高海拔对轴流风机性能影响的数值分析

在高海拔地区,大气压强和空气密度降低,对轴流风机的性能产生影响。针对NACA 65(1)-412翼型的轴流风机,采用数值计算的方法,得到了不同安装角在海拔高度为0,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0km的全压、轴功率、效率与体积流量之间关系的性能曲线,结合流场分析高海拔对轴流风机性能的影响。结果表明,安装角为30°、40°、50°的轴流风机,其效率随着海拔高度的增加而降低。并且安装角为30°的轴流风机,其效率受海拔高度的影响最大。在相同工况下,在海拔高度0km的效率比5.0km处高43.2%。轴流风机最大效率点所对应的体积流量随着安装角的增加而增加,安装角60°与安装角30°的轴流风机相比,体积流量增加了76%。安装角为60°的轴流风机在海拔高度2.0km处效率最高,这是由于风机出口靠近壁面处的涡流最小,且流场出口处回流现象弱。

miR-144-3p通过靶向调控IRS1抑制肺腺癌细胞的侵袭和转移

背景与目的 MicroRNAs(miRNAs)是短的非编码RNA,是能够调控基因表达、影响细胞过程、促进疾病发展的重要分子。在许多疾病中可以观察到miRNA表达的变化,包括肝炎、心血管疾病和癌症。本研究旨在探讨miR-144-3p靶向调控胰岛素受体底物1(insulin receptor substrate 1, IRS1)对肺腺癌细胞侵袭和转移的影响。方法通过生物信息学数据库查询miR-144-3p在肺腺癌患者中的表达情况;利用mir Tar Pathway对miRNA进行KEGG通路富集分析;定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应(quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, qRT-PCR)检测miR-144-3p在肺腺癌细胞系中的表达情况与质粒转染效率;Transwell实验检测不同组细胞侵袭迁移能力的变化。生物信息学确定miR-144-3p的关键基因(Hub基因);双荧光素酶靶标实验检测miR-144和IRS1的相互结合情况;Western blot实验检测IRS1在不同细胞系的表达及过表达miR-144后IRS1的表达情况。结果 miR-144-3p在肺腺癌组织中表达降低,q RT-PCR结果提示miR-144-3p在肺腺癌细胞A549中的表达显著降低(P<0.05)且过表达质粒转染成功(P<0.05);过表达miR-144后,细胞的迁移、侵袭和增殖能力下降(P<0.05);IRS1在肺腺癌组织中表达上调;生存分析表明高表达IRS1的肺腺癌患者预后不良(P<0.05);双荧光素酶实验结果显示,miR-144可特异识别IRS1的3’-UTR抑制报告酶的表达(P<0.05);Western blot结果提示IRS1在A549细胞中表达升高(P<0.05),过表达miR-144后,IRS1蛋白表达水平下降(P<0.05);Transwell实验证明,miR-144-3p可通过靶向调控IRS1抑制肺腺癌细胞的侵袭和转移(P<0.05)。结论 miR-144-3p通过靶向调控IRS1抑制A549细胞的侵袭和迁移能力,进而在肿瘤中发挥抑癌作用。

DERL3影响肺腺癌细胞A549增殖、侵袭转移的机制

背景与目的内质网蛋白降解3(Derlin 3,DERL3)的表达水平与结直肠癌患者的淋巴转移与远处转移密切相关,然而其在肺腺癌中的表达和生物学行为研究甚少。本研究旨在探讨DERL3在肺腺癌组织中的异位表达及其对肺腺癌A549细胞系侵袭转移的影响,以揭示其影响肺腺癌侵袭转移的可能机制。方法肺腺癌微阵列基因芯片分析有无淋巴结转移肺腺癌组织各3例。GEDS与Kaplan-Meier plot查询DERL3在癌症中表达情况与生存曲线。采用Western blot检测细胞中DERL3表达与质粒转染效率。敲低DERL3基因后,采用Transwell检测肺腺癌细胞穿过小室基底膜的数量。采用5-乙炔基-2′脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(EDU)检测细胞增殖能力。采用Western blot方法检测与上皮间质转化相关的E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)和波形蛋白(Vimentin)的表达情况。结果微阵列基因芯片结果显示有淋巴结转移的肺腺癌组织中总共有400个表达下调的mRNAs、1,314个上调的mRNAs。DERL3在肺腺癌组织中明显上调(P<0.05)。生存曲线结果显示DERL3高表达肺癌患者的预后差(P<0.05)。Western blot结果提示质粒敲除成功。敲低DERL3后细胞增殖、迁移与侵袭能力受到抑制(P<0.05)。敲低DERL3后,Vimentin表达水平下降,E-cadherin表达上升(P<0.05)。结论敲低DERL3基因可抑制A549细胞系的增殖、侵袭与转移能力。

