Interferon-gamma regulates the progression of neuroblastoma cells through interferon-regulatory factor-1

Objective:This study aimed to elucidate the influence of IFN-gamma(IFN-γ)in neuroblastoma(NB)cells and reveal its potential underlying molecular mechanism.Methods:The Cell Counting Kit-8,Transwell apparatus,and flow cytometry were employed to assess cellular viability,migratory capacity,invasive potential,and apoptotic rates,respectively.RNA-seq combined with bioinformatics analysis revealed differentially expressed genes(DEGs)and their possible biological functions.Protein levels were determined by western blot analysis.Results:IFN-γtreatment resulted in diminished cell viability,mitigated migratory and invasive capabilities,and augmented apoptotic activity in the SK-N-BE(2)cell line,whereas it exhibited the opposite effect in SH-SY5Y cells.Furthermore,interferon regulatory factor 1(IRF-1)was the common DEG in both IFN-γ-treated SK-N-BE(2)and SH-SY5Y cells.Additionally,we found that it was underexpressed in NB tissues.The depletion of IRF-1 promoted the progression of both SK-N-BE(2)and SH-SY5Y cells.Moreover,IRF-1 knockdown effectively counteracted the effects of IFN-γon SK-N-BE(2)cells,while exacerbating them in SH-SY5Y cells.Conclusion:This study verified that IFN-γexerted a distinct role in both N-Myc-and non-N-Myc-amplified NB cells,partially by mediating the expression of IRF-1,suggesting that it may serve as a potent agent for treating patients with NB.

Recent research hotspots in sequencing and the pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor microenvironment

Multiple endocrine neoplasia 1(MEN1)syndrome,a disease arising from a genetic predisposition to tumor development caused by MEN1 loss-of-function mutations,is characterized by the combined occurrence of neuroendocrine tumors in multiple human organs.With advances in diagnostic technologies and improvements in living standards.

转基因玉米双抗12-5荧光RPA现场可视化检测方法的建立

转基因玉米双抗12-5具有良好的抗虫性和除草剂耐受性,是我国第一批获得安全证书的转基因玉米之一,具有广阔的应用前景。本研究利用重组酶聚合酶扩增技术(recombinase polymerase amplification,RPA)建立转基因玉米双抗12-5的现场快速检测方法。针对转基因玉米双抗12-5的转化体特异性序列片段,设计引物和探针,通过引物筛选实验得到最佳引物与探针组合。荧光RPA扩增结果可以在蓝光下直接进行可视化分析。结果表明,建立的转基因玉米双抗12-5可视化检测体系特异性强,检测灵敏度达到10拷贝。进一步研究发现RPA的扩增体系对温度有很强的适应性,样品在34℃~46℃之间都能得到扩增,据此,本研究利用市面上常见的自发热暖贴代替常规的加热仪器来激发RPA。结果表明,自发热暖贴满足RPA扩增体系对温度的需要。最终,本研究将自发热暖贴加热法与RPA可视化检测体系结合,对转基因玉米双抗12-5进行现场检测,并与qPCR方法检测结果作比较,检测结果表明,本研究建立的现场可视化检测方法与qPCR方法检测结果一致,并且可视化检测方法时间短,检测结果清晰易分辨。本研究建立的转基因玉米双抗12-5现场快速可视化检测方法,其特异性强、灵敏度高、方便、快捷,不仅满足了转基因玉米双抗12-5的现场快速检测的需要,也为其他现场快速检测方法的开发提供了新思路。

Clinical effects of Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture on neurological impairment following cerebral infarction

