Endogenous serotonin induced by cold acclimation increases cold tolerance by reshaping the MEL/ROS/RNS redox network in Kandelia obovata

Cold stress severely limits the distribution of mangrove species worldwide and it remains unclear how mangroves respond and adapt to cold temperatures.In this study,we investigated the effects of cold acclimation and/or inhibition of serotonin levels on reactive oxygen species(ROS),reactive nitrogen species(RNS),melatonin(MEL)and serotonin(SER)accumulation during cold stress in Kandelia obovata.Morphologic observation and param-eter analysis revealed that cold acclimation mitigated the photoinhibition of photosystem I(PSI)and photosystem II(PSII),maintained optimal ROS and RNS redox homeosta-sis,and increased the contents of SER and MEL in leaves.This suggests that cold acclimation reshapes the MEL/ROS/RNS redox network.In particular,the tryptophan/tryptamine/Ser/N-acetylserotonin/MER pathway was identi-fied as a branch of the MEL synthesis pathway.Inhibition of endogenous SER exacerbated damage caused by cold stress,indicating the crosstalk of SER synthesis and cold acclima-tion.In this study,we report a coordinated regulation of cold stress by a complex defense network in K.obovata.

中国奥突寄蝇属Austrophasiopsis一新种记述(双翅目:寄蝇科)

记述采自中国云南西北部梅里雪山和西藏东南部寄蝇亚科莱寄蝇族奥突寄蝇属1新种(双翅目:寄蝇科):薛奥突寄蝇Austrophasiopsis xuewanqi sp.nov.;提供了新种的形态描述和特征图;给出了奥突寄蝇属的鉴别特征,并编制了该属4种类检索表。

One new species of Everestiomyia Townsend(Diptera:Tachinidae)from western China

Everestiomyia Townsend,1933(Diptera:Tachinidae)belongs to the tribe Ernestiini in the Tachininae.One new species of this genus from the Altun Mountains of Xinjiang,western China was found and is described:Everestiomyia nudioculata Zhang sp.nov.

Transcription factor Foxp1 is essential for the induction of choroidal neovascularization

Background The exudative form of age-related macular degeneration(AMD)is characterized by abnormal blood vessel growth,which is stimulated by vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)released from retinal pigment epithelium(RPE).The angiogenic behaviors of vascular endothelial cells in vitro depend on forkhead box protein P1(Foxp1),a transcription repressor widely expressed in human and murine tissues during development.In this study,we aimed to determine whether loss of Foxp1 affects laser-induced choroidal neovascularization(CNV)in mouse.Methods Eye-selective deletion of Foxp1 was obtained by crossing Foxp1flox/flox with Six3-Cre mice.Laser photocoagulation was delivered to six-to eight-week-old mice to induce CNV.The expression of Foxp1 and Cre was determined by immunofluorescence in cryostat sections of the eyes.Fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA),optical coherence tomography(OCT),and B4 isolectin staining were applied to analyze the leakage,bulge height,and area of CNV lesions,respectively.RPE-choroid tissues were isolated for the determination of VEGF and pigment epithelium derived factor(PEDF)by Western blotting.Results Foxp1 was expressed in retinal ganglion cells,RPE,and the choroidal endothelial cells.Laser photocoagulation increased the number of Foxp1+-endothelial cells and induced CNV.Six3-Cre reduced Foxp1 expression in RPE but not the endothelium,leading to a lower level of VEGF in the RPE-choroid.Foxp1 knockout inhibited pathological angiogenesis and vascular leakage of the laser-induced CNV lesions.Conclusions Foxp1 regulates the expression of VEGF in the RPE,and inhibition of Foxp1 could potentially be a novel strategy for the prevention and therapy of neovascularization related to AMD.

Resource prediction and assessment based on 3D/4D big data modeling and deep integration in key ore districts of North China