Casticin combination with Cisplatin in sub-toxic concentration induced apoptosis of human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells in vitro

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of Casticin (CAS) combination with Cisplatin (DDP) in sub-toxic concentration on apoptosis of human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells in vitro and unravel the associated mechanisms. Methods: Human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells were cultured in vitro. The inhibitory effect of CAS combination with DDP in sub-toxic concentration on viability of human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells was evaluated by the MTT assay. Morphological changes of cell apoptosis were detected by Hoechst 33258 staining assay. Cell apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry. The protein expression level was analyzed by Western blot. Results: CAS in sub-toxic concentration and DDP in sub-toxic concentration could slightly inhibit Human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells, but CAS combination with DDP in sub-toxic concentration significantly inhibited the growth of HO-8910 cells, and growth inhibition rate was increased drastically compared with the control group (P﹤0.01), and the inhibiting effect showed synergistic action. Human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells showed the typical morphological changes of apoptosis and apoptosis rate markedly increased when they were exposed to CAS combination with DDP in sub-toxic concentration for 48 h. Western blot showed that the expression of bcl-2 protein was down-regulated and protein level of caspase-3 was activated by CAS combination with DDP in sub-toxic concentration. Conclusion: CAS combination with DDP in sub-toxic concentration could inhibit the cells growth and lead to cell apoptosis in human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells. And the down-regulation of bcl-2 protein expression and activation of caspase-3 protein might contribute to CAS combination with DDP in sub-toxic concentration in human cancer HO-8910 cells.

Ore prospecting model and targets for the Dashuigou tellurium deposit, Sichuan Province, China

The Dashuigou tellurium(Te) deposit in Shimian city, Sichuan Province is the only known independent Te ore deposit in China. Samples were collected by1/50,000 stream sediment survey and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry, X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, emission spectrometry, and atomic absorption spectroscopy. An ore prospecting model for the Dashuigou Te deposit was then established. In the Dashuigou area, bismuth(Bi), Te, and gold(Au) concentrations in stream sediment samples displayed weak-positive anomalies, while silver(Ag) displayed a weaknegative anomaly. Bi, Te, Ag, and Au anomalies are regarded as indicators of Te deposits; the greater the ratio of Te+Bi/Au+Ag, the larger the possibility of an independent tellurobismuthite deposit. The ratio calculated from our samples is 7.288. Five locations were identified for prospecting for Te minerals by this model, including the northern part of the Dashuigou Te deposit, Majiagou,Tizigou, southeastern Miaoping, and northern Baishuihe.These five regions are within the Dashuigou dome anticline, the exposed strata of which are controlled by tracing the tensile shear fracture; the metallogenic geological conditions and geochemical characteristics are the same as those of the known Dashuigou Te deposit. Already, Te–Bi veins have been found in some of these areas.

