Fuzzy Logic-Based Health Monitoring System for COVID’19 Patients

In several countries,the ageing population contour focuses on high healthcare costs and overloaded health care environments.Pervasive health care monitoring system can be a potential alternative,especially in the COVID-19 pandemic situation to help mitigate such problems by encouraging healthcare to transition from hospital-centred services to self-care,mobile care and home care.In this aspect,we propose a pervasive system to monitor the COVID’19 patient’s conditions within the hospital and outside by monitoring their medical and psychological situation.It facilitates better healthcare assistance,especially for COVID’19 patients and quarantined people.It identies the patient’s medical and psychological condition based on the current context and activities using a fuzzy context-aware reasoning engine based model.Fuzzy reasoning engine makes decisions using linguistic rules based on inference mechanisms that support the patient condition identication.Linguistics rules are framed based on the fuzzy set attributes belong to different context types.The fuzzy semantic rules are used to identify the relationship among the attributes,and the reasoning engine is used to ensure precise real-time context interpretation and current evaluation of the situation.Outcomes are measured using a fuzzy logic-based context reasoning system under simulation.The results indicate the usefulness of monitoring the COVID’19 patients based on the current context.

Entropy generation analysis of natural convective radiative second grade nanofluid flow between parallel plates in a porous medium

The present article explores the entropy generation of radiating viscoelastic second grade nanofluid in a porous channel confined between two parallel plates. The boundaries of the plates are maintained at distinct temperatures and concentrations while the fluid is being sucked and injected periodically through upper and lower plates. The buoyancy forces, thermophoresis and Brownian motion are also considered due to the temperature and concentration differences across the channel. The system of governing partial differential equations has been transferred into a system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs) by appropriate similarity relations, and a shooting method with the fourth-order Runge-Kutta scheme is used for the solutions. The results are analyzed in detail for dimensionless velocity components. The temperature, concentration distributions, the entropy generation number, and the Bejan number corresponding to various fluid and geometric parameters are shown graphically. The skin friction, heat and mass transfer rates are presented in the form of tables. It is noticed that the temperature profile of the fluid is enhanced with the Brownian motion, whereas the concentration profile of the fluid is decreased with the thermophoresis parameter, and the entropy and Bejan numbers exhibit the opposite trend for the suction and injection ratio.

An Efficient Sound and Data Steganography Based Secure Authentication System

The prodigious advancements in contemporary technologies have also brought in the situation of unprecedented cyber-attacks.Further,the pin-based security system is an inadequate mechanism for handling such a scenario.The reason is that hackers use multiple strategies for evading security systems and thereby gaining access to private data.This research proposes to deploy diverse approaches for authenticating and securing a connection amongst two devices/gadgets via sound,thereby disregarding the pins’manual verification.Further,the results demonstrate that the proposed approaches outperform conventional pin-based authentication or QR authentication approaches.Firstly,a random signal is encrypted,and then it is transformed into a wave file,after which it gets transmitted in a short burst via the device’s speakers.Subsequently,the other device/gadget captures these audio bursts through its microphone and decrypts the audio signal for getting the essential data for pairing.Besides,this model requires two devices/gadgets with speakers and a microphone,and no extra hardware such as a camera,for reading the QR code is required.The first module is tested with realtime data and generates high scores for the widely accepted accuracy metrics,including precision,Recall,F1 score,entropy,and mutual information(MI).Additionally,this work also proposes a module helps in a secured transmission of sensitive data by encrypting it over images and other files.This steganographic module includes two-stage encryption with two different encryption algorithms to transmit data by embedding inside a file.Several encryption algorithms and their combinations are taken for this system to compare the resultant file size.Both these systems engender high accuracies and provide secure connectivity,leading to a sustainable communication ecosystem.

