Effects of Bifidobacterium lactis BLa80 on fecal and mucosal flora and stem cell factor/c-kit signaling pathway in simulated microgravity rats

BACKGROUND Simulated microgravity environment can lead to gastrointestinal motility disturbance.The pathogenesis of gastrointestinal motility disorders is closely related to the stem cell factor(SCF)/c-kit signaling pathway associated with intestinal flora and Cajal stromal cells.Moreover,intestinal flora can also affect the regulation of SCF/c-kit signaling pathway,thus affecting the expression of Cajal stromal cells.Cajal cells are the pacemakers of gastrointestinal motility.AIM To investigate the effects of Bifidobacterium lactis(B.lactis)BLa80 on the intestinal flora of rats in simulated microgravity and on the gastrointestinal motility-related SCF/c-kit pathway.METHODS The internationally recognized tail suspension animal model was used to simulate the microgravity environment,and 30 rats were randomly divided into control group,tail suspension group and drug administration tail suspension group with 10 rats in each group for a total of 28 days.The tail group was given B.lactis BLa80 by intragastric administration,and the other two groups were given water intragastric administration,the concentration of intragastric administration was 0.1 g/mL,and each rat was 1 mL/day.Hematoxylin&eosin staining was used to observe the histopathological changes in each segment of the intestine of each group,and the expression levels of SCF,c-kit,extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK)and p-ERK in the gastric antrum of each group were detected by Western blotting and PCR.The fecal flora and mucosal flora of rats in each group were detected by 16S rRNA.RESULTS Simulated microgravity resulted in severe exfoliation of villi of duodenum,jejunum and ileum in rats,marked damage,increased space between villi,loose arrangement,shortened columnar epithelium of colon,less folds,narrower mucosal thickness,reduced goblet cell number and crypts,and significant improvement after probiotic intervention.Simulated microgravity reduced the expressions of SCF and c-kit,and increased the expressions of ERK and P-ERK in the gastric antrum of rats.However,after probiotic intervention,the expressions of SCF and ckit were increased,while the expressions of ERK and P-ERK were decreased,with statistical significance(P<0.05).In addition,simulated microgravity can reduce the operational taxonomic unit(OTU)of the overall intestinal flora of rats,B.lactis BLa80 can increase the OTU of rats,simulated microgravity can reduce the overall richness and diversity of stool flora of rats,increase the abundance of firmicutes in stool flora of rats,and reduce the abundance of Bacteroides in stool flora of rats,most of which are mainly beneficial bacteria.Simulated microgravity can increase the overall richness and diversity of mucosal flora,increase the abundance of Bacteroides and Desulphurides in the rat mucosal flora,and decrease the abundance of firmicutes,most of which are proteobacteria.After probiotics intervention,the overall Bacteroidetes trend in simulated microgravity rats was increased.CONCLUSION B.lactis BLa80 can ameliorate intestinal mucosal injury,regulate intestinal flora,inhibit ERK expression,and activate the SCF/c-kit signaling pathway,which may have a facilitating effect on gastrointestinal motility in simulated microgravity rats.

Surface engineering of P2-type cathode material targeting long-cycling and high-rate sodium-ion batteries

The widespread interest in layered P2-type Mn-based cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)stems from their cost-effectiveness and abundant resources.However,the inferior cycle stability and mediocre rate performance impede their further development in practical applications.Herein,we devised a wet chemical precipitation method to deposit an amorphous aluminum phosphate(AlPO_(4),denoted as AP)protective layer onto the surface of P2-type Na_(0.55)Ni_(0.1)Co_(0.7)Mn_(0.8)O_(2)(NCM@AP).The resulting NCM@5AP electrode,with a 5 wt%coating,exhibits extended cycle life(capacity retention of78.4%after 200 cycles at 100 mA g^(-1))and superior rate performance(98 mA h g^(-1)at 500 mA g^(-1))compared to pristine NCM.Moreover,our investigation provides comprehensive insights into the phase stability and active Na^(+)ion kinetics in the NCM@5AP composite electrode,shedding light on the underlying mechanisms responsible for the enhanced performance observed in the coated electrode.