Effects of the anti-tumor composition ofthe acetoacetate extract of vitex negundoseed on the growth of human cervical carcinomaxenografts in nude mice

Objective： The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of the anti-tumor composition of the acetoacetate extract of Vitex Negundo Seed （EVn-50） on the growth of human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells xenografts in nude mica and its possible molecular mechanism. Methods： Models of human cervical cancer HeLa cells xenografts transplanted subcuta- neously in nude mice were established and randomly divided into 7 groups （each group including 5 nude mice）： saline group, Taxol group, EVn-50 group, comp-6 group, comp-7 group, comp-8 group and comp-10 group. The volume and weight of Xe- nograts were observed and compared. The alteration of the weight of nude mice, and the change of serum levels ofLDH, ALT, Cr and WBC counts were examined and compared. The apoptotic rate of human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells xenografts was analyzed by FCM. The expressions of P53 and Bcl-2 proteins of HeLa cells xenografts were determined by Western blot- ting. Results： EVn-50 and its fractionated extracts could significantly suppress the increasing volume and weight of human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells xenografts in nude mice models in time-dependent manner, yet had no significant effect on the weight of nude mice, the serum levels of LDH, ALT, Cr and WBC were counted. When the xenografts were treated with EVn-50 and its fractionated extracts for 16 days, the apoptotic rate of xenografts cells were significantly increased, and the expression of P53 protein was up-regulated and protein level of Bcl-2 was decreased. Conclusion： EVn-50 and its fractionated extracts could suppress the growth of human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells xenografts in nude mice, which may be related to its pro- motion on xenografts cells apoptosis through down-regulation of Bcl-2 expressionPand activation of P53 expression.

Claudin 18.2 is a potential therapeutic target for zolbetuximab in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is frequently diagnosed and treated in advanced tumor stages with poor prognosis.More effective screening programs and novel therapeutic means are urgently needed.Recent studies have regarded tight junction protein claudin 18.2(CLDN18.2)as a candidate target for cancer treatment,and zolbetuximab(formerly known as IMAB362)has been developed against CLDN18.2.However,there are few data reported thus far related to the clinicopathological characteristics of CLDN18.2 expression for PDAC.AIM To investigate the expression of CLDN18.2 in PDAC patients and subsequently propose a new target for the treatment of PDAC.METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas,Genotype-Tissue Expression,Gene Expression Omnibus,and European Genome-phenome Archive databases were first employed to analyze the CLDN18 gene expression in normal pancreatic tissue compared to that in pancreatic cancer tissue.Second,we analyzed the expression of CLDN18.2 in 93 primary PDACs,86 para-cancer tissues,and 13 normal pancreatic tissues by immunohistochemistry.Immunostained tissues were assessed applying the histoscore.subsequently,they fell into two groups according to the expression state of CLDN18.2.Furthermore,the correlations between CLDN18.2 expression and diverse clinicopathological characteristics,including survival,were investigated.RESULTS The gene expression of CLDN18 was statistically higher(P<0.01)in pancreatic tumors than in normal tissues.However,there was no significant correlation between CLDN18 expression and survival in pancreatic cancer patients.CLDN18.2 was expressed in 88(94.6%)of the reported PDACs.Among these tumors,50(56.8%)cases showed strong immunostaining.The para-cancer tissues were positive in 81(94.2%)cases,among which 32(39.5%)of cases were characterized for strong staining intensities.Normal pancreatic tissue was identified solely via weak immunostaining.Finally,CLDN18.2 expression significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis,nerve invasion,stage,and survival of PDAC patients,while there was no correlation between CLDN18.2 expression and localization,tumor size,patient age and sex,nor any other clinicopathological characteristic.CONCLUSION CLDN18.2 expression is frequently increased in PDAC patients.Thus,it may act as a potential therapeutic target for zolbetuximab in PDAC.

