Preparation of MXene-based hybrids and their application in neuromorphic devices

The traditional von Neumann computing architecture has relatively-low information processing speed and high power consumption,making it difficult to meet the computing needs of artificial intelligence(AI).Neuromorphic computing systems,with massively parallel computing capability and low power consumption,have been considered as an ideal option for data storage and AI computing in the future.Memristor,as the fourth basic electronic component besides resistance,capacitance and inductance,is one of the most competitive candidates for neuromorphic computing systems benefiting from the simple structure,continuously adjustable conductivity state,ultra-low power consumption,high switching speed and compatibility with existing CMOS technology.The memristors with applying MXene-based hybrids have attracted significant attention in recent years.Here,we introduce the latest progress in the synthesis of MXene-based hybrids and summarize their potential applications in memristor devices and neuromorphological intelligence.We explore the development trend of memristors constructed by combining MXenes with other functional materials and emphatically discuss the potential mechanism of MXenes-based memristor devices.Finally,the future prospects and directions of MXene-based memristors are briefly described.

Role of self-assembled molecules’anchoring groups for surface defect passivation and dipole modulation in inverted perovskite solar cells

Inverted perovskite solar cells have gained prominence in industrial advancement due to their easy fabrication,low hysteresis effects,and high stability.Despite these advantages,their efficiency is currently limited by excessive defects and poor carrier transport at the perovskite-electrode interface,particularly at the buried interface between the perovskite and transparent conductive oxide(TCO).Recent efforts in the perovskite community have focused on designing novel self-assembled molecules(SAMs)to improve the quality of the buried interface.However,a notable gap remains in understanding the regulation of atomic-scale interfacial properties of SAMs between the perovskite and TCO interfaces.This understanding is crucial,particularly in terms of identifying chemically active anchoring groups.In this study,we used the star SAM([2-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid)as the base structure to investigate the defect passivation effects of eight common anchoring groups at the perovskite-TCO interface.Our findings indicate that the phosphonic and boric acid groups exhibit notable advantages.These groups fulfill three key criteria:they provide the greatest potential for defect passivation,exhibit stable adsorption with defects,and exert significant regulatory effects on interface dipoles.Ionized anchoring groups exhibit enhanced passivation capabilities for defect energy levels due to their superior Lewis base properties,which effectively neutralize local charges near defects.Among various defect types,iodine vacancies are the easiest to passivate,whereas iodine-substituted lead defects are the most challenging to passivate.Our study provides comprehensive theoretical insights and inspiration for the design of anchoring groups in SAMs,contributing to the ongoing development of more efficient inverted perovskite solar cells.

Facile preparation and efficient MnxCoy porous nanosheets for the sustainable catalytic process of soot

The pursuit of high-performance is worth considerable effort in catalysis for energy efficiency and environmental sustainability. To develop redox catalysts with superior performance for soot combustion, a series of Mn_(x)Co_(y) oxides were synthesized using MgO template substitution.This method greatly improves the preparation and catalytic efficiency and is more in line with the current theme of green catalysts and sustainable development. The resulting Mn_(1)Co_(2.3) has a strong activation capability of gaseous oxygen due to a high concentration of Co^(3+) and Mn^(3+). The Mn doping enhanced the intrinsic activity by prompting oxygen vacancy formation and gaseous oxygen adsorption. The nanosheet morphology with abundant mesoporous significantly increased the solid–solid contact efficiency and improved the adsorption capability of gaseous reactants. The novel design of Mn_(1)Co_(2.3)oxide enhanced its catalytic performance through a synergistic effect of Mn doping and the porous nanosheet morphology, showing significant potential for the preparation of high-performance soot combustion catalysts.