Clinicopathological significance and immunotherapeutic outcome of claudin 18.2 expression in advanced gastric cancer:A retrospective study

Objective: Immunotherapeutic outcomes and clinical characteristics of claudin 18 isoform 2 positive(CLDN18.2-positive) gastric cancer(GC) vary in different clinical studies, making it difficult to optimize antiCLDN18.2 therapy. We conducted a retrospective analysis to explore the association of CLDN18.2 expression with clinicopathological characteristics and immunotherapeutic outcomes in GC.Methods: A total of 536 advanced GC patients from 2019 to 2021 in the CT041-CG4006 and CT041-ST-01clinical trials were included in the analysis. CLDN18.2 expression on ≥40% of tumor cells(2+, 40%) and CLDN18.2 expression on ≥70% of tumor cells(2+, 70%) were considered the two levels of positively expressed GC. The clinicopathological characteristics and immunotherapy outcomes of GC patients were analyzed according to CLDN18.2 expression status.Results: CLDN18.2 was expressed in 57.6%(cut-off: 2+, 40%) and 48.9%(cut-off: 2+, 70%) of patients.Programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1) and CLDN18.2 were co-expressed in 19.8% [combined positive score(CPS)≥1, CLDN18.2(cut-off: 2+, 40%)] and 17.2% [CPS≥5, CLDN18.2(cut-off: 2+, 70%)] of patients.CLDN18.2 expression positively correlated with younger age, female sex, non-gastroesophageal junction(nonGEJ), and diffuse phenotype(P<0.001). HER2 and PD-L1 expression were significantly lower in CLDN18.2-positive GC(both P<0.05). Uterine adnexa metastasis(P<0.001) was more frequent and liver metastasis(P<0.001)was less common in CLDN18.2-positive GC. Overall survival and immunotherapy-related progression-free survival(ir PFS) were inferior in the CLDN18.2-positive group.Conclusions: CLDN18.2-positive GC is associated with poor prognosis and worse immunotherapeutic outcomes. The combination of anti-CLDN18.2 therapy, anti-PD-L1/PD-1 therapy, and chemotherapy for GC requires further investigation.

Application of Electronic Information Engineering in Hospital Management

To further enhance the overall service quality of China’s hospitals and improve the trust of the majority of patients in hospitals,this paper takes intelligent hospital management as the object of study,analyzes the importance of electronic information engineering technology applied in hospital management,and discusses the specific application methods of electronic information engineering in hospital management.This aims the existing problems in the current hospital management,such as insufficient degree of informatization,data sharing difficulties,lack of professionals,etc.Corresponding improvement measures are proposed,including strengthening the construction of informatization,promoting data sharing,and cultivating professionals.It is hoped that this study will enable the majority of hospital managers to make better use of electronic information engineering technology to effectively solve the current problems faced by hospitals and to continuously improve the comprehensive competitiveness of China’s hospitals.

超声内镜在炎症性肠病诊断中的应用价值

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease,IBD)是指一组病因尚不十分明确的慢性非特异性肠道炎症性疾病,主要包括溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)和克罗恩病(Crohn’s disease,CD),其特点在于病情反复发作,迁延不愈。目前诊断缺乏金标准,主要依赖临床表现、内镜检查及病理、影像学检查综合判断。与普通内镜检查相比,超声内镜(endoscopic ultrasonography,EUS)检查在观察胃肠道黏膜的基础上,可以清晰观察受累肠壁的层次结构及周围系膜、淋巴结的特征,在IBD的诊断和评估病情活动性方面作用显著。此外,EUS还可用于对IBD患者合并肠道狭窄、瘘管、腹腔及肛周脓肿的观察及治疗。本文就EUS在IBD诊断中的应用价值进行综述。