Proliferation inhibition of human cervical cancer HeLa cells by Casticin in vitro

Objective： The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of Casticin on proliferation inhibition of human cervical cancer HeLa cells in vitro and to unravel the associated mechanisms. Methods： Human cervical HeLa cells were cultured in vitro. The inhibitory effect of Casticin on the viability of human cervical cancer HeLa ceils was evaluated by the MTT assay. The colony formation ability was detected by plate colony formation assay. Distribution of cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry. The protein expression levels were analyzed by Western blot. Results： Casticin significantly inhibited the growth of human cervical cancer HeLa cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and the IC50 was 2.82 μg/mL. The colony-forming rate was reduced drastically compared with control group （P 〈 0.05）. The cells were markedly arrested at G2/M phase after the treatment of Casticin for 48 h. Western blot showed that the expression of p21 protein was up-regulated and protein level of Cyctin B1 was depressed by Casticin in a concentration dependent manner. Conclusion： Casticin could inhibit the cell growth and lead to cell arrest in human cervical cancer HeLa cells, and the down-regulation of Cyclin B1 protein expression and activation of p21 protein might contribute to Casticin induced cell arrest in human cervical cancer HeLa cells.

Mechanism of induction apoptosis of Onychin in ovarian cells in vitro

Objective： The aim of the study was to investigate the possible mechanism of induction apoptosis of Onychin （ONY） in ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells in vitro. Methods： Human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells were cultured in vitro. Inhibi- tory effect of ONY on the viability of HO-8910 cells was evaluated by the MTT assay. Apoptosis of HO-8910 cells treated with different concentrations of ONY for 48 h was detected by FCM. Expression of proteins related to apoptosis was analyzed by Western blot. Results： ONY significantly inhibited the viability of human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, and the ICso was 10.48 pg/mL for 48 h. The cells treated with ONY showed typical morphological change of apoptosis and increased cells of sub-G1 population by FCM in a dose-dependent. Western blot showed that ex- pression of Bax, cytochrome C, caspase-9 and caspase-3 proteins were upregulated and protein level of Bcl-2 was depressed after treatment with ONY in a concentration dependent. Conclusion： Apoptosis of ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells was induced by ONY through mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in vitro.

Mode of delivery and its associated maternal and neonatal outcomes

Aim: To determine the association between the mode of delivery and selected neonatal and maternal morbidities and outcomes in NSW, during 1998-2008. Methods: This study is a retrospective review of NSW Midwives Data Collection (MDC) of 981,178 deliveries during 1998-2008. Maternal condition and neonatal outcomes were compared for different modes of delivery. Results: The annual rate of caesarean section has steadily increased from 19% to 31.1% with a mean of 25.9% during the study period. The risk of neonatal death was higher for forceps-assisted delivery compared to vacuum-assisted delivery (adjusted odds ratio 0.85%, 95% CI 0.52 - 1.37), caesarean section (adjusted odds ratio 1.14%, 95% CI 1.01 - 1.3) and normal vaginal delivery. Operative vaginal delivery and caesarean section had significantly increased risk for maternal mortality compared to normal vaginal delivery. Conclusions: There is an association between maternal and neonatal outcome and mode of delivery. Mothers and babies with normal vaginal delivery achieved better outcomes in this community. Caesarean section and operative vaginal delivery are associated with significant maternal and neonatal risk. Breech vaginal delivery carries a significant neonatal risk. More future prospective analyses, such as multicentre controlled studies, should be designed to determine whether and how much the adverse pregnancy outcomes were caused by unnecessary surgical and operative vaginal delivery.

Meta-Analysis of Bushen Huoxue Method in the Treatment of Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion Due to Prethrombotic State

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Bushen Huoxue prescription in the treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion(RSA)due to prethrombotic state(PTS).Methods:Databases such as CNKI,WanFang,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Embase,and Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials on Bushen Huoxue prescription in treating RSA due to PTS from inception to March 2021;meta-analysis was performed by RevMan Version 5.3.0 following quality evaluation.Results:Seven trials were included,with 496 patients;the meta-analysis indicated that Bushen Huoxue prescription has advantages on the improvement of total clinical effective rate[RR=1.22,95%CI(1.10,1.35),Z=3.80(P=0.0001)],embryo survival rate at pregnancy of 12 weeks[RR=1.25,95%CI(1.10,1.41),Z=3.53(P=0.0004)],D-dimer levels[SMD=-1.59,95%CI(-2.20,-0.97),Z=5.07(P<0.00001)],and fibrinogen levels[MD=-1.00,95%CI(-1.29,-0.70),Z=6.61(P<0.00001)],but the statistical heterogeneity was significant;in terms of incidence of adverse reactions,there was no statistical difference between Bushen Huoxue prescription and western medicine.Conclusion:Compared with western medicine alone,Bushen Huoxue prescription alone or in combination with western medicine showed significant advantages in improving the overall clinical efficiency,embryonic survival rate at 12 weeks of pregnancy,and reducing D-dimer values as well as fibrinogen levels,without any significant difference in the incidence of adverse effects;however,the number of included studies is small and there are drawbacks,such as small sample size and low quality;therefore,high-quality clinical studies with large sample size and rigorous trial designs are needed in the future to provide a reliable basis for the effectiveness and safety of TCM in reducing the incidence of RSA due to prethrombotic state.