The North China district has been subjected to significant research with regard to the ore-forming dynamics,processes,and quantitative forecasting of gold deposits;it accounts for the highest number of gold reserves and annual products in China.Based on the top-level design of geoscience theory and the method adopted by the National Key R&D Project(deep process and metallogenic mechanism of North China Craton(NCC)metallogenic system),this paper systematically collects and constructs the geoscience data(district,camp,and deposit scales)in four key gold districts of North China(Jiaojia-Sanshandao,Southern Zhaoping,Wulong,and Qingchengzi).The settings associated with the geological dynamics of gold deposits were quantitatively and synthetically analyzed,namely:NCC destruction,metallogenic events,genetic models,and exploration models.Three-dimensional(3D)and four-dimensional(4D)geological modeling was performed using the big data on the districts,while the district-scale 3D exploration criteria were integrated to construct a quantitative exploration model.Among them,FLAC3D modelling and the Geo Cube software(version 3.0)were used to implement the numerical simulation of the 3D geological models and the constraints of the fluid saturation parameters of the Jiaojia fault to reconstruct the 4D fault structure models of the Jiaojia fault(with a depth of 5000 m).Using Geo Cube3.0,multiple integration modules(general weights of evidence(Wof E),Boost Wof E,Fuzzy Wof E,Logistic Regression,Information Entropy,and Random Forest)and exploration criteria were integrated,while the C-V fractal classification of A,B and C targets in four districts was carried out.The research results are summarized in the following four areas:(1)Four gold districts in the study area have more than three targets(the depth is 3000 m),and the class A,B and C targets exhibit a good spatial correlation with gold bodies that are controlled by mining engineering at depths greater than 1000 m.(2)The Boost Wof E method was used to identify the target optimization in 3D spaces(at depths of 3000–5000 m)of the Jiaojia-Sanshandao,Southern Zhaoping,and Wulong districts.(3)The general Wof E method is based on the Bayesian theory in 3D space and provides robust integration and target optimization that are suitable for the Jiaojia-Sanshandao and Southern Zhaoping districts in the Jiaodong area;it can also be applied to the Wulong district in the Liaodong area using a quantitative genetic model and an exploration model.Random forest is a multi-objective integration and target optimization method for 3D spaces,and it is suitable for the complex exploration model in the Qingchengzi district of the Liaodong area.The genetic model and exploration criteria associated with the exploration model of the Qingchengzi district were constrained by the common characteristics of the gold fault structure,magmatic rock emplacement in North China,and the strata fold and interlayer detachment structure.(4)Based on the gold reserves and the 3D block unit model of the Sanshandao gold deposit in the Jiaojia-Sanshandao district,the gold contents of the 3D block units in class A and B targets of the ore concentration were estimated to be 65.5%and 25.1%,respectively.The total Au resources of the optimized targets below a depth of 3000 m were 3908 t(including 1700 t reserves),and the total Au resources of the targets at depths from 3000 to 5000 m were 936 t.The study shows that the deep gold deposits in the four gold districts of North China exhibit a strong"transport-deposition"spatial correlation with potential targets.These"transport-deposition"spatial models represent the tectonic-magmatic-hydrothermal activities of the metallogenic system associated with the NCC destruction events and indicate the Au enrichment zones.

A Highly Selective Colorimetric Sensor for Cu^2＋ Based on Phenolic Group Biscarbonyl Hydrazone

A novel copper selective sensor 2 based on hydrazide and salicylaldehyde has been designed and prepared. Sensor 2 behaves a single selectivity and sensitivity in the recognition for Cu2＋ over other metal ions such as Fe3＋, Hg2＋, Ag＋, Ca2＋, Zn2＋, Pb2＋, Cd2＋, Ni2＋, Co2＋, Cr3＋ and Mg2＋ in DMSO. The distinct color change and the rapid changement of fluorescence emission provide naked-eyes detection for Cu2＋. The UV-vis data indicate that 1 ： 2 stoichiometry complex is formed by sensor 2 and Cu2＋. The association constant Ks was 3.51 × 104 mol 1%. The detection limitation of Cu2＋ with the sensor 2 was 2.2 × 10.7 mol·L^-1. The sensing of Cu2＋ by this sensor was found to be reversible, with the Cu2＋-induced color being lost upon addition of EDTA.

Removal of the rate table:MEMS gyrocompass with virtual maytagging

High-performance micro-electro-mechanical system(MEMS)gyrocompasses for north-finding systems have been very popular for decades.In this paper,a MEMS north-finding system(NFS)based on virtual maytagging(VM)is presented for the first time.In stark contrast to previous schemes of MEMS-based NFSs(e.g.,carouseling,maytagging)and the abandoning rate table,we developed a honeycomb disk resonator gyroscope(HDRG)and two commercial accelerometers for azimuth detection.Instead of the physical rotation of the integrated turntable in traditional NFSs,the vibratory working modes of the HDRG are rotated periodically with electronic control to reduce the uncertainty in the azimuth.After systematically analyzing the principle of NFSs with VM,we designed tests to verify the practicability at the sensor level.A bias instability of 0.0078°/h can be obtained during one day with VM in an HDRG.We also implemented comparative north-finding experiments to further check our strategy at the system level.The accuracy in the azimuth can reach 0.204°for 5 min at 28.2°latitude with VM and 0.172°with maytagging.The results show that without any mechanical turning parts,VM technology makes it possible to develop high-precision handheld MEMS NFSs.