Experimental and numerical study on protective effect of RC blast wall against air shock wave

Prototype experiments were carried out on the explosion-proof performance of the RC blast wall.The mass of TNT detonated in the experiments is 5 kg and 20 kg respectively.The shock wave overpressure was tested in different regions.The above experiments were numerically simulated,and the simulated shock wave overpressure waveforms were compared with that tested and given by CONWEP program.The results show that the numerically simulated waveform is slightly different from the test waveform,but similar to CONWEP waveform.Through dimensional analysis and numerical simulation under different working conditions,the equation for the attenuation rate of the diffraction overpressure behind the blast wall was obtained.According to the corresponding standards,the degree of casualties and the damage degree of the brick concrete building at a certain distance behind the wall can be determined when parameters are set.The above results can provide a reference for the design and construction of the reinforced concrete blast wall.

电子功能外延薄膜的电沉积(英文)

电沉积作为一种在温和条件下从溶液中合成材料的技术已被广泛应用于在导体和半导体基底表面合成各种功能材料。电沉积一般由人为施加于基底的电刺激(如:施加电位/电流)来触发。这种电刺激通过氧化或还原靠近基底表面的溶液层内部的离子、分子或配合物从而使该溶液层偏离其热力学平衡状态,随后引起目标产物在基底表面的沉积。在电沉积过程中,许多实验参数都可能从不同的方面对沉积物的物化性质造成影响。迄今为止,已通过电沉积制备出多种单质(包括金属和非金属单质)、化合物(例如:金属氧化物、金属氢氧化物、金属硫化物等)以及复合材料。电沉积制备的这些材料大多为多晶、织构或外延薄膜的形式。其中,外延薄膜是一种具有特定的面外和面内晶体生长取向且其晶体取向受基底控制的类单晶薄膜。由于外延薄膜中高度有序的原子排列,它们常呈现出独特的电磁性质。本文总结了常见的电沉积合成路线及影响沉积物外延生长的关键实验因素。此外,本文简要介绍了用于表征外延薄膜的技术。最后,本文还讨论了一些采用电沉积制备的具有特殊电子、电磁及光电特性的功能外延薄膜。

Induced Th2 dominant immune response in APPswe, PSEN1dE9 transgenic mice after nasal immunization with an adenoviral vector encoding 10 tandem repeats of beta-amyloid 3-10

Immunotherapy for Alzheimer＇s disease （AD） is effective in improving cognitive function in transgenic mouse models of AD. Because the AN1792 [beta-amyloid （Aβ） 1-42] vaccine was halted because of T cell mediated meningoencephalitis, many scientists are searching for a nove） vaccine to avoid the T cell mediated immune response caused by the Aβ1-42. Importantly, the time when the immunization is begun can influence the immune effect. In this study, an adenovirus vaccine was constructed containing 10 x Aβ3-10 repeats and gene adjuvant CpG DNA. Transgenic AD mice were immunized intranasally for 3 months. After 10 × Aβ3-10 vaccine immunization, high titers of anti-Aβ42 IgG1 predominant antibodies were induced. In spatial learning ability and probe tests, the 10 × Aβ3-10 immunized mice showed significantly improved memories compared to control mice. The 10 × Aβ3-10 vaccine resulted in a robust Th2 dominant humoral immune response and reduced learning deficits in AD mice. In addition, the 10 × Aβ3-10 vaccine might be more efficient if administered before Aβ aggregation at an early stage in the AD mouse brain. Thus, the adenovirus vector encoding 10 × Aβ-10 is a promising vaccine for AD.

Feasibility of a novel vermitechnology using vermicast as substrate for activated sludge disposal by two epigeic earthworm species

This study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of vermicomposting by using vermicast as the substrate for the stabilization of municipal activated sludge, called hereafter as direct vermistabilization, in which the pre-treatment and bulking materials required in previous practices were all omitted. For this purpose, two epigeic earthworm species, namely Eisenia foetida and Bimastus parvus, were inoculated into substrate for composting fresh dewatered activated sludge. Direct vermistabilization resulted in significant reductions in pH, TOC, C/N ratio and the content of heavy metals, as well as increases in EC, total N, total P and total K in the final vermicast. Moreover, both Eisenia foetida and Bimastus parvus showed faster growth rate and higher cocoon production. The results of this study suggest that the direct vermistabilization has the advantages of being simple, cost-effective and efficient, and can thus be used as a feasible vermicomposting approach to convert fresh dewatered activated sludge into a valuable product for agricultural use. The results also suggest that Bimastus parvus can be used as a new potential candidate for vermicomposting of municipal activated sludge.

Measurement of electronic structure in van der Waals ferromagnet Fe_(5-x)GeTe_(2)

As a van der Waals ferromagnet with high Curie temperature,Fe_(5-x)GeTe_(2) has attracted tremendous interests recently.Here,using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy(ARPES),we systematically investigated the electronic structure of Fe_(5-x)GeTe_(2) crystals and its temperature evolution.Our ARPES measurement reveals two types of band structures from two different terminations with slight kz evolution.Interestingly,across the ferromagnetic transition,we observed the merging of two split bands above the Curie temperature,suggesting the band splitting due to the exchange interaction within the itinerant Stoner model.Our results provide important insights into the electronic and magnetic properties of Fe_(5-x)GeTe_(2) and the understanding of magnetism in a two-dimensional ferromagnetic system.

