Scarcity and Mental Health—Multiple Mediators of Sleep Quality and Life Satisfaction

Background:In the current social environment,scarcity,as a universally present objective state,profoundly impacts individuals’decision-making and health through the subjective feeling it induces,known as a“scarcity mindset.”Particularly,the feeling of scarcity related to money and sleep time is not only widespread but also directly linked to an individual’s mental health.Purpose:This study aims to delve into the relationship between the feeling of scarcity and mental health,with a specific focus on the relationship between the feeling of money scarcity or sleep time scarcity and mental health,as well as the role of sleep quality or life satisfaction in this relationship.Procedure:We determined the sampling quotas based on the population and economic development levels of each province in the“China Statistical Yearbook(2021)”(National Bureau of Statistics,2021).Participants were selected using the Probability Proportional to Size(PPS)sampling method.Data was collected by distributing online questionnaires to participants,and the relationships between the main variables were explored using structural equation modeling.Results:1.In China,the feeling of sleep time scarcity is stronger than the feeling of money scarcity among the public.2.The feeling of money scarcity is positively correlated with depression and anxiety,whereas the feeling of sleep time scarcity is only positively correlated with depression.3.The feeling of scarcity mainly leads to depression and self-denial through reducing life satisfaction,and it leads to anxiety through reducing sleep quality.Conclusion:The feeling of scarcity in money and sleep time is related to different dimensions of mental health.Therefore,reasonably planning financial allocation and ensuring an adequate amount of sleep can reduce the sense of scarcity,thereby improving mental health.Additionally,improving sleep quality and increasing life satisfaction can alleviate the adverse effects of scarcity on mental health.

The Impact of Sleep Determination on Procrastination before Bedtime:The Role of Anxiety

Objective:The importance of good sleep for energy recovery and overall physical and mental health cannot be overstated.However,the increasing competitiveness of society,diversifying lifestyles,and the rapid spread of the internet and electronic devices have significantly impacted people’s sleep patterns,particularly through bedtime procrastination.Therefore,this study aims to investigate the relationship and underlying mechanisms between sleep determination,anxiety,and bedtime procrastination among the Chinese population.Method:The study utilized data from a national survey—the China Residents’Sleep Condition Survey(November 2021,with 6,037 participants).By constructing mediation and moderation models,it analyzed the relationship and mechanisms between sleep determination and bedtime procrastination,highlighting the dual role of anxiety:as a mediator between sleep determination and bedtime procrastination,and as a moderator of their relationship.Results:There was a negative correlation between sleep determination and bedtime procrastination;anxiety was related to an increase in bedtime procrastination behaviors;In the interplay between sleep determination and pre-bedtime procrastination,the regulatory effect of anxiety is found to be more pronounced than its intermediary role,with anxiety significantly diminishing the inverse relationship between sleep determination and procrastination before bedtime.Conclusion:Bedtime procrastination can lead to sleep issues,thus reducing sleep quality.Enhancing sleep determination or alleviating pre-sleep anxiety can help inhibit bedtime procrastination behaviors.Intervening and reducing bedtime procrastination is one of the effective measures to improve sleep quality.

Synthesis of novel p-n heterojunction m-Bi_2O_4/BiOCl nanocomposite with excellent photocatalytic activity through ion-etching method

A novel p‐n heterostructure photocatalyst m‐Bi2O4/BiOCl was successfully synthetized through a facile ion‐etching method.Via adjusting the added volume of HCl solution,a series of different ratios of composite photocatalysts were obtained.The as‐prepared samples of physical,chemical and optical characteristics were examined by X‐ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,transmission electron microscope,energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy,selected‐area electron diffraction,Fourier transform infrared absorption,Raman microscope,N2 adsorption‐desorption,X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and UV‐vis spectrum technologies.The photocatalysts showed high degradation rate and complete mineralization ability for methyl orange and tetracycline solution under visible light.The reaction rate constant of m‐Bi2O4/BiOCl for methyl orange was 52.28 times higher than that of BiOCl.The characterization presented a good stability of materials.Furthermore,the photocurrent response test certified that the heterostructure effectively accelerated the separation and migration of photo‐generated carries.The scavenger experiments evidenced that hole(h+)and superoxide radical(?O2?)were the primary active radicals.A possible photocatalytic mechanism was proposed.This work provided an alternative photocatalyst applied to water environmental remediation.

An Energy Based Dynamic AODV Routing Protocol in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

In recent years,with the rapid development of the Internet and wireless communication technology,wireless Ad hoc networks have received more attention.Due to the limited transmission range and energy of nodes in Ad hoc networks,it is important to establish a reliable and energy-balanced transmission path in Ad hoc networks.This paper proposes an energy-based dynamic routing protocol based on the existing AODV routing protocol,which has the following two aspects of improvement:(1)In the route discovery process,a node selects a suitable route from the minimum energy consumption route and the energy-balanced route designed in this paper according to a“Mark”bit that representing remaining energy of a node.(2)Based on(1),a route interruption update strategy was proposed to restart the route discovery process when node energy was used excessively.Simulation results demonstrate that compared with AODV and other existing routing protocols,proposed algorithm can reduce network energy consumption and balance node energy,thus extending the network lifetime.

Analysis of the Effect of Optical Properties of Black Carbon on Ozone in an Urban Environment at the Yangtze River Delta,China

Black carbon(BC)reduces the photolysis coefficient by absorbing solar radiation,thereby affecting the concentration of ozone(O_(3))near the ground.The influence of BC on O_(3)has thus received much attention.In this study,Mie scattering and the tropospheric Ultraviolet and Visible radiation model are used to analyze the effect of BC optical properties on radiation.Combined with data of O_(3)precursors in Nanjing in 2014,an EKMA curve is drawn,and the variations in O_(3)concentration are further investigated using a zero-dimensional box mechanism model(NCAR MM).When O_(3)precursors are unchanged,radiation and O_(3)show a highly similar tendency in response to changing BC optical properties(R=0.997).With the increase of modal radius,the attenuation of fresh BC to radiation and O_(3)first trends upward before decreasing.In the mixing process,the attenuation of BC to radiation and O_(3)presents an upward tendency with the increase of relative humidity but decreases rapidly before increasing slowly with increasing thickness of coating.In addition,mass concentration is another major factor.When the BC to PM_(2.5)ratio increases to 5%in Nanjing,the radiation decreases by approximately 0.13%-3.71%while O_(3)decreases by approximately 8.13%-13.11%.The radiative effect of BC not only reduces O_(3)concentration but also changes the EKMA curve.Compared with the NO_(x)control area,radiation has a significant influence on the VOCs control area.When aerosol optical depth(AOD)increases by 17.15%,the NO_(x)to VOCs ratio decreases by 8.27%,and part of the original NO_(x)control area is transferred to the VOCs control area.