A chromosome-level genome assembly for Chinese plum‘Wushancuili'reveals the molecular basis of its fruit color and susceptibility to rain-cracking

Chinese plum(Prunus salicina Lindl.)originates from China and makes a large contribution to the global production of plums.The P.salicina‘Wushancuili'has a green coloration and high fruit quality and is economically important in eliminating poverty and protecting ecology in the Yangtze River Three Gorges Reservoir.However,rain-induced cracking(rain-cracking,literally skin cracking caused by rain)is a limitation to‘Wushancuili'fruit production and causes severe losses.This study reported a high-quality‘Wushancuili'genome assembly consisting of a 302.17-Mb sequence with eight pseudo-chromosomes and a contig N50 of 23.59 Mb through the combination of Illumina sequencing,Pacific Biosciences HiFiⅢsequencing,and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture technology.A total of 25109 protein-coding genes are predicted and 54.17%of the genome is composed of repetitive sequences.‘Wushancuili'underwent a remarkable orthoselection during evolution.Gene identification revealed that loss-of-function in four core MYB10 genes results in the anthocyanin deficiency and absence of red color,revealing the green coloration due to the residual high chlorophyll in fruit skin.Besides,the occurrence of cracking is assumed to be closely associated with cell wall modification and frequently rain-induced pathogen enrichment through transcriptomic analysis.The loss of MYB10 genes might render fruit more susceptible to pathogen-mediated cracking by weakening the epidermal strength and reactive oxygen species(ROS)scavenging.Our findings provided fundamental knowledge regarding fruit coloration and rain-cracking and will facilitate genetic improvement and cultivation management in Chinese plums.

Actively tuning anisotropic light-matter interaction in biaxial hyperbolic materialα-MoO_(3) using phase change material VO_(2) and graphene

Anisotropic hyperbolic phonon polaritons(PhPs)in natural biaxial hyperbolic materialα-MoO_(3) has opened up new avenues for mid-infrared nanophotonics,while active tunability ofα-MoO_(3) PhPs is still an urgent problem necessarily to be solved.In this study,we present a theoretical demonstration of actively tuningα-MoO_(3) PhPs using phase change material VO_(2) and graphene.It is observed thatα-MoO_(3) PhPs are greatly dependent on the propagation plane angle of PhPs.The insulator-to-metal phase transition of VO_(2) has a significant effect on the hybridization PhPs of theα-MoO_(3)/VO_(2) structure and allows to obtain actively tunableα-MoO_(3) PhPs,which is especially obvious when the propagation plane angle of PhPs is 900.Moreover,when graphene surface plasmon sources are placed at the top or bottom ofα-MoO_(3) inα-MoO_(3)/VO_(2)structure,tunable coupled hyperbolic plasmon-phonon polaritons inside its Reststrahlen bands(RB s)and surface plasmonphonon polaritons outside its RBs can be achieved.In addition,the above-mentionedα-MoO_(3)-based structures also lead to actively tunable anisotropic spontaneous emission(SE)enhancement.This study may be beneficial for realization of active tunability of both PhPs and SE ofα-MoO_(3),and facilitate a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of anisotropic light-matter interaction inα-MoO_(3) using functional materials.

Core-level spectroscopy of the photodissociation process of BrCN molecule

Fewest-switches surfacing hopping(FSSH) simulations have been performed with the high-level multi-reference electronic structure method to explore the coupled electronic and nuclear dynamics upon photoexcitation of cyanogen bromide(BrCN). The potential energy surfaces(PES) of BrCN are charted as functions of the Jacobi coordinates(R, θ). An indepth examination of the FSSH trajectories reveals the temporal dynamics of the molecule and the population changes of the lowest twelve states during BrCN's photodissociation process, which presents a rich tapestry of dynamical information.Furthermore, the carbon K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS) is calculated with multi-reference inner-shell spectral simulations. The rotation of the CN fragment and the elongation of the C–Br bond are found to be the reason for the peak shifting in the XAS. Our findings offer a nuanced interpretation for inner-shell probe investigations of BrCN, setting the stage for a deeper understanding of the photodissociation process of cyanogen halides molecules.

