Strong internal electric field enhanced polysulfide trapping and ameliorates redox kinetics for lithium-sulfur battery

The shuttle effect of polysulfides is a major challenge for the commercialization of lithium-sulfur battery.The systematic modification of separators has the potential to solve these problems by enhancing the adsorption and catalytic conversion of polysulfides.Herein,strong internal electric field bismuth oxycarbonate(Bi_(2)O_(2)CO_(3))nanoflowers decorated conductive carbon(DC+BOC)is proposed to be systematically modified on separator.This intermediate layer not only possesses a strong affinity for polysulfides,but also promotes the conversion of polysulfides and induces the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)layer,thereby improving the rate performance and cycling stability of the battery.As expected,the modified membrane achieved a high specific capacity of 713 mA h g^(-1) at 5 C.At 1 C,high reversibility of 719 mA h g^(-1) was achieved after 550 cycles with only 0.044%decay per cycle.More importantly,under the sulfur loading of 5.1 mg cm^(-2),the area specific capacity remained at4.1 mA h cm^(-2) after 200 cycles,and the attenuation rate per cycle was only 0,056%.This work provides a new strategy to overcome the shuttle effect of polysulfide,and shows great potential in the application of high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries.

CO_(2) capture RD&D proceedings in China Huaneng Group

CO_(2) capture is an important carbon management route to mitigate the greenhouse gas emission in power sector.In recent years,China Huaneng Group(CHNG)has paid more attention on CO_(2)capture technology development and launched a series of R&D and demonstration projects.In the area of pre-combustion CO_(2) capture technology,GreenGen project initiated by CHNG is the first integrated gasification combined cycle(IGCC)power plant in China.Located in Tianjin,GreenGen aims at the development,demonstration and promotion of a near-zero emissions power plant.An IGCC plant of 250 MW has successfully passed full-scale trial operation.In the next phase,a pre-combustion CO_(2) capture unit will be integrated into the system.Pre-combustion process based on coal chemical process has been developed with lower costs successfully.Regarding to post-combustion CO_(2) capture(PCC),in 2008,CHNG built a 3,000 tpa CO_(2) capture plant,which was the first CO_(2) capture demonstration plant in China.In 2009,CHNG launched a PCC project in Shanghai with a capture capacity of 120,000 tpa CO_(2).Recently,Huaneng Clean Energy Research Institute(CERI)and Powerspan formed a joint venture,Huaneng-CERI-Powerspan(HCP).HCP has completed the technology qualification program to supply carbon capture technology for the CO_(2)capture Mongstad project.Besides these activities mentioned above,feasibility studies and system design for large scale PCC system,have been undertaken by CERI and its partners from Australia,US and Europe.

A GMM approach in coupling internal data and external summary information with heterogeneous data populations

Because of advances in data collection and storage,statistical analysis in modern scientific research and practice now has opportunities to utilize external information such as summary statistics from similar studies.A likelihood approach based on a parametric model assumption has been developed in the literature to utilize external summary information when the populations for external and main internal data are assumed to be the same.In this article,we instead consider the generalized estimation equation(GEE)approach for statistical inference,which is semiparametric or nonparametric,and show how to utilize external summary information even when internal and external data populations are not the same.Our approach is coupling the internal data and external summary information to form additional estimation equations and then applying the generalized method of moments(GMM).We show that the proposed GMM estimator is asymptotically normal and,under some conditions,is more efficient than the GEE estimator without using external summary information.Estimators of the asymptotic covariance matrix of the GMM estimators are also proposed.Simulation results are obtained to confirm our theory and quantify the improvements by utilizing external data.An example is also included for illustration.

Recent progress on electro-sorption technology for lithium recovery from aqueous sources

Lithium is known as the“white petroleum”of the electrification era,and the global demand for lithium grows rapidly with the quick development of new energy industry.The aqueous solutions,such as salt lake brine,underground brine,and seawater,have large lithium reserves,thus this kind of lithium resource has become a research hotspot recently.Compared with other lithium extraction technologies,electro-sorption method shows good prospects for practical applications with advantages in the aspects of efficiency,recovery ratio,cost,and environment.Herein,this review covers recent progress on electro-sorption technology for lithium recovery from aqueous solutions,including the concept illustration,research progress of the applied working electrodes and counter electrodes,and the evaluation indicators of electro-sorption system.Meanwhile,some prospects for the development of this technology are also proposed.We hope this review is beneficial for the construction of high-efficient electrochemical lithium recovery system to achieve an adequate lithium supply in the future.