BACKGROUND： Although the curative effects of acupuncture have been confirmed by various treatments of cerebral infarction, few studies have investigated when acupuncture can attain the best clinical effect. OBJECTIVE： Four different time points were selected for acupuncture treatment of cerebral infarction to evaluate the appropriate time course for Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy in terms of improved neurological function. DESIGN： Controlled observation. SETTING： Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy of the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Chinese Armed Police Forces. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 120 inpatients with cerebral infarction of different stages, including 75 males and 45 females, aged 41-75 years, were selected from November 2005 to December 2006 at the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy in Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Chinese Armed Police Forces. Diagnostic criteria： in accordance with ＂main points of diagnosis on different cerebrovascular disease＂ secondly revised in the Second Cerebrovascular Disease Academic Meeting of Chinese Medicine Association in 1986. All accepted subjects provided confirmed consent, and the experiment received ethical permission from the hospital＇s ethics committee. METHODS： ① Experiment grouping： All inpatients were divided into four groups with non-stochastic concurrent control method according to the disease course： Group Ⅰ （onset within 7 hours）, group Ⅱ （onset from 7 hours to 3 days）, group Ⅲ （onset within 4-7 days）, and group IV （onset within 21-180 days）. On the basis of symptomatic treatment with western medicine, each group received Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy after onset within 7 hours, 7 hours to 3 days, 4 to 7days, and 21 to 180 days. ① The principal acupoints were Neiguan, Renzhong, and Sanyinfiao. ② The auxiliary acupoints were Jiquan, Chize, and Weizhong. ③Acupuncture manipulations： initially, Neiguan （PC6, bilateral） was needled at 0.5-1.0 cun vertically with a reducing technique achieved by rotating-swirling and lifting-inserting for l minute. Subsequently, Renzhong （GV26） was needled at 0.3-0.5 cun obliquely towards the nasal septum, with a heavy bird-pecking method until eyeballs were moist or shed tears. Sanyinjiao （SP6, affected limb） was needled at 1.0-1.5 cun obliquely along the medial border of the tibia with a 45° angle between the needle and skin. The technique of reinforcing was achieved by a lifting-inserting method until the affected lower limb twitched three times. The auxiliary acupoint, Jiquan, was selected when the patient extended the affected upper limb abduction. Jiquan was along the downward channel, l cun from the quondam Jiquan （HT1） acupoint; the armpit hair was avoided. Jiquan （affected limb） was needled vertically at 1.0-1.5 cun. The technique of reduction was achieved by lifting-inserting until the affected upper limb twitched three times. Chize （LU5） was selected when the patient flexed the elbow at 120°. Chize was vertically needled at l cun with a lifting-inserting reducing technique until the affected forearm and fingers twitched three times. Weizhong （BL40） was selected when the patient＇s leg was raised straight in a supine position. Weizhong was vertically needled at 0.5 1.0 cun with a lifting-inserting reducing technique until the affected lower limb twitched three times. ⑤ Acupuncture manipulations were achieved by the doctor who is an associate chief physician and doctor of acupuncture and moxibustion and has aptitude for the post＇s specification. ⑥One course of treatment lasted for 10 days and each group was treated for two courses of treatment. ⑦Experiment evaluation： To apply neurological impairment scores for evaluating clinical curative effects before and after treatment with Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy on day 7, 14, and 21（range of 0 45; decreasing score indicates functional improvement）.To evaluate clinical curative effect by clinical effective power： Basic recovery： equal to or more than 81%; significant improvement： 56% to 81% （including 56%）; Improvement： between 36% to 56% （including 36%）; Slight Improvement： 11% to 36% （including 11%）; No change： less than 11%; Aggravation （including death）： negative value. Total effective rate was computed at the same time. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The total effective rate and amelioration of neurological impairment of the patients after treatment. RESULTS： All 120 patients with cerebral infarction were included in the final analysis, without deletion. ① Comparison of the total effective rate： the total effective rate of group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ, group Ⅲ and group IV was 97%, 93%, 93%, and 67%, respectively. There were significant differences of interclass synthetic curative effects （x^2 = 36.351 7, P 〈 0.01）. ② Amelioration of neurological impairment： A decreased neurological impairment score was observed in group Ⅰ on day 7, 14, and 21 after Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy. The differences between group Ⅳ and the remaining three groups were significant （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Xingnao Kaiqiao therapy is helpful for amelioration of neurological impairment in patients during the acute stage cerebral infarction.

Correlates of extinction risk in Chinese endemic birds

Background: China has a relative high degree of endemism of birds due to its large area, diversified topography, and varied climates and habitats. Among the 77 Chinese endemic birds, 29 species are classified as threatened according to the officially released China Biodiversity Red List in 2015. Chinese endemic birds should be the focus of conservation because their local extinction in China means complete global extinction. However, to date, no study has explicitly examined the patterns and processes of extinction and threat in Chinese endemic birds. Methods: We obtained eleven biological traits and four extrinsic factors that are commonly hypothesized to influence extinction risk. After phylogenetic correction, these factors were used separately and in combination to assess their associations with extinction risk. Results: We found that 37.7% of Chinese endemic birds were listed as threatened (Vulnerable, Endangered and Critically Endangered). Small range size, high hunting vulnerability, and high human population density were important predictors of high extinction risk in Chinese endemic birds. Conclusions: Our study is the first to systematically investigate the patterns and processes of extinction risk in Chinese endemic birds. We suggest that endemic species with small range size and living in area with high human densities require conservation priorities. Conservation efforts should also focus on the reduction of human threats, such as human hunting and habitat degradation, for the effective preservation of Chinese endemic birds.