Dynamic modulation of nodulation factor receptor levels by phosphorylation-mediated functional switch of a RING-type E3 ligase during legume nodulation

The precise control of receptor levels is crucial for initiating cellular signaling transduction in response to specific ligands;however,such mechanisms regulating nodulation factor(NF)receptor(NFR)-mediated perception of NFs to establish symbiosis remain unclear.In this study,we unveil the pivotal role of the NFR-interacting RING-type E3 ligase 1(NIRE1)in regulating NFR1/NFR5 homeostasis to optimize rhizobial infection and nodule development in Lotus japonicus.We demonstrated that NiRE1 has a dual function in this regulatory process.It associates with both NFR1 and NFR5,facilitating their degradation through K48-linked polyubiquitination before rhizobial inoculation.However,following rhizobial inoculation,NFR1 phosphorylates NIRE1ata conserved residue,Tyr-109,inducing a functional switch in NIRE1,which enables NIRE1tomediateK63-linkedpolyubiquitination,thereby stabilizing NFR1/NFR5 in infected root cells.The introduction of phospho-dead NIRE1Y1osF leads to delayed nodule development,underscoring the significance of phosphorylation at Tyr-1o9 in orchestrating symbiotic processes.Conversely,expression of the phospho-mimic NIRE1Y0E results in the formation of spontaneous nodules in L.japonicus,further emphasizing the critical role of the phosphorylation-dependent functional switch in NiRE1.In summary,these findings uncover a fine-tuned symbiotic mechanism that a single E3 ligase could undergo a phosphorylationdependent functional switch to dynamically and precisely regulate NF receptor protein levels.

Overcoming Spatial Constraints in VR:A Survey of Redirected Walking Techniques

As the virtual reality(VR)technology strives to provide immersive and natural user experiences,the challenge of aligning vast virtual environments with limited physical spaces remains significant.This survey comprehensively explores the advancements in redirected walking(RDW)techniques aimed at overcoming spatial constraints in VR.RDW addresses this by subtly manipulating users’physical movements to allow for seamless navigation within constrained areas.The survey delves into gain perception mechanisms,detailing how slight discrepancies between virtual and real-world movements can be utilized without user awareness,thus extending the effective navigable space.Various RDW control algorithms for gain-based RDW are analyzed,highlighting their implementation and effectiveness in maintaining immersion and minimizing perceptual disturbances.Furthermore,novel methods extending beyond traditional gain-based techniques are discussed,showcasing innovative approaches that further refine VR interactions.The practical implications of RDW in enhancing safety and reducing physical collisions in VR environments are underscored,alongside its potential to improve user experience by aligning virtual exploration more closely with natural human behavior patterns.Through a thorough review of existing literature and recent advancements,this survey provides a systematic understanding for researchers,developers,and industry professionals.It underscores the importance of RDW in the future of VR,emphasizing RDW's role in making VR more accessible and practical across various applications,from education and training to therapy and entertainment.The paper concludes with a forward-looking perspective on the continued evolution and potential of RDW in revolutionizing virtual reality experiences.

Use of mineralized collagen bone graft substitutes and dorsal locking plate in treatment of elder metaphyseal comminuted distal radius fracture

Bone graft may be needed to fill bone defect in elderly patients with a metaphyseal comminuted distal radius fracture. In this retrospective, nonrandomized, single-surgeon study, we evaluated the clinical and radiologic outcomes of using both dorsal locking plates with or without augmentation with mineralized collagen （MC） bone graft for elderly patients with dorsally metaphyseal comminuted radius fractures. Patients in group 1 （n = 12） were treated with dorsal locking plates with MC bone graft application into the metaphyseal bone defect, and those in group 2 （n - 12） only with dorsal locking plates. Clinical and radiologic parameters were determined at three and 12 months after surgery. At final follow-up, no significant difference was noted between the 2 groups in terms of palmar tilt and radial inclination （p - 0.80）; however, ulnar variance increased significantly in the group 2 treated with dorsal locking plates without augmentation （p〈0.05）. Functionally, there was no significant difference between the groups. Our preliminary study suggests that combination of MC as bone-graft substitutes and dorsal locking plates may be a usefully alternative for elderly patients with metaphyseal comminuted distal radius fracture.

Persistent surface states with diminishing gap in MnBi_(2)Te_(4)/Bi_(2)Te_(3) superlattice antiferromagnetic topological insulator

Magnetic topological quantum materials(TQMs) provide a fertile ground for the emergence of fascinating topological magneto-electric effects. Recently, the discovery of intrinsic antiferromagnetic(AFM) topological insulator MnBi_(2)Te_(4) that could realize quantized anomalous Hall effect and axion insulator phase ignited intensive study on this family of TQM compounds. Here, we investigated the AFM compound Mn Bi4 Te7 where Bi_(2)Te_(3) and MnBi_(2)Te_(4) layers alternate to form a superlattice. Using spatial-and angleresolved photoemission spectroscopy, we identified ubiquitous(albeit termination dependent) topological electronic structures from both Bi_(2)Te_(3) and MnBi_(2)Te_(4) terminations. Unexpectedly, while the bulk bands show strong temperature dependence correlated with the AFM transition, the topological surface states with a diminishing gap show negligible temperature dependence across the AFM transition.Together with the results of its sister compound MnBi_(2)Te_(4), we illustrate important aspects of electronic structures and the effect of magnetic ordering in this family of magnetic TQMs.