原发性获得性鼻泪管阻塞对泪膜及眼表的影响

目的:利用LipiView眼表面干涉仪和Keratograph 5M眼前节分析仪观察原发性获得性鼻泪管阻塞(PANDO)对泪膜及眼表的影响。方法:自身对照临床试验研究。将2021-09/2022-03我科收治的单侧PANDO且病程在6mo以上的患者40例纳入研究,以健眼作为对照。采用LipiView眼表面干涉仪和Keratograph 5M眼前节分析仪测量并分析双眼泪膜及眼表相关参数的差异。结果:纳入患者患眼非侵入性泪河高度(NITMH)、刺激后NITMH、上睑板腺缺失率、鼻颞侧睫状眼红指数、颞侧结膜眼红指数均高于健眼(P<0.05),但双眼非侵入性泪膜破裂时间(NIBUT)、下睑板腺缺失率、鼻侧结膜眼红指数、干眼分级、眨眼次数、不完全眨眼率、泪膜脂质层厚度(LLT)均无差异(P>0.05)。结论:PANDO可能导致眼表炎症加重及上睑板腺缺失,损害患者眼表健康,应重视早期PANDO的治疗。

Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to seeking medical eyecare services by adults with moderate-to-severe visual impairment in rural Yueqing, Wenzhou, China: a cross-sectional survey

AIM:To evaluate the knowledge,attitudes,and practices regarding eye-care seeking practices of visually impaired adults in a rural area Yueqing,and explore factors influencing their behavior.METHODS:A stratified sampling method was used to select 48 villages in Yueqing,from which 2400 people were selected to receive vision screenings conducted by oculists during a household visit.Those presenting visual acuity≥0.5 log MAR in either eye completed a self-designed questionnaire investigating their knowledge about medical eye-care seeking,attitudes about eye health and eye-careseeking behavior.RESULTS:Totally 165 people with moderate-to-severe visual impairment were identified(6.9%,165/2400),and 146 eligible participants were recruited(response rate:88.4%,mean age:68.6±15.0 y),among which 88(60.3%)were female.They had 82(56.2%)and 64(43.8%)monocular and binocular visual impairments respectively.A total of 67(45.9%)subjects demonstrated a high knowledge level about medical eye-care seeking and 88(60.3%)had self-rated poor vision,with 23(15%)receiving regular vision checks.The 105(71.9%)subjects had never been to hospital for an eye examination."No need"and"schedule conflicts"were the main reasons for not seeking eye care.Having extensive knowledge of medical eye-care seeking was positively associated with high education levels(OR=3.73,P=0.045)and negatively correlated with older age(OR=0.97,P=0.043).Both the self-perceived vision condition(OR=2.59,P=0.03)and regular vision check behavior(OR=6.50,P<0.01)were related with seeking eye care services.CONCLUSION:In rural Yueqing,intervention is required to increase public knowledge about seeking medical eye care among people with moderate-to-severe visual impairment,especially for the elderly and poorly education.Regular vision checks may be useful to promote their medical eye-care utilization.

角膜基质透镜植入联合角膜胶原交联术治疗圆锥角膜术后角膜上皮重塑

目的:观察飞秒激光辅助下的角膜基质透镜植入联合角膜胶原交联术(SLAK-CXL)治疗进展期圆锥角膜术后角膜上皮重塑情况,探讨角膜上皮重塑规律和影响因素,为进一步屈光矫正提供良好的时机选择。方法:回顾性、观察性研究。纳入2020-09/2021-10于我院接受SLAK-CXL的圆锥角膜患者28例29眼,记录手术前后视力、眼压(IOP)、屈光度、角膜曲率及角膜上皮厚度(CET),观察CET变化趋势,并根据透镜厚度和植入深度分析影响CET变化的因素。结果:与术前比较,纳入患者术后1mo角膜前表面曲率平坦值(K_(f))和陡峭值(K_(s))均升高(P<0.05),术后1、2、6mo,1a角膜最薄点厚度(TCT)均升高(P<0.05)。纳入患者术后CET随时间变化而变化,中央区CET变化趋势较明显。与术前相比,术后1、2、6mo,1a旁中央区上方、鼻上方、鼻侧和颞上方CET均降低,中周区上方、颞侧、颞上方CET均降低,外周区鼻上方CET均增加。术后1a,不同植入透镜深度和厚度患者各分区角膜上皮厚度变化量均无差异(P>0.05)。结论:首次发现SLAK-CXL治疗圆锥角膜术后角膜形态发生变化,CET呈先减少再增加再减少趋势,术后1a中央区、旁中央区CET降低,中周区、外周区CET增加,且角膜上皮重塑程度与术中植入透镜深度和厚度均无关。