Induction of apoptosis of human ovarian cancer cells by SGI-1776 combination with DDP in sub-toxic concentration in vitro

Objective： The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of SG1-1776 combination with DDP in sub-toxic concentration on induction of apoptosis of human ovarian cancer HO-8910 ceiis in vitro and to unravei the associated mechanisms. Methods： Human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells were cultured in vitro. The inhibitory effect of SG1-1776 combination with DDP in sub-toxic concentration on induction on viability of human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells was evaiuated by the MTT assay. Cell apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry. The proteins expression level related to apoptosis were analyzed by Western blot. Results： SG1-1776 combination with DDP in sub-toxic concentration significantiy inhibited the proliferation of human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells, and proliferation inhibition rate was increased drastically compared with normai saline （NS） group or DDP group in sub-toxic concentration or SG1-1776 group in sub-toxic concentration （P 〈 0.01）. Apoptosis rate markedly increased after the treatment of SG1-1776 combination with DDP in sub-toxic concentration for 48 h. Western blot showed that the expression of bcl-2 protein was down-regulated and protein level of Bax and Cyto-c were depressed by SG1-1776 combination with DDP in sub-toxic concentration. Cenclusion： SG1-1776 combination with DDP in sub-toxic concentration could inhibit the cell proliferation and lead to cell apoptosis inhuman ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells, and its mechanism may be related to through mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.

The inhibiting effects of Laggera alata flavone on human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells proliferation and its mechanism in vitro

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Laggera alata flavonen （LAF） on the inhibit- ing effect of human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells proliferation and its possible mechanism in vitro. Methods： Human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells were cultured in vitro. Inhibitory effect of LAF on the viability of HO-8910 cells was evaluated by the MTT assay. Apoptotic effect of different concentrations of LAF on HO-8910 cells was assessed by AO/EB staining and FCM with propidium iodide （PI） staining. Expression of proteins related to apoptosis was analyzed by Western blot. Results： LAF significantly inhibited the viability of HO-8910 cells proliferation in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, there were statistical significance compared with NS group （P 〈 0.05）, and the ICso was 4.28 pg/mL for 48 h. The cells treated with LAF showed typical morphological change and apoptotic rate increased by FCM in a dose-dependent, and there was notable dif- ference compared with NS group （P 〈 0.05）. Western blot showed that expression of Fas, caspase-8, tBid and Cyto-c proteins were up-regulated after treatment with LAF for 48 h in a concentration dependent. Conclusion： LAF could inhibit HO-8910 cells proliferation and induce apoptosis, which may be through the pathway of death receptor in vitro.

A novel derivative of Genistein inhibits proliferation of ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells by regulating reactive oxygen species

