the corresponding inverse problem,the extraction method of key parameters affecting artillery implicated motion,the conformal and control method of rotating band are analyzed and presented.Finally,the presented method is verified through a vehicle mounted howitzer case,and the muzzle state parameter interval is obtained meeting the given firing accuracy.In addition,the sensitivity analysis of artillery parameters shows that the less the correlation between the parameters and the barrel,the less the influence on the projectile implicated motion.The analysis of the coupling effect between rifling and the rotating band shows that the uniform rifling is the optimal form for the conformal of the rotating band during firing.

薄壁弹药机械臂的柔性动力学建模与辨识研究

薄壁结构是机械设计中常用的结构形式,其柔性动力学问题一直是工程研究的前沿。针对具有薄壁结构特性的弹药机械臂,发展了一种基于板壳理论的弹药机械臂柔性多体动力学建模方法.我们在浮动参考坐标框架下,得到了Reissner-Mindlin壳结构的运动学方程,其中结构膜变形和弯曲变形与刚性运动的耦合,这是区别于实体结构的特点。为了克服壳体单元模拟中的膜锁定和剪切锁定问题,引入一种基于边中心的应变平滑DSG(ECSS-DSG)单元对结构离散.该方法可以获得更好的膜变形和弯曲变形行为,并且有效克服剪切自锁问题,在结构模态分析中表现出更好的效果.在此基础上,结合实验对弹药机械臂模型参数进行了辨识,并且对辨识模型在各种工况下的动态响应进行了验证,证明了本文方法具有良好的鲁棒性.本文的工作不仅可以为弹药机械臂的进一步研究提供理论支撑,而且可以为薄壁结构多体系统的动力学研究提供参考.

Whole-genome sequencing of monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia indicates multiple genetic risk factors for schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a common disorder with a high heritability, but its genetic architecture is still elusive.We implemented whole-genome sequencing(WGS) analysis of 8 families with monozygotic(MZ) twin pairs discordant for schizophrenia to assess potential association of de novo mutations(DNMs) or inherited variants with susceptibility to schizophrenia. Eight non-synonymous DNMs(including one splicing site) were identified and shared by twins, which were either located in previously reported schizophrenia risk genes(p.V24689 I mutation in TTN, p.S2506 T mutation in GCN1L1, IVS3+1G > T in DOCK1) or had a benign to damaging effect according to in silico prediction analysis. By searching the inherited rare damaging or loss-of-function(LOF) variants and common susceptible alleles from three classes of schizophrenia candidate genes, we were able to distill genetic alterations in several schizophrenia risk genes, including GAD1, PLXNA2, RELN and FEZ1. Four inherited copy number variations(CNVs; including a large deletion at 16p13.11) implicated for schizophrenia were identified in four families, respectively. Most of families carried both missense DNMs and inherited risk variants, which might suggest that DNMs, inherited rare damaging variants and common risk alleles together conferred to schizophrenia susceptibility. Our results support that schizophrenia is caused by a combination of multiple genetic factors, with each DNM/variant showing a relatively small effect size.

A Matrilineal Genetic Legacy from the Last Glacial Maximum Confers Susceptibility to Schizophrenia in Han Chinese

Mitochondrial dysfunction has been widely reported in schizophrenia patients. To dissect the matrilineal structure of Han Chinese with or without schizophrenia and to decipher the maternal influence and evolutionary history of schizophrenia, a total of 1212 schizophrenia patients and 1005 matched healthy controls, all of Han Chinese origin, were recruited in Hunan Province, China. We classified haplogroup for each individual based on mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） sequence variations and compared the haplogroup distribution pattern between cases and controls. Haplogroup B5a presented a higher frequency in cases than in controls （P = 0.02, OR = 1.67, 95% CI = [1.09, 2.56]）, and this result could be confirmed by permutation analysis. Age estimation of haplogroup B5a in cases revealed a much younger age than that of controls, which was coincident with the Northern Hemisphere deglaciation at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum. Analysis of complete mtDNA in five patients belonging to haplogroup B5a showed that this background effect might be caused by haplogroup- defining variants m.8584G〉A and m.10398A〉G. Our results showed that matrilineal risk factor for schizophrenia had an ancient origin and might acquire a predisposing effect on schizophrenia due to the environment change and/or orchestration with other nuclear genetic factors appeared recently in human evolutionary history.

An iterative interval analysis method based on Kriging-HDMR for uncertainty problems

In recent years,growing attention has been paid to the interval investigation of uncertainty problems.However,the contradiction between accuracy and efficiency always exists.In this paper,an iterative interval analysis method based on Kriging-HDMR(IIAMKH)is proposed to obtain the lower and upper bounds of uncertainty problems considering interval variables.Firstly,Kriging-HDMR method is adopted to establish the meta-model of the response function.Then,the Genetic Algorithm&Sequential Quadratic Programing(GA&SQP)hybrid optimization method is applied to search for the minimum/maximum values of the meta-model,and thus the corresponding uncertain parameters can be obtained.By substituting them into the response function,we can acquire the predicted interval.Finally,an iterative process is developed to improve the accuracy and stability of the proposed method.Several numerical examples are investigated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.Simulation results indicate that the presented IIAMKH can obtain more accurate results with fewer samples.

Reduced middle cingulate gyrus volume in late-onset schizophrenia in a Chinese Han population: a voxel-based structural MRI study

Dear Editor：Numerous magnetic resonance imaging（MRI）studies have demonstrated that patients with early-onset schizophrenia（EOS）have widespread structural abnormalities in the cortical gray matter[1],suggesting that neurobiological processes play a central role in the structural abnormalities underlying the pathophysiology of schizophrenia[2].In addition,volumetric abnormalities have been used to identify individuals at risk of mental states of