Electro-magneto-hydrodynamic flow of couple stress nanofluids in micro-peristaltic channel with slip and convective conditions

This study explores the effects of electro-magneto-hydrodynamics,Hall currents,and convective and slip boundary conditions on the peristaltic propulsion of nanofluids(considered as couple stress nanofluids)through porous symmetric microchannels.The phenomena of energy and mass transfer are considered under thermal radiation and heat source/sink.The governing equations are modeled and non-dimensionalized under appropriate dimensionless quantities.The resulting system is solved numerically with MATHEMATICA(with an in-built function,namely the Runge-Kutta scheme).Graphical results are presented for various fluid flow quantities,such as the velocity,the nanoparticle temperature,the nanoparticle concentration,the skin friction,the nanoparticle heat transfer coefficient,the nanoparticle concentration coefficient,and the trapping phenomena.The results indicate that the nanoparticle heat transfer coefficient is enhanced for the larger values of thermophoresis parameters.Furthermore,an intriguing phenomenon is observed in trapping:the trapped bolus is expanded with an increase in the Hartmann number.However,the bolus size decreases with the increasing values of both the Darcy number and the electroosmotic parameter.

Peristaltic transport of MHD Williamson fluid in an inclined asymmetric channel through porous medium with heat transfer

The intention of this investigation is to study the effects of heat transfer and inclined magnetic field on the peristaltic flow of Williamson fluid in an asymmetric channel through porous medium. The governing two-dimensional equations are simplified under the assumption of long wavelength approximation. The simplified equations are solved for the stream function, temperature, and axial pressure gradient by using a regular perturbation method. The expression for pressure rise is computed numerically. The profiles of velocity, pressure gradient, temperature, heat transfer coefficient and stream function are sketched and interpreted for various embedded parameters and also the behavior of stream function for various wave forms is discussed through graphs. It is observed that the peristaltic velocity increases from porous medium to non-porous medium, the magnetic effects have increasing effect on the temperature, and the size of the trapped bolus decreases with the increasing of magnetic effects while the trend is reversed with the increasing of Darcy number. Moreover, limiting solutions of our problem are in close agreement with the corresponding results of the Newtonian fluid model.

Novel and efficient supramolecular synthesis of pyrroles in the presence of β-cyclodextrin in water

A simple and efficient synthesis of highly substituted pyrroles was achieved in water medium via multi-component strategy, using amine, DMAD/DEAD as well as phenacyl bromide catalyzed by β-CD. Utilizing this protocol various pyrrole derivatives were synthesized in good to excellent yields.

Effects of viscous dissipation and Joule heating on the Couette and Poiseuille flows of a Jeffrey fluid with slip boundary conditions

In this article,we have presented the exact solutions of the Couette,Poiseuille and generalized Couette flows of an incompressible magnetohydrodynamic Jeffrey fluid between parallel plates through homogeneous porous medium.The effects of slip boundary conditions and heat transfer are considered.Viscous dissipation,radiation and Joule heating are also considered in the energy equation.The governing equations of the Jeffrey fluid flow are modeled in Cartesian coordinate system.Analytical solutions for the velocity and temperature the velocity and temperature profiles are studied and the results are presented through graphs.It Temperature behaves as a decreasing function due to the impact of Hartmann number,non-Newtonian parameter and slip parameter in all noted problems.