Objective To investigate the anticancer effect of a novel derivative of genistein(5-hydroxy-4’-nitro-7-propionyloxy-genistein,HNPG)on human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells and its possible molecular mechanism.Methods HO-8910 cells were cultured in vitro,and the inhibitory effect of HNPG on proliferation was determined using MTT[3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide]assay.The effect of HNPG on inducing apoptosis was examined using FCM with Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide staining.The effect of HNPG on regulating reactive oxygen species(ROS)was measured using FCM with 2’,7’-di chlorodihydro-fluorescein diacetate staining.The effect of HNPG on modulating mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)was determined using FCM with lipophilic cationic dye 2(6 Amino 3 imino 3H xanthen 9 yl)benzoic acid methyl ester(Rh123)staining.The bioactivity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)and the content of glutathione(GSH)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were detected using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay.The related apoptotic proteins,including bcl-2,bax,cyt-c,and cleavedcaspase-3,were assessed using western blotting.Results HNPG exhibited dramatic antitumor activity against HO-8910 cells in vitro,inhibited proliferation,and induced apoptosis in a time-and dose-dependent manner.These effects were accompanied by reduced bioactivity of SOD and CAT,reduced GSH content,and enhanced MDA content.Simultaneously,the amount of ROS was increased and the level of MMP was reduced,along with upregulation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathway-related proteins,bax,cyt-c,and cleaved-caspase-3;bcl-2 protein was downregulated.Conclusion HNPG inhibited proliferation of human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells in vitro,which might be related to decreased bioactivity of SOD and CAT.HNPG also reduced GSH content,which resulted in ROS accumulation in cells,damaged the integrity of mitochondrial membrane,and induced cell apoptosis.

Research on the Motives of the Qualification Problem of Assets Valuation Industry in China——Study Based on Questionnaire and Factor Analysis

The assets valuation industry in China is the product, which comes from the reform and open policy and the development of the socialist market economy. Under more than 20 years of development which begins to bud in the beginning of the nineteen nineties, the assets valuation industry has become the indispensable Intermediary trade of the socialist market economy system in China. With the scale of assets valuation agency enlarging and its rapidly growing business in recent years, however, some problems have been exposed gradually, which harm the social image of the industry of asset valuation seriously. So the social public and the relevant administrative departments pay close attention on the quality of the asset valuation. To know about what are the essential causes that affect the assets valuation industry managers＇ decision, this paper, through using some means which include literature research, interview and questionnaire investigation and utilizing the method of the factor analysis, relegates 24 questions which come from some answers of the respondents to three factors which are the practicing quality factor, the sting factor of an organization and the internal management factor of valuation organization. Furthermore, it will analyze the features of these factors which are divided into two factors that are internal motivation and external motivation, looking for the key cause of the assets valuation industry quality problem of China which purposes in order to promote the healthy development of valuation profession and much better standard the internal quality of valuation industry of China.

Study on Prevention and Treatment of Autophagy and Cervical HPV Infection by Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Pathogenesis of "Syndrome of Dampness-heat Diffusing Downward"

Autophagy is a self-protection mechanism of the body,and also an important physiological process for cells to maintain internal environment stability.Studies have shown that the degree of autophagy damage is positively correlated with the expression of oncogenes,and the expression of oncogenes is closely related to cervical HPV infection,so the control of autophagy ability can interfere with cervical HPV virus infection.Traditional Chinese medicine believes that dampness-heat evil down,can damage and Chong Ren cell.The author believes that autophagy damage and the theory of dampness-heat injection in cervical HPV infection have similar pathogenic mechanism,and explores the prevention and treatment of autophagy and cervical HPV infection based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine dampness-heat injection,in attempt to provide a new treatment for clinical prevention and treatment.

Electrical stimulation with polypyrrole-coated polycaprolactone/silk fibroin scaffold promotes sacral nerve regeneration by modulating macrophage polarisation

Peripheral nerve injury poses a great threat to neurosurgery and limits the regenerative potential of sacral nerves in the neurogenic bladder.It remains unknown whether electrical stimulation can facilitate sacral nerve regeneration in addition to modulate bladder function.The objective of this study was to utilise electrical stimulation in sacra nerve crush injury with newly constructed electroconductive scaffold and explore the role of macrophages in electrical stimulation with crushed nerves.As a result,we generated a polypyrrole-coated polycaprolactone/silk fibroin scaffold through which we applied electrical stimulation.The electrical stimulation boosted nerve regeneration and polarised the macrophages towards the M2 phenotype.An in vitro test using bone marrow derived macrophages revealed that the pro-regenerative polarisation of M2 were significantly enhanced by electrical stimulation.Bioinformatics analysis showed that the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcriptions(STATs)was differentially regulated in a way that promoted M2-related genes expression.Our work indicated the feasibility of electricals stimulation used for sacral nerve regeneration and provided a firm demonstration of a pivotal role which macrophages played in electrical stimulation.