《2020年国际指南:慢性胰腺炎内镜介入治疗》要点摘译

2020年5月国际胰腺病学会(IAP)、美国胰腺学会(APA)、日本胰腺学会(JPS)及欧洲胰腺学会(EPC)共同发布了《2020年国际共识指南:慢性胰腺炎内镜介入治疗》。该指南基于循证医学证据,就慢性胰腺炎内镜介入治疗的适应证等9个关键临床问题提出了26项声明。本文对该指南涵盖的临床问题及声明进行要点摘译。

A Scheme of Dynamic Voltage Restorer to Improve Power Quality in Large Scale Industrial Enterprises

Loads in large scale industrial enterprises are always various and complex, causing insecure power quality. Meanwhile, some sensitive loads or precise instruments demand for high power quality. When voltage flicker or harmonics occurs, dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) can be used to stabilize the load-side voltage, which is a good manner of improving power quality. The paper explains the load demand in large scale industrial enterprises, analyzes several common voltage compensation scheme of DVR, and comes up with another voltage compensation scheme of DVR applied for double power supply with double load. A Simulink model according to the new scheme is also built in MATLAB/Simulink to test its performance. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can guarantee the load-side voltage stability, which is an effective scheme for managing power quality.

Research and Implementation of Cancer Gene Data Classification Based on Deep Learning

Cancer has become a cause of concern in recent years. Cancer genomics is currently a key research direction in the fields of genetic biology and biomedicine. This paper analyzes 5 different types of cancer genes, such as breast, kidney, colon, lung and prostate through machine learning methods, with the goal of building a robust classification model to identify each type of cancer, which will allow us to identify each type of cancer early, thereby reducing mortality.

Research and Implementation of Traffic Sign Recognition Algorithm Model Based on Machine Learning

Traffic sign recognition is an important task in intelligent transportation systems, which can improve road safety and reduce accidents. Algorithms based on deep learning have achieved remarkable results in traffic sign recognition in recent years. In this paper, we build traffic sign recognition algorithms based on ResNet and CNN models, respectively. We evaluate the proposed algorithm on public datasets and compare. We first use the dataset of traffic sign images from Kaggle. And then designed ResNet-based and CNN-based architectures that can effectively capture the complex features of traffic signs. Our experiments show that our ResNet-based model achieves a recognition accuracy of 99% on the test set, and our CNN-based model achieves a recognition accuracy of 98% on the test set. Our proposed approach has the potential to improve traffic safety and can be used in various intelligent transportation systems.

全息影像技术在机器人辅助腹腔镜下肾部分切除术治疗肾门部肿瘤中的应用

目的评价全息影像技术引导机器人辅助腹腔镜下肾部分切除术(RAPN)治疗肾门部肿瘤的可行性与有效性。方法回顾性分析该院2019年6月-2019年10月收治的11例肾门部肿瘤患者的临床资料。其中,男3例,女8例;左侧4例,右侧7例;患者年龄32~75岁,平均62.6岁,体质指数19.45~28.12 kg/m^2,平均23.75 kg/m^2,肿瘤直径1.1~6.7 cm,平均2.76 cm,R.E.N.A.L.评分8~12分,平均10.7分,患肾肾小球滤过率(GFR)22~51 mL/min,平均35 mL/min。患者术前行全腹部增强CT,利用CT数据进行全息影像重建。术中应用该技术结合达芬奇机器人辅助系统,精准分离、剜除肿瘤,并记录手术持续时间、出血量、肾脏热缺血时间、有无并发症及切缘阳性率等。结果根据全息影像引导,11例患者均顺利剜除肿瘤,完成手术,无中转开放。手术时间60~130 min,平均90 min。术中出血量50~180 mL,平均100 mL,热缺血时间18~25 min,平均21 min,无术后发热、继发出血或漏尿等并发症。术后病理诊断肾透明细胞癌9例(FuhrmanⅠ和Ⅱ级),乳头状细胞癌1例,血管平滑肌脂肪瘤1例,无切缘阳性病例。术后随访3~7个月,平均4.3个月,患肾GFR 18~43 mL/min,平均31 mL/min。术后3个月复查肾脏CT平扫及增强,全部患者未出现复发。结论全息影像技术引导RAPN治疗肾门部肿瘤,围手术期并发症少,安全有效。