TCRAIN–A DATABASE OF TROPICAL CYCLONE RAINFALL PRODUCTS FOR NORTH INDIAN OCEAN

Analysis of tropical cyclone(TC) rainfall characteristics helps in understanding and improving quantitative precipitation forecasts of TCs. Based on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM) rainfall data for the period of 2000-2010, a TC rainfall database –Tropical Cyclone Rainfall Analysis for North Indian Ocean(TCRAIN) is developed to study the precipitation characteristics during various stages of life cycle of TCs of the North Indian Ocean(NIO). Three rainfall products, viz., frequency distribution of rain rate, azimuthally averaged radial profile of rain rate and quadrant mean rain rate with respect to the TC centre and the direction of motion of the TC are generated in a Lagrangian frame of coordinate system for 5 intensity stages of life cycle of each cyclone over NIO. Using this TCRAIN database, composites of frequency distribution of rain rates as well as quadrant mean rain rate for TCs of NIO are generated to bring out probable rain rates and asymmetric structure in rainfall distribution. Rainfall profiles for individual cases are likely to deviate from the climatological profiles under different environmental and oceanic conditions. TCRAIN database would serve as a useful tool for carrying out intensity based analytical studies on structure of rainfall associated with cyclones of NIO through ready depiction of TC rainfall profiles.

Cilia-assisted hydromagnetic pumping of biorheological couple stress fluids

A theoretical study is conducted for magnetohydrodynamic pumping of electroconductive couple stress physiological liquids(e.g.blood)through a two-dimensional ciliated channel.A geometric model is employed for the cilia which are distributed at equal intervals and produce a whip-like motion under fluid interaction which obeys an elliptic trajectory.A metachronal wave is mobilized by the synchronous beating of cilia and the direction of wave propagation is parallel to the direction of fluid flow.A transverse static magnetic field is imposed transverse to the channel length.The Stokes’couple stress(polar)rheological model is utilized to characterize the liquid.The normalized two-dimensional conservation equations for mass,longitudinal and transverse momentum are reduced with lubrication approximations(long wavelength and low Reynolds number assumptions)and feature a fourth order linear derivative in axial velocity representing couple stress contribution.A coordinate transformation is employed to map the unsteady problem from the wave laboratory frame to a steady problem in the wave frame.No slip conditions are imposed at the channel walls.The emerging linearized boundary value problem is solved analytically and expressions presented for axial(longitudinal)velocity,volumetric flow rate,shear stress function and pressure rise.The flow is effectively controlled by three geometric parameters,viz cilia eccentricity parameter,wave number and cilia length and two physical parameters,namely magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)body force parameter and couple stress non-Newtonian parameter.Analytical solutions are numerically evaluated with MATLAB software.Axial velocity is observed to be enhanced in the core region with greater wave number whereas it is suppressed markedly with increasing cilia length,couple stress and magnetic parameters,with significant flattening of profiles with the latter two parameters.Axial pressure gradient is decreased with eccentricity parameter whereas it is elevated with cilia length,in the channel core region.Increasing couple stress and magnetic field parameter respectively enhance and suppress pressure gradient across the entire channel width.The pressure-flow rate relationship is confirmed to be inversely linear and pumping,free pumping and augmented pumping zones are all examined.Bolus trapping is also analyzed.The study is relevant to MHD biomimetic blood pumps.

Simultaneous effects of MHD and Joule heating on the fundamental flows of a Casson liquid with slip

Magnetic field plays a significant role in innumerable fields like mechanical,chemical,biological and medical research.Few examples include power generation systems,magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)accelerators,liquid metal fluids,cooling of nuclear reactors,hightemperature plasmas,chemical processing equipment and electronic components.In view of these facts,the current investigation discusses the fundamental flows of a Casson fluid in horizontal parallel plates(three fundamental situations considered such as the plate walls progresses in the conflicting directions,the progress of lower plate in the flow direction and other is in fixed position,and the progress of the plates in the flow direction respectively).Influences of radiation,velocity slip,porous medium and Joule heating are considered into account.The flow situation is assumed in Cartesian coordinate system.The momentum and energy equations are transformed into non-dimensional system utilizing appropriate nondimensional parameters.The exact solutions of the non-dimensional differential equations have been obtained.The pictorial representations are provided for the velocity as well as temperature characteristics in all the mentioned cases.It is concluded by graphical approach that velocity is enhanced in the case of increasing Darcy’s parameter and boundary slip while reduced for the large magnetic field.On the other hand,it is found that slip factor is reducing the heat transfer rate while magnetic field is giving rise to it.