通脉养心丸对心肌缺血再灌注大鼠心室重构的影响

[目的]本研究旨在确定通脉养心丸(TM)是否可以进一步缓解心室重构(VR)。探索潜在的机制。[方法]建立大鼠心肌缺血再灌注(I/R)损伤模型后,将大鼠分为7组,分别为对照组、假手术组、I/R组、TM(1 g/kg)组、TM(2 g/kg)组、TM(4 g/kg)组和通心络胶囊(TXL)组。在给药后第3天和第28天进行实验。通过超声检测心脏结构和功能。2,3,5-氯化三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色观察心肌缺血面积。通过苏木精-伊红染色进行心脏病理学评估。采用全自动生化分析仪和试剂盒分别检测心肌酶活性和氧化活性。Masson染色用于检测胶原化程度。通过ELISA检测炎症和心肌纤维化相关蛋白的表达水平。[结果]给药3天后,TM改善了心脏功能和形态。有效改善I/R大鼠心肌梗死面积,抑制心肌酶的异常活性,显著降低超氧化物歧化酶活性和CRP、TNF-α以及IL-1β蛋白表达。它抑制氧化应激和炎症的爆发,减少心肌病理损伤。给药28天后,TM改善心功能,抑制心室扩张,改善心室壁厚度,显著降低CTGF、MMP-2、MMP-9蛋白表达,降低心肌纤维化程度。[结论]TM可有效缩小梗死面积,改善心脏结构和功能,降低心肌胶原化程度,进一步缓解VR。具体机制涉及早期抑制炎症反应和晚期缓解心肌纤维化。

困难群众救助补助资金研究型审计框架及实现路径

研究型审计是推动新时代审计事业高质量发展的新理念和新抓手,也是实现政策研究与审计实践有机结合的新范式。研究型审计在困难群众救助补助资金审计中所具有的预防、揭示、抵御核心功能,其作用机理在于嵌入审前、审中、审后全流程,为审计实践赋能增效。基于审计项目的结构化特征,结合困难群众救助补助资金领域审计特点,提出了研究型审计嵌入审计流程的框架和路径,即审前要加强政治引领、精研审计政策与方案,选优配强审计队伍;审中创新审计理念,加强审计组织方式和审计取证研究;审后要加强审计建议研究,推动审计整改,实现审计成果转化运用。

Evaluating thermal expansion in fluorides and oxides:Machine learning predictions with connectivity descriptors

Open framework structures(e.g.,ScF_(3),Sc_(2)W_(3O)_(12),etc.)exhibit significant potential for thermal expansion tailoring owing to their high atomic vibrational degrees of freedom and diverse connectivity between polyhedral units,displaying positive/negative thermal expansion(PTE/NTE)coefficients at a certain temperature.Despite the proposal of several physical mechanisms to explain the origin of NTE,an accurate mapping relationship between the structural–compositional properties and thermal expansion behavior is still lacking.This deficiency impedes the rapid evaluation of thermal expansion properties and hinders the design and development of such materials.We developed an algorithm for identifying and characterizing the connection patterns of structural units in open-framework structures and constructed a descriptor set for the thermal expansion properties of this system,which is composed of connectivity and elemental information.Our developed descriptor,aided by machine learning(ML)algorithms,can effectively learn the thermal expansion behavior in small sample datasets collected from literature-reported experimental data(246 samples).The trained model can accurately distinguish the thermal expansion behavior(PTE/NTE),achieving an accuracy of 92%.Additionally,our model predicted six new thermodynamically stable NTE materials,which were validated through first-principles calculations.Our results demonstrate that developing effective descriptors closely related to thermal expansion properties enables ML models to make accurate predictions even on small sample datasets,providing a new perspective for understanding the relationship between connectivity and thermal expansion properties in the open framework structure.The datasets that were used to support these results are available on Science Data Bank,accessible via the link https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00100.