生命叙事:新冠肺炎疫情中的流言与武汉市民的集体行动

"武汉市民开窗大合唱"是抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎期间市民的首次大规模集体行动,本文通过对25位市民的深度访谈探查他们对流言的接触与态度等。研究认为:流言接触渠道具有显著的移动化特征,多模态流言则强化了集体行动的情感叙事;对行动规则的调试、健康信息的解释、集体行动的评价成为社会意义争夺的焦点;"远亲不如近邻"的社区共同体提升集体行动的效率和规模,社会结构在关系情境中被重塑;地方成为集体行动中记忆和文化的依托,并通过地方实现疫情中集体行动的延续。流言是我们关于病毒的生命叙事,也是我们融入全球社会的情感之径,其通过集体行动落地、验证和阐释,就有可能成为嵌入社会结构中的文化。

The neuroprotective effects of oxygen therapy in Alzheimer’s disease:a narrative review

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a degenerative neurological disease that primarily affects the elderly.Drug therapy is the main strategy for AD treatment,but current treatments suffer from poor efficacy and a number of side effects.Non-drug therapy is attracting more attention and may be a better strategy for treatment of AD.Hypoxia is one of the important factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of AD.Multiple cellular processes synergistically promote hypoxia,including aging,hypertension,diabetes,hypoxia/obstructive sleep apnea,obesity,and traumatic brain injury.Increasing evidence has shown that hypoxia may affect multiple pathological aspects of AD,such as amyloid-beta metabolism,tau phosphorylation,autophagy,neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,endoplasmic reticulum stress,and mitochondrial and synaptic dysfunction.Treatments targeting hypoxia may delay or mitigate the progression of AD.Numerous studies have shown that oxygen therapy could improve the risk factors and clinical symptoms of AD.Increasing evidence also suggests that oxygen therapy may improve many pathological aspects of AD including amyloid-beta metabolism,tau phosphorylation,neuroinflammation,neuronal apoptosis,oxidative stress,neurotrophic factors,mitochondrial function,cerebral blood volume,and protein synthesis.In this review,we summarized the effects of oxygen therapy on AD pathogenesis and the mechanisms underlying these alterations.We expect that this review can benefit future clinical applications and therapy strategies on oxygen therapy for AD.

Does Postoperative Rehabilitation for Radical Cystectomy Call for Enhanced Recovery after Surgery?A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis

The aim of this review was to systematically compare the outcomes of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)with standard care(SC)after radical cystectomy.We performed a systematic search of PubMed,Ovid?Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library to identify studies published until September 2017 which involved a comparison of ERAS and SC.A meta-analysis was performed to assess the outcomes of ERAS versus SC.Sixteen studies including 8 prospective and 8 retrospective trials met the eligibility criteria.A total of 2100 participants were assigned to ERAS(1258 cases)or SC(842 cases).The time to first flatus passage[WMD=-0.95 days,95%Cl(-1.50,-0.41),P=0.0006],time until return to a regular diet[WMD=-2.15 days,95%Cl(-2.86,—1.45),P<0.00001]and the length of hospital stay[WMD=-3.75 days,95%Cl(-5.13,-2.36),P<0.00001]were significantly shorter,and the incidence of postoperative complications[OR=0.60,95%Cl(0.44,0.83),P=0.002],especially postoperative paralytic ileus[OR=0.43,95%Cl(0.30,0.62),P<0.00001]and cardiovascular complications[OR=0.28,95%Cl(0.09,0.90),P=0.03]was significantly lower in the ERAS group than those in the SC group.This meta-analysis demonstrated that ERAS was associated with a shorter time to first flatus passage,return of bowel fimction,and the length of hospital stay than SC in patients undergoing radical cystectomy,as well as a lower rate of postoperative complications,especially paralytic ileus and cardiovascular complications.

