Background The levels of resource losses due to coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and mental distress may change during the pandemic period.Based on the Conservation of Resource(COR)Theory,this study investigated such...Background The levels of resource losses due to coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and mental distress may change during the pandemic period.Based on the Conservation of Resource(COR)Theory,this study investigated such changes and the mediation between survey time(Round 2 versus Round 1)and depression via resource losses.Methods Two serial random population-based telephone surveys interviewed 209 and 458 Hong Kong Chinese adults in April 2020 and May 2021,respectively.Probable depression was defined as 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)score≥10.The validated Conservation of Resources Scale for COVID-19(CORS-COVID-19)scale was used to assess resource losses due to COVID-19.Multivariable logistic regression analysis,hierarchical logistic regression analysis,and structural equation modeling(SEM)was conducted to test the association,interaction,and mediation hypotheses,respectively.Results The prevalence of probable depression declined from 8.6%to 1.0%over time,together with reductions in losses of financial resource(Cohen’s d=0.88),future control(Cohen’s d=0.39),social resource(Cohen’s d=0.60),and family resource(Cohen’s d=0.36)due to COVID-19.All the overall scale/subscales of the CORS-COVID-19 were positively and associated with probable depression[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)ranged from 2.72 to 42.30].In SEM,the survey time was negatively associated with the latent variable of resource loss(β=−0.46),which in turn was positively associated with probable depression(β=0.73).In addition,the direct effect of survey time on probable depression was statistically non-significant(β=−0.08),indicating a full mediation effect of resource losses.Conclusions The lessening of the resource losses might have fully accounted for the significant decline in probable depression from Month 3 to 15 since the first COVID-19 outbreak in Hong Kong,China.The level of depression might have increased during the first phase of the pandemic,but might decline in the later phases if resources losses could be lessened.All stakeholders should hence work together to minimize individuals’COVID-19-related resource losses to prevent depression in the general population,as COVID-19 might be lasting.展开更多
BACKGROUND The Chinese government implemented a metropolitan-wide quarantine of Wuhan city on 23rd January 2020 to curb the epidemic of the coronavirus COVID-19.Lifting of this quarantine is imminent.We modelled the e...BACKGROUND The Chinese government implemented a metropolitan-wide quarantine of Wuhan city on 23rd January 2020 to curb the epidemic of the coronavirus COVID-19.Lifting of this quarantine is imminent.We modelled the effects of two key health interventions on the epidemic when the quarantine is lifted.展开更多
文摘Background The levels of resource losses due to coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)and mental distress may change during the pandemic period.Based on the Conservation of Resource(COR)Theory,this study investigated such changes and the mediation between survey time(Round 2 versus Round 1)and depression via resource losses.Methods Two serial random population-based telephone surveys interviewed 209 and 458 Hong Kong Chinese adults in April 2020 and May 2021,respectively.Probable depression was defined as 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)score≥10.The validated Conservation of Resources Scale for COVID-19(CORS-COVID-19)scale was used to assess resource losses due to COVID-19.Multivariable logistic regression analysis,hierarchical logistic regression analysis,and structural equation modeling(SEM)was conducted to test the association,interaction,and mediation hypotheses,respectively.Results The prevalence of probable depression declined from 8.6%to 1.0%over time,together with reductions in losses of financial resource(Cohen’s d=0.88),future control(Cohen’s d=0.39),social resource(Cohen’s d=0.60),and family resource(Cohen’s d=0.36)due to COVID-19.All the overall scale/subscales of the CORS-COVID-19 were positively and associated with probable depression[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)ranged from 2.72 to 42.30].In SEM,the survey time was negatively associated with the latent variable of resource loss(β=−0.46),which in turn was positively associated with probable depression(β=0.73).In addition,the direct effect of survey time on probable depression was statistically non-significant(β=−0.08),indicating a full mediation effect of resource losses.Conclusions The lessening of the resource losses might have fully accounted for the significant decline in probable depression from Month 3 to 15 since the first COVID-19 outbreak in Hong Kong,China.The level of depression might have increased during the first phase of the pandemic,but might decline in the later phases if resources losses could be lessened.All stakeholders should hence work together to minimize individuals’COVID-19-related resource losses to prevent depression in the general population,as COVID-19 might be lasting.
基金This work is supported by a research grant from the Bill&Melinda Gates Foundation.L.Z.is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(8191101420)Outstanding Young Scholars Funding,China(Grant number:3111500001)+4 种基金Xi’an Jiaotong University Young Talent Support ProgramXi'an Jiaotong University Basic Research and Profession Grant(xtr022019003).M.S.was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.11801435),China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant no.2018M631134)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(grant no.xjh012019055,xzy032020026)Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(grant no.2019JQ-187)and Xi'an Special Science and Technology Projects on Prevention and Treatment of Novel Coronavirus Penumonia Emergency(grant no.20200005YX005).
文摘BACKGROUND The Chinese government implemented a metropolitan-wide quarantine of Wuhan city on 23rd January 2020 to curb the epidemic of the coronavirus COVID-19.Lifting of this quarantine is imminent.We modelled the effects of two key health interventions on the epidemic when the quarantine is lifted.