Exosome-transported circHDAC1_004 Promotes Proliferation, Migration, and Angiogenesis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by the miR-361-3p/NACC1 Axis

Background and Aims:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is among the most common malignant tumors globally.Circular RNAs(circRNAs),as a type of noncoding RNAs,reportedly participate in various tumor biological processes.However,the role of circHDAC1_004 in HCC remains unclear.Thus,we aimed to explore the role and the underlying mechanisms of circHDAC1_004 in the development and progression of HCC.Methods:Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)was used to detect circHDAC1_004 expression(circ_0005339)in HCC.Sanger sequencing and agarose gel electrophoresis were used to determine the structure of circHDAC1_004.In vitro and in vivo experiments were used to determine the biological function of circHDAC1_004 in HCC.Herein,qRT-PCR,RNA immunoprecipitation,western blotting,and a luciferase reporter assay were used to explore the relationships among circHDAC1_004,miR-361-3p,and NACC1.Results:circHDAC1_004 was upregulated in HCC and significantly associated with poor overall survival.circHDAC1_004 promoted HCC cell proliferation,stemness,migration,and invasion.In addition,circHDAC1_004 upregulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)and promoted angiogenesis through exosomes.circHDAC1_004 promoted NACC1 expression and stimulated the epithelialmesenchymal transition pathway by sponging miR-361-3p.Conclusions:We found that circHDAC1_004 overexpression enhanced the proliferation,stemness,and metastasis of HCC via the miR-361-3p/NACC1 axis and promoted HCC angiogenesis through exosomes.Our findings may help develop a possible therapeutic strategy for HCC.

Construction of multiple concentration gradients for single-cell level drug screening

Isolation and manipulation of single cells play a crucial role in drug screening.However,previously reported single-cell drug screening lacked multiple-dose concentration gradient studies,which limits their ability to predict drug performance accurately.To solve this problem,we constructed a multiconcentration gradient generator in which a Tai Chi-spiral mixer can accelerate solution mixing in a short time and produce a linear concentration gradient.Later,a gradient generator combined with a single-cell capture array was adopted to investigate the effects of single or combined doses of 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin on human hepatoma cells and human breast carcinoma cells(at the single-cell level).The results showed that both drugs were effective in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells,and the combination was more effective for human hepatoma cells.In addition,the relationship between the biomechanical heterogeneity(e.g.,deformability and size)of tumor cells and potential drug resistance at the single-cellevel was investigated,indicating that small and/or deformable cells were more resistant than large and/or less deformable cells.The device provides a simple and reliable platform for studying the optimal dosage of different drug candidates at the single-cell level and effectively screening single-agent chemotherapy regimens and combination therapies.

The Spectrum and Age-Sex Patterns Among Outpatients with Allergic Diseases—Yichang City,Hubei Province,China,2018–2021

What is already known about this topic?Allergic diseases have affected an estimated 40%of the population in China.However,our understanding of the full spectrum of these diseases remains insufficient.What is added by this report?Between 2018 and 2021,Yichang City documented 625,929 outpatient visits mainly related to skin and mucous membrane allergies(77.90%)and allergic respiratory conditions(19.64%).In 2021,the occurrence of outpatient visits for conditions such as allergic rhinitis,acute atopic conjunctivitis,and atopic dermatitis increased.The demographic analysis revealed that male patients comprised the majority of the under 18 age bracket(56.05%),while female patients were predominantly represented in the 18 to 65 age bracket(61.79%).What are the implications for public health practice?This constitutes the first analysis of the spectrum of allergic diseases,utilizing regional outpatient data,which has substantial implications for understanding the disease burden.

Stress-deconcentrated ultrasensitive strain sensor with hydrogen-bonding-tuned fracture resilience for robust biomechanical monitoring

Recently,rapid advances in flexible strain sensors have broadened their application scenario in monitoring of various mechanophysiological signals.Among various strain sensors,the crack-based strain sensors have drawn increasing attention in monitoring subtle mechanical deformation due to their high sensitivity.However,early generation and rapid propagation of cracks in the conductive sensing layer result in a narrow working range,limiting their application in monitoring large biomechanical signals.Herein,we developed a stress-deconcentrated ultrasensitive strain(SDUS)sensor with ultrahigh sensitivity(gauge factor up to2.3×10^(6))and a wide working range(0%-50%)via incorporating notch-insensitive elastic substrate and microcrack-tunable conductive layer.Furthermore,the highly elastic amine-based polymer-modified polydimethylsiloxane substrate without obvious hysteresis endows our SDUS sensor with a rapid response time(2.33 ms)to external stimuli.The accurate detection of the radial pulse,joint motion,and vocal cord vibration proves the capability of SDUS sensor for healthcare monitoring and human-machine communications.