Realization of high-fidelity and robust geometric gates with time-optimal control technique in superconducting quantum circuit

One of the key features required to realize fault-tolerant quantum computation is the robustness of quantum gates against errors.Since geometric quantum gate is naturally insensitivity to noise,it appears to be a promising routine to achieve high-fidelity,robust quantum gates.The implementation of geometric quantum gate however faces some troubles such as its complex interaction among multiple energy levels.Moreover,traditional geometric schemes usually take more time than equivalent dynamical ones.Here,we experimentally demonstrate a geometric gate scheme with the time-optimal control(TOC)technique in a superconducting quantum circuit.With a transmon qubit and operations restricted to two computational levels,we implement a set of geometric gates which exhibit better robustness features against control errors than the dynamical counterparts.The measured fidelities of TOC X gate and X/2 gate are 99.81%and 99.79%respectively.Our work shows a promising routine toward scalable fault-tolerant quantum computation.

Negative Poisson's Ratios of Layered Materials by First-Principles High-Throughput Calculations

Auxetic two-dimensional(2D)materials,known from their negative Poisson's ratios(NPRs),exhibit the unique property of expanding(contracting)longitudinally while being laterally stretched(compressed),contrary to typical materials.These materials offer improved mechanical characteristics and hold great potential for applications in nanoscale devices such as sensors,electronic skins,and tissue engineering.Despite their promising attributes,the availability of 2D materials with NPRs is limited,as most 2D layered materials possess positive Poisson's ratios.In this study,we employ first-principles high-throughput calculations to systematically explore Poisson's ratios of 40 commonly used 2D monolayer materials,along with various bilayer structures.Our investigation reveals that BP,GeS and GeSe exhibit out-of-plane NPRs due to their hinge-like puckered structures.For 1T-type transition metal dichalcogenides such as M X_(2)(M=Mo,W;X=S,Se,Te)and transition metal selenides/halides the auxetic behavior stems from a combination of geometric and electronic structural factors.Notably,our findings unveil V_(2)O_(5) as a novel material with out-of-plane NPR.This behavior arises primarily from the outward movement of the outermost oxygen atoms triggered by the relaxation of strain energy under uniaxial tensile strain along one of the in-plane directions.Furthermore,our computations demonstrate that Poisson's ratio can be tuned by varying the bilayer structure with distinct stacking modes attributed to interlayer coupling disparities.These results not only furnish valuable insights into designing 2D materials with a controllable NPR but also introduce V_(2)O_(5) as an exciting addition to the realm of auxetic 2D materials,holding promise for diverse nanoscale applications.

加速康复外科和日间手术模式在胸外科中的应用现状及发展前景

加速康复外科理念联合微创外科技术的临床实施所取得的良好效果体现在降低围手术期并发症的发生率并缩短住院时间,已广泛应用于不同专业的外科领域。日间手术模式的实施可缩短患者等待手术时间,减轻经济负担,对于胸外科而言,在医院等待的时间越短,越有利于患者身体以及心理恢复。随着微创技术和加速康复流程的广泛实施,加速康复外科在胸外科手术中的应用使部分胸外科手术在日间病房完成成为可能,同时日间胸外科手术也是加速康复外科理念实施的集中体现。本文就加速康复外科在胸外科手术领域的应用现状和日间手术模式在我国的发展前景做一综述。