Zearalenone induces apoptosis and autophagy by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling in porcine trophectoderm cells

Zearalenone(ZEA),a mycotoxin produced mainly by fungi belonging to Fusarium species in foods and feeds,causes a serious hazard to humans and animals.Numerous studies have revealed that ingesting ZEA can disrupt the reproductive function and impair the reproductive process in animals.This experiment was to investigate the toxicological effect and the mechanism of ZEA exposure on reproduction in pigs during early stages of pregnancy.In the present study,we treated with 0 to 80μmol/L ZEA for 12 or 24 h in trophoblast ectoderm(pTr)cells.The results showed that ZEA had significantly decreased cell proliferation(P<0.05),which was accompanied by DNA damage-related cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase,activation of the apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress,as well as impairment of barrier function(P<0.05).Western blot analysis and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)showed that exposure to ZEA can activation of autophagy in pTr cells.Importantly,pretreatment with chloroquine(CQ)or 3-methyladenine(3-MA)led to increased apoptosis in pTr cells.Interestingly,pTr cells pretreated with 4-phenylbutyric acid(4-PBA),an inhibitor of ER stress,resulted in reduced cell death in pTr cells,indicating a critical role for ER stress in the activation of autophagy.In conclusion,these results reveal that ZEA-triggered ER stress is critical for the cell fate decision of pTr cells during early porcine embryonic development.Application of small molecules with ability of blocking ER stress might be therapeutic option to reduce the deleterious effect of ZEA in pregnant animals.

Dual-bionic regenerative microenvironment for peripheral nerve repair

Autologous nerve grafting serves is considered the gold standard treatment for peripheral nerve defects;however,limited availability and donor area destruction restrict its widespread clinical application.Although the performance of allogeneic decellularized nerve implants has been explored,challenges such as insufficient human donors have been a major drawback to its clinical use.Tissue-engineered neural regeneration materials have been developed over the years,and researchers have explored strategies to mimic the peripheral neural microenvironment during the design of nerve catheter grafts,namely the extracellular matrix(ECM),which includes mechanical,physical,and biochemical signals that support nerve regeneration.In this study,polycaprolactone/silk fibroin(PCL/SF)-aligned electrospun material was modified with ECM derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(hUMSCs),and a dual-bionic nerve regeneration material was successfully fabricated.The results indicated that the developed biomimetic material had excellent biological properties,providing sufficient anchorage for Schwann cells and subsequent axon regeneration and angiogenesis processes.Moreover,the dual-bionic material exerted a similar effect to that of autologous nerve transplantation in bridging peripheral nerve defects in rats.In conclusion,this study provides a new concept for designing neural regeneration materials,and the prepared dual-bionic repair materials have excellent auxiliary regenerative ability and further preclinical testing is warranted to evaluate its clinical application potential.

BET in hematologic tumors:Immunity,pathogenesis,clinical trials and drug combinations

The bromodomain and extra-terminal(BET)proteins act as“readers”for lysine acetylation and facilitate the recruitment of transcriptional elongation complexes.BET protein is associated with transcriptional elongation of genes such as c-MYC and BCL-2,and is involved in the regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis.Meanwhile,BET inhibitors(BETi)have regulatory effects on immune checkpoints,immune cells,and cytokine expression.The role of BET proteins and BETi in a variety of tumors has been studied.This paper reviews the recent research progress of BET and BETi in hematologic tumors(mainly leukemia,lymphoma and multiple myeloma)from cellular level studies,animal studies,clinical trials,drug combination,etc.BETi has a promising future in hematologic tumors,and future research directions may focus on the combination with other drugs to improve the efficacy.