爱亦或碍:失能失智老人家庭照顾者的困境及喘息服务介入研究

从2000年步入老年阶段开始,中国的人口老龄化问题不断恶化。根据第七次全国人口普查,我国65岁及以上人口比重达到13.50%,人口老龄化程度已高于世界平均水平(65岁及以上人口占比9.3%),呈现出老年人口规模庞大、老龄化进程明显加快的特点。随着身体机能退化,出现失能失智等身体问题的老年群体数量庞大。而我国的传统“养老”文化,使得较多失能失智老人选择居家照护。对失能失智老人家庭照顾者来说,他们承受着巨大的经济和生理、心理压力,易产生疲倦感、厌恶感、自责感。本研究以失能失智老人家庭照顾者面临的问题和需求为切入点,有针对性地开展喘息服务介入活动,疏解其照顾压力。在探析介入服务的过程与困境的基础上,提出介入失能失智老人家庭照顾者的建议。

Influence of Storage Time on Pollen Traits in Actinidia eriantha

We examined the influence of storage time on germinability and tube growth of freeze stored pollens collected from 25 wild male plants in Actinidia eriantha variety. Pollens were stored in freezer at - 20°C for six months and one year periods to determine changing at germinability in time. In vitro germination was conducted in certain cultural medium defined for Actinidia genus. The results showed that the germination percentages and tube lengths of genotypes decreased at the end of storage period. MH22, MH45, MH47, MH56, MH67, MH70, MH71, MH72, MH74, MH55 and MH61 genotypes were evaluated as vigor genotypes, because they maintained their viability and germination capability displaying statistically insignificant decreasing although their tube lengths significantly decreased except MH67. This investigation provided to determine some robust wild male germplasm resources in A. eriantha in point of durability of pollens against long term conservation for using at future pollination and breeding programs.

Effects of Stored Pollens from Wild <i>Actinidia eriantha</i>Vines on Some Fruit Quality Traits

Our study was conducted to determine In vitro germination ability of pollens from 25 wild Actinidia eriantha genotypes after one year freeze storage, afterwards we examined fertilization ability of stored pollens of 8 genotypes selected according to In vitro test results from aforementioned 25 genotypes, and finally investigated effects of stored viable pollens from “MH67”, “MH55”, “MH48” and “MH45” genotypes on fruit quality characters of the female experimental plant “M3” as the main purpose. Non-pollinated “M3” kiwifruit plant was taken as control. We found that In vitro germination and fertilization ability of different stored pollen sources, and also fruit quality characters including dry matter, total sugar, titratable acid, vitamin C, total polyphenol, total flavonoid, chlorophyll (“a”, “b”, and total) and carotenoid contents except total soluble solid content were significantly different. MH67 and MH45 genotypes were evaluated as the most suitable pollenizers which can be recommended as new candidate cultivars because of long term storage ability and brought about desired fruit quality characters. They also will be investigated more at further breeding studies.

Image defocus deblurring method based on gradient difference of boundary neighborhood

Background For static scenes with multiple depth layers,existing defocused image deblurring methods have the problems of edge-ringing artifacts or insufficient deblurring owing to inaccurate estimation of the blur amount,and prior knowledge in nonblind deconvolution is not strong,which leads to image detail recovery challenges.Methods To this end,this study proposes a blur map estimation method for defocused images based on the gradient difference of the boundary neighborhood,which uses the gradient difference of the boundary neighborhood to accurately obtain the amount of blurring,thereby preventing boundary ringing artifacts.The obtained blur map is then used for blur detection to determine whether the image needs to be deblurred,thereby improving the efficiency of deblurring without manual intervention and judgment.Finally,a nonblind deconvolution algorithm was designed to achieve image deblurring based on the blur amount selection strategy and sparse prior.Results Experimental results showed that our method improves PSNR(Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio)and SSIM(Structural Similarity Index)by an average of 4.6%and 7.3%,respectively,compared to existing methods.Conclusions Experimental results showed that the proposed method outperforms existing methods.Compared to existing methods,our method can better solve the problems of boundary ringing artifacts and detail information preservation in defocused image deblurring.

C-myc modulates the replication of RGNNV via glutamine-mediated ATP production in grouper fin cells

C-myc is a proto-oncogene that plays an important role in a variety of diseases.There were a lot of research on the correlation between C-myc and human viruses.However,the study about C-myc related to aquatic species virus is very limited.In the present study,the qRT-PCR,cellular immunofluorescence and western blotting determination data reported that C-myc and glutaminase(GLS)genes were significantly upregulated when grouper fin cells(GF-1)were infected with red grouper nervous necrosis virus(RGNNV).After knocking down the C-myc gene,the mRNA and protein levels of GLS,capsid protein(CP)and RNA polymerase(RdRp)of RGNNV were significantly reduced in RGNNV-infected GF-1 cells and the overexpression of the C-myc gene remarkably promoted these genes,which indicated that the replication of the virus and GLS gene were positively regulated by C-myc in RGNNV-infected GF-1 cells.In addition,supplementation of exogenous ATP can partially restore viral replication when RGNNV-infected GF-1 cells were cultured in glutamine-free medium,which confirmed that the glutamine was decomposed into ATP to provide energy for viral replication.Further studies confirmed that overexpression of C-myc can increase the content of ATP in normal cells.To sum up,these data suggested that activation of C-myc gene affected viral replication by regulating GLS expression to drive glutamine dissolution.