肺癌患者围手术期预防性抗凝的临床价值分析

背景与目的肺癌患者围手术期肺栓塞(pulmonary embolism, PE)发生率有增高的趋势,预防肺栓塞是加速康复外科的重要组成部分,然而肺癌患者围术期预防性抗凝时机仍存在争议。本研究旨在探讨肺癌患者围手术期应用抗凝药物预防肺栓塞的安全性和有效性。方法连续收集2016年6月-2016年12月,在四川大学华西医院胸外科行胸腔镜肺解剖性肺切除术的肺癌患者共562例,其中56例肺癌患术前12 h开始应用低分子肝素(low molecular weight heparin, LMWH)抗凝直到出院;506例患者术后24 h开始应用直到出院。分析围手术期胸腔引流量、术后出血和肺栓塞发生率、肺部相关并发症等。结果 (1)凝血酶原时间(prothrombin time, PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(activated partial thromboplastin time, APTT)和国际标准化比值(international normalized ratio, INR)在术前[(11.5±3.9) s,(27.8±3.5) s,(0.96±0.06) s]与术后抗凝组[(11.4±1.4) s,(28.3±4.0) s,(0.98±0.07) s]均无统计学差异(P=0.796,P=0.250, P=0.137);Caprini评分在术前(3.1±1.8)和术后(3.3±1.5)抗凝组也无统计学差异(P=0.104);(2)麻醉时间和术中出血量在术前抗凝组[(130.2±53.9) min,(76.8±49.3) mL]和术后抗凝组[(142.2±56.5) min,(73.7±41.6)mL]均无统计学差异(P=0.067, P=0.201)。(3)术后72 h总引流量在术前抗凝组[(728.1±505.7) mL]显著高于术后抗凝组[(596.4±373.5) mL](P=0.005),而两组患者术后总引流量[(1,066.8±1,314.6) mL,(907.8±999.8) mL]无差异(P=0.203);(4)肺栓塞和术后出血发生率在术前(1.785%, 1.785%)和术后(0.019%, 0.039%)抗凝组均无显著性差异(P=0.525, P=0.300);(5)皮下气肿和肺部感染发生率在术前(1.785%, 14.285%)和术后(1.581%, 6.324%)抗凝组均无显著性差异(P=0.989, P=0.085)。结论肺癌患者术前或术后预防性应用抗凝药物临床效果相当。

肺癌患者围手术期振动正压呼气训练有助于加速康复吗?

背景与目的振动正压呼气(oscillatory positive expiratory pressure, OPEP)训练是一种通过正压呼气装置(acapella)进行的呼吸训练。OPEP在慢性阻塞性肺疾病、支气管扩张症、肺囊肿等疾病的临床价值已经得到广泛探讨,但其在肺癌手术患者围术期的应用价值尚有待探索。本研究旨在探索围术期进行振动正压呼气训练对胸腔镜肺癌患者术后并发症发生率、肺功能、生活质量的影响。方法前瞻性收集2017年9月15日-2018年1月15日四川大学华西医院胸外科单个医疗组行胸腔镜肺叶切除的原发性非小细胞癌患者69例,随机分成实验组(35例)和对照组(34例)。实验组(acapella group, AG)围手术期采用振动正压呼气训练,对照组(control group, CG)进行常规围术期处理。对比分析两组在术后并发症发生率、肺功能、生活质量方面的差异。结果术后肺部并发症和肺不张在AG(2.9%, 0.0%)显著低于CG(20.6%, 14.7%)(P=0.03, P=0.03);平均住院日和术后住院日在AG(10.86±5.64,5.09±4.55)d显著短于CG(14.41±4.58, 7.59±3.21)d(P=0.01, P=0.01);住院药物费用在AG(4,413.60±1,772.35)$显著低于CG(6,490.35±3,367.66)$(P=0.01)。出院当日第1秒用力呼气容积(forced expiratory volume in the first second,FEV1)和呼气峰流速(peak expiratory flow, PEF)在AG[(1.50±0.32) L,(252.06±75.27) L/min]显著高于CG[(1.34±0.19) L,(216.94±49.72) L/min](P=0.03, P=0.03)。结论肺癌患者围手术期使用振动正压呼气训练有助于降低肺部并发症,同时能够加速患者康复。