BrΦnsted acid-promoted ‘on-water’ C(sp^3)-H functionalization fot the synthesis of isoindolinone/[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives targeting the SKP2-CKS1 interaction

The isoindolinone and biaryl scaffolds are prevalent in natural products and drug molecules,which have showed broad and interesting biological activities.The efficient construction of such hybridized molecules and biological evaluation are of great interest to medicinal chemistry community.In this communication,we report an efficient BrΦnsted acid-promoted C(sp^3)-H functionalization approach that enables the rapid construction of biologically important isoindolinone/[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine hybrids from 5-methyl-7-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine,2-formylbenzoic acid and various anilines.The title compounds were generated in high to excellent yields(up to 96%)regardless of the electronic nature and steric effects of the substituents.In this reaction,an isoindolinone scaffold,one C-C single bond,and two C-N bonds were formed simultaneously with high atom economy.In this work,we have envisioned that the methyl group linked to the electron-deficient Nheterocycles could be used as a new synthetic handle for late-state diversification and may have broad applications in the field of organic and medicinal chemistry.Besides,the title compounds have exhibited promising activity against the SKP2-CKS1 interaction.

Microfluidic Device： A Miniaturized Platform for Chemical Reactions

Microfluidic devices, as a new miniaturized platform stemming from the field of micro-electromechanical sys-tems, have been used in many disciplines. In the field of chemical reactions, microfluidic device-based microreac-tors have shown great promise in building new chemical technologies and processes with increased speed and reli- ability and reduced sample consumption and cost. This technology has also become a new and effective tool for precise, high-throughput, and automatic analysis of chemical synthesis processes. Compared with conventional chemical laboratory batch methodologies, microfluidic reactors have a number of features, such as high mixing ef- ficiency, short reaction time, high heat-transfer coefficient, small reactant volume, controllable residence time, and high surface-to-volume ratio, among others. Combined with recent advances in microfluidic devices for chemical reactions, this review aims to give an overview of the features and applications of microfluidic devices in the field of chemical synthesis. It also aims to stimulate the development of microfluidic device applications in the field of chemical reactions.

Burden of Skin Disease—China,1990−2019

Summary What is already known about this topic?Skin diseases are common,affect society and individuals,and have high incidences to relapse,which reduces the quality of life.In 2019,skin diseases were the seventh leading global causes of years lived with disability(YLDs).What is added by this report?All-age disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)and YLDs from skin diseases have been steadily increasing in China from 1990 through 2019,although with a decline in the standardized rate of years of life lost(YLLs).In 2019,dermatitis was the leading cause of YLLs among people over the age of 15 years,while viral skin diseases had the greatest burden among people under 15 years.Acne vulgaris increased significantly among people aged 15–49 years,and psoriasis increased among people over 50 years.The male∶female ratio of DALYs lost due to skin disease did not change between 1990 and 2019.

Construction of mechanically robust superamphiphobic surfaces on fiber using large particles

Superamphiphobic surfaces have attracted the attention of researchers because of their broad application prospects.Currently,superamphiphobicity is primarily achieved by minimizing the solid-liquid contact area.Over the past few decades,researchers have primarily focused on using physical deposition methods to construct superamphiphobic surfaces using fine-sized nanoparticles(<100 nm).However,porous hollow SiO_(2)particles(PH-SiO_(2)),which aretypically large spheres,have a highly hierarchical structure and can provide lower solid-liquid contact fractions than those provided byfine-sized particles.In this study,we used PH-SiO_(2)as building blocks and combined them with poly(dimethylsiloxane)to construct a mechanically robust coating on fiber by spray-coating.After chemical vapordeposition treatment,the coating exhibited excellent superamphiphobicity and could repel various liquids,covering a wide rangeof surfacetensions(27.4-72.0mN-m^(-1)).