Effect of post-stroke sensory disorders on the recovery processes of motor function and activity of daily living A non-randomized synchronical controlled trial

BACKGROUND： In the rehabilitation of stroke patients, clinicians usually concentrate on motor problems, such as spasm of limbs and restriction of joint motion, while sensory and perceptive problems are almost always neglected, although they are just as important. One such area is the sensory disorder. OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the motor function and activities of daily living in stroke patients with and without sensory disorders after treatment of integrated western and Chinese medicine. DESIGN： A non-randomized synchronically controlled trial. SETTING： First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin College of Traditional Chinese Medicine. PARTICIPANTS： Totally 500 stroke inpatients were selected from the Department of Acupuncture and Massage, the First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin College of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2003 to December 2004. They all had suffered from stroke in the last 4 weeks and accompanied by sensory disorder of the ipsilateral limb to different severity. The patients were all accorded with the Diagnostic and Efficacy Evaluative Standards for Stroke （in trial） set by the Encephalopathy Emergency Assistant Group, the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 1995, and they were diagnosed by imaging examination. The patients were stratified into sensory disorder group （n =220） and normal sense group （n =280）. Informed consent for the detected items and therapeutic program was obtained from the relatives of all the participants. The study was approved by the hospital ethical committee. METHODS： All the patients were treated with acupuncture of Xing Nao Kai Qiao for restoring consciousness and inducing resuscitation, assisted by traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine specific to corresponding symptoms. The therapeutic principles were restoring consciousness and inducing resuscitation, nourishing liver and kidney, and dredging meridian. In addition, the patients were given western medical treatments for decreasing intracranial pressure, thrombolysis, reducing blood viscosity, anticoagulation, anti-arteriosclerosis, ameliorating microcirculation, also administrated with activator for nerve cells. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： （1） The severity of motor function deficit was evaluated using clinical neurological deficit score for stroke patients set by the Fourth National Academic Meeting for Cerebrovascular Disease in 1995; （2） The activities of daily living was evaluated with Barthel Index, the higher the score, the better the independence, and the less the dependence. RESULTS： All the 500 stroke patients were involved in the final analysis of results. （1） The neurological deficit scores before treatment had no significant difference between the two groups （P 〉 0.05）, but the scores after treatment were significantly decreased as compared with those before treatment in both groups （t =6.59, 12.43, P 〈 0.01）. The neurological deficit score after treatment in the normal sense group was significantly lower than that in the sensory disorder group （t =1.63, P 〈 0.05）. （2） The scores of activities of daily living after treatment were significantly increased as compared with those before treatment in both groups （t =16.03, 25.10, P 〈 0.01）. The scores of activities of daily living in the normal sense group were higher than those in the sensory disorder group both before and after treatment （t =6.07, 14.26, P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Sensory disorders have obvious negative effects on the recovery of motor function and activities of daily living of stroke patients.

Telomere-to-telomere genome assemblies of two Chinese Baijiu-brewing sorghum landraces

Dear Editor,Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor[L.]Moench)(2n=20),a C4 droughttolerant cereal crop,is widely cultivated for food,feed,and biofuel,resulting in varieties with distinct morphological characteristics.The Sanger-sequencing-based sorghum reference genome of the inbred variety BTx623(grain sorghum)was initially released in 2009(base error<1 per 10 kb)(Paterson et al.,2009),and the most widely used version 3 assembly(base error<1 per 100 kb),consisting of 4773 contigs with 2679 unresolved gaps(~28 Mb)in 10 chromosomes,was improved by next-generation sequencing in 2017(McCormick et al.,2018).