卒中后失语症的评估及进展

功能评估是开展临床诊断和科学研究的前提和基础,对语言能力进行准确的诊断性评估需要一些工具。目前国内有很多关于脑血病意外后汉语失语症的研究。失语症是一种常见的脑卒中后遗症,严重影响患者的生活质量,因此,对言语能力的评估在失语症的评价、分型和康复中起着重要的作用。本文就目前应用广泛、评价较高的标准化语言评估工具进行介绍,供评估者选择使用。

离心叶轮流场对背压脉动的响应特性研究

本文首先采用数值模拟方法开展高速离心压缩机叶轮出口下游背压脉动的流场响应特性研究,分析指出高转速离心叶轮的气动性能波动随着背压脉动频率的增加而增大,但不同背压脉动频率下各时刻的流场分布具有相似结构。然后采用动态模态分解(DMD)方法对背压脉动下非定常流动的模态场进行分析,不同脉动频率下的非定常流场均包含叶轮转频的各阶谐波模态,流场响应的零阶模态为反映平均流场的基本模态,各阶谐波模态均为极限环模态,其它均为近似极限环振荡或衰减模态,流场响应的非定常成分主要由一阶谐波模态贡献。DMD分析结果表明:DMD方法能够对叶轮非定常流场变化特性进行降阶解构及准确预测。

prognostic significance of pretreatment serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels in gastric cancer with pathological lymph node-negative: A large sample singlecenter retrospective study

AIM To assess whether elevated serum carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) is in the inferior prognosis for pathological lymph node-negative(p N_0) gastric cancer(GC) patients who underwent D_2 gastrectomy.METHODS About 469 p N0 GC patients,who received D^2 radical gastrectomy were retrospectively analyzed. The X-tile plots cut-off point for CEA were 30.02 ng/m L using minimum P-value from log-rank χ~2 statistics,and p N_0 GC patients were assigned to two groups: those more than 30.02 ng/m L(n = 48;CEA-high group) and those less than 30.02 ng/m L(n = 421;CEA-low group). Clinicopathologic characteristics were compared usingPearson's χ2 or Fisher's exact tests,and survival curves were so manufactured using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analysis were carried out using the logistic regression method.RESULTS The percentage of vessel carcinoma embolus(31.35% vs 17.1%) and advanced GC(T_(2-4b))(81.25% vs 65.32%) were higher in CEA-high group than CEA-low group. The CEA-positive patients had a significantly poorer prognosis than the CEA-nagetive patients in terms of overall survival(57.74% vs 90.69%,P < 0.05),and no different was found between subgroup of T category,differentiation,nerve invasion,and vessel carcinoma embolus(all P > 0.05). Multivariate survival analysis showed that CEA(OR = 4.924),and T category(OR = 2.214) were significant prognostic factors for stage p N0 GC(all P < 0.05). Besides,only T category(OR = 1.962) was an independent hazard factor in the CEA-high group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION Those pretreatment serum CEA levels over 30.02 ng/m L on behalf of worse characteristics and unfavourable tumor behavior,and a poor prognosis for a nearly doubled risk of mortality in GC patients.

A Study on the Properties of Resin Transfer Molding Cyanate Ester and Its T800 Grade Carbon Fiber Composites

The properties of resin transfer molding(RTM)cyanate ester and its T800 grade carbon fiber composites were studied with the rheometer,differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),FT-IR,dynamic mechanical analyzer(DMA),thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA),mechanical property testing,and scanning electron microscopy(SEM).The results showed that the temperature of cyanate ester suitable for RTM process was 70℃.Curing process of the resin was 130℃/2 h+160℃/2 h+200℃/2 h+220℃/4 h.Glass transition temperature and heat decomposition temperature of the cured resin are 289℃and 415℃,respectively.Mechanical properties of T800/RTM cyanate composites are 13.5%higher than that of T700/RTM cyanate composites and equal to that of T800/Prepreg cyanate composites.Tg of T800/RTM cyanate composites was proved to be 291℃.Fracture pattern of the composites was flat,which proved excellent interface properties between fiber and resin in this composite.