Clinical validation of serum immunosignatures in early diagnosis of Crohn's disease

Background:The search for biomarkers suitable for early diagnosis of Crohn's disease(CD)is challenging.This study investigated the efficacy of serological markers for the early diagnosis of CD.Methods:This was a retrospective nested cohort study.Indirect immuno-fluorescence and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay were used to detect ASCA IgG,ASCA IgA,AYMA IgG,AYCA IgG,FI2Y IgG,p‐ANCA IgG,GAB IgG and PAB IgG in patient serum samples.Results:The positive rates of ASCA IgG,ASCA IgA,AYMA IgG,AYCA IgG,FI2Y IgG,p‐ANCA IgG,GAB IgG and PAB IgG in patients with early CD,advanced CD and other intestinal diseases were 37.0%versus 56.8%versus 27.8%;3.7%versus 20.5%versus 19.4%;14.8%versus 2.3%versus 2.8%;25.9%versus 9.1%versus 8.3%;18.5%versus 15.9%versus 8.3%;0.0%versus 2.8%,18.5%;13.6%versus 18.2%versus 16.7%;and 7.4%versus 20.5%versus 0.0%,respectively.The positive rates of ASCA IgG,AYCA IgG and PAB IgG were significantly different among the three groups(p<0.05).In 85.2%of early CD patients,at least one antibody was detected 1 year before diagnosis.The sensitivity of the ASCA/AYMA/AYCA/FI2Y/GAB combination for early diagnosis was 85.2%.The sensitivity of the ASCA/AYMA/AYCA/FI2Y/GAB/PAB/PANCA combination for differentiating CD from other diseases was 87.3%.Conclusions:ASCA IgG and AYCA IgG have potential value in identifying the course of CD.AYCA IgG may be a potential marker for the early diagnosis of CD,and ASCA IgG indicates an advanced stage.The combination of ASCA,AYMA,AYCA,FI2Y,and GAB improves early diagnostic accuracy of CD.

Fabrication of La1-xCaxFeO3 perovskite-type oxides with macro-mesoporous structure via a dual-template method for highly efficient soot combustion

A series of three-dimensionally ordered macro-mesoporous(3DOMM)La1-xCaxFeO3(x=0-0.3)perovskite-type oxides were designed and successfully fabricated for the first time via a dual-template method.In which,PMMA and Brij-56 were employed as the hard template and soft template,respectively.It is found that 3 DOMM La1-xCaxFeO3 exhibits abundant wormlike mesoporous channels about 3 nm in diameter on macroporous skeleton walls.The excellent catalytic activity of soot combustion benefits from not only the well-designed hierarchical porous structure of catalyst,but also the redox electron pair of Fe3+/Fe4+induced by the doping of low-valent alkaline earth metal Ca to A-site of LaFeO3.3DOMM La0.8Ca0.2FeO3 exhibits superior catalytic performance for soot combustion,which shows T50 of396℃.It is 189℃lower than that without catalyst.A combination of structure and composition in the design of catalyst can be widely extended to other catalytic systems.

Information fusion for future COVID-19 prevention:continuous mechanism of big data intelligent innovation for the emergency management of a public epidemic outbreak

Information fusion is very effective and necessary to respond to a public epidemic outbreak such as COVID-19.Big data intelligent,as a product of information fusion,plays an important role in the prevention and control of COVID-19.The continuous mechanism of big data intelligent innovation(BDII)is fundamental to effectively prevent and control a public epidemic outbreak.In this study,the continuous mechanism of BDII was fused into a complex network,and a three-dimensional collaborative epidemic prevention model was constructed.Furthermore,adiabatic elimination principle was applied to explore the order parameter of the continuous mechanism.Finally,empirical analysis was conducted based on three-stage epidemic prevention strategies to reveal the effect of continuous epidemic prevention under different big data intelligent emergency management policy levels.The results of this study are as follows.Through the mutual influence and coupling of the subsystems,the continuous mechanism of BDII can be realized to manage a public epidemic outbreak emergency.The big data intelligent subsystem is integrated into the subsystems of public epidemic outbreak management and science and technology innovation.The big data intelligent emergency management policies play a positive role in the overall BDII for the continuous epidemic prevention of a public epidemic outbreak.The convention of BDII transformation is the continuous mechanism of BDII as the order parameter of a public epidemic outbreak.In the early stage of epidemic prevention,the convention is excessively pursued,while the neglect of BDII configuration is not conducive to the long-term collaborative governance of a public epidemic outbreak.The study provides practical guidelines for the formulation of fusion innovation policies,application of big data intelligent,and theoretical basis for the emergency management of a public epidemic outbreak in the medical field.