Measurement of the prompt neutron spectrum from thermalneutron-induced fission in U-235 using the recoil proton method

A measurement of the ^235U prompt fission neutron spectrum (PFNS) by the recoil proton method was performed at the Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry, China. Details of the method, which include the calculation and validation of the response matrix, are presented. The PFNS for ^235U in the energy range 1–12 MeV, induced by thermal neutrons, was obtained. The measured spectrum in the low-energy region was in good agreement with previous work and the ENDF/B-VII library, except for minor differences. In the high-energy region, however, the relative height of the measured spectrum was greater, and an analysis of the experiment indicated uncertainties of 13% at 10 MeV and 24% at 12 MeV. Experimental results showed that the recoil proton method could be used to measure prompt fission neutron spectra. Some directions for future work are included.

Use of ^(18)F-FDG PET/CT to locate primary malignancies in patients with hepatic cirrhosis and malignant ascites

Objective：Ascites in patients with hepatic cirrhosis is caused by cirrhosis in most cases.For most malignant ascites,the primary malignancy could be readily identified using conventional imaging methods,e.g.,computer tomography （CT） and magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）.However,in a small fraction of the patients,the primary malignancy remains occult even with these examinations.In this retrospective study,we assessed the usefulness of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with hepatic cirrhosis and malignant ascites of otherwise unknown origin.Methods：Twenty-eight patients with malignant ascites of unknown primary sites after CT,MRI and ultrasound during the period of five years between January 2008 and December 2012 had received 18F-FDG PET/CT.Medical records of these patients were reviewed and analyzed.Results：Elevated 18F-FDG absorption was found in 23 of 28 cases in the following sites：gastrointestinal tract （n=10,43.5％）,prostate （n=5,21.7％）,peritoneum （n=4,13.3％）,and ovary （n=4,13.3％）.Cancer was confirmed by pathology in 20 cases after open or laparoscopic surgeries.Five patients were found to have benign ascites,among which,3 were found to be false positive due to tuberculosis.SUV values were significantly higher for tumors than for benign lesions （mean values,6.95 vs.2.94; P=0.005）.Conclusions：The 18F-FDG PET/CT can be as a powerful imaging tool in identifying tissue origin in liver cirrhosis patients suspected of cancers or with cancers of unknown primary sites.

COVID-19 infection with keratitis as the first clinical manifestation

·AIM:To report a case which keratitis is the first clinical manifestation of COVID-19 that occurred 3 d earlier than the common COVID-19 symptoms.·METHODS:Regular slit lamp examination,corneal scraping test,and chest computed tomography(CT)were performed for patients with COVID-19 infection.The ophthalmologic treatment included ganciclovir eye drop(50 mglmL,6 times/d).The treatment for diarrhea included Guifu Lizhong pills(TID).The antiviral therapy consisted of oseltamivir(75 mg capsule Q12 H);therapy preventing bacterial infection consisted of azithromycin(250 mg tablet QD)and moxifloxacin(0.4 g tablet Q12 H);and therapy for cough relief and fever prevention consisted of Chinese herbal decoction.·RESULTS:A 35-year-old male suddenly suffered pain,photophobia,and tears in his right eye for one day without systemic COVID-19 symptoms.Patient was diagnosed with keratitis,which was seemingly different from common keratitis.Ganciclovir eye drop was initiated.The corneal scraping test for COVID-19 was positive.The chest CT images were abnormal confirming the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection.The antiviral and antibacterial therapies were initiated.Chinese herbal therapy was used for cough relief and fever prevention.After roughly two weeks,patient recovered from COVID-19.·CONCLUSION:A new type of keratitis,atypical keratitis,is a clinical manifestation of COVID-19,and this clinical manifestation could appear 3 d earlier than fever and cough.The earlier a COVID-19 clinical manifestation is identified,the earlier can a patient be directed to stay at home,and significantly fewer people would be infected.