青海省西宁市学龄前儿童视力及屈光状态调查

目的:对西宁市的4家幼儿园共1084名学龄前儿童的视力及其屈光状态进行调查,以发现超出正常范围的视力异常及屈光异常。方法:横断面调查研究。采用整体抽样的方法,于2019-10在西宁市城东、城西、城南和城北分别抽取4家幼儿园总计1084名3~6岁学龄前儿童,检查其裸眼远视力,并使用屈光筛查仪检查屈光状态。结果:西宁市幼儿园学龄前儿童视力异常检出率为12.21%,随着年龄的增长视力异常检出率有增加的趋势(χ^(2)lineartrend=94.40,P<0.05),且不同年龄组间比较具有差异性(χ^(2)=293.55,P<0.05)。屈光异常占检查总人数的6.09%,随着年龄增长,复性远视散光比例降低(χ^(2)lineartrend=1.79,P>0.05)。结论:西宁市学龄前儿童视力异常随年龄增长而逐渐增加;屈光状态以散光为主,其中混合散光和单纯近视散光比例最高,其次为单纯远视散光和复性远视散光;随着年龄增长,复性远视散光屈光度逐渐降低,符合儿童眼屈光发育的规律。

Bioinformatics analysis of key genes associated with the prognosis of breast cancer

Objective:We sought to identify potential therapeutic targets for breast cancer patients by employing a bioinformatics analysis to screen for genes linked with an unfavorable prognosis.Methods:The Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database was utilized to obtain three gene expression profile datasets,namely GSE42568,GSE86374,and GSE71053.To identify differentially expressed genes(DEGs),the GEO2R online tool was employed.Subsequently,a func-tional enrichment analysis was conducted.Moreover,a protein-protein interaction network was established using STRING,and DEGs were subjected to module analysis via Cytoscape software to identify pivotal genes.Additionally,the selected pivotal genes underwent further ex-amination and validation utilizing three databases:GEPIA,UALCAN,and Kaplan-Meier Plotter.Results:A total of 121 DEGs were detected,comprising 74 genes with increased expression and 47 genes with decreased expression.Ten key genes were identified:HMMR,RRM2,CDK1,TOP2A,AURKA,CCNB1,MAD2L1,KIF2C,BUB1B,UBE2C.Validation in the GEPIA database revealed high expression levels for all key genes except CDK1.A survival analysis conducted using the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database revealed noteworthy associations between nine crucial genes and the overall survival(OS)of individuals diagnosed with breast cancer.Moreover,these nine key genes exhibited significantly increased expression across different molecular subtypes of breast cancer according to the UALCAN data platform.Conclusions:We identified nine crucial genes significantly linked to the onset,progression,and unfavorable prognosis of breast cancer,providing potential targets for novel treatment options and biomarkers to predict patient outcomes.

ARMD出血患者血清miR-27a和NRF2的表达与预后的相关性

目的:检测年龄相关性黄斑变性(ARMD)出血患者血清微小RNA-27a(miR-27a)和转录因子E2相关因子(NRF2)的表达情况,并研究其相对表达量与ARMD出血患者预后的相关性。方法:采用回顾性病例对照研究,收集2018-06/2019-10在本院眼科确诊并治疗的ARMD出血患者80例为ARMD出血组,选取同期在本院进行常规检查的健康受试者80例为对照组。采用实时荧光定量PCR法(qRT-PCR)检测所有研究对象血清miR-27a和NRF2相对表达量;通过研究对象工作特征曲线(ROC)评估血清miR-27a和NRF2相对表达量对ARMD出血的诊断价值;分析患者预后不良情况发生率;采用Logistic回归分析ARMD出血患者预后不良的影响因素。结果:ARMD出血患者血清miR-27a相对表达量显著高于对照组(P<0.01),血清NRF2 mRNA相对表达量显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。ROC结果显示,血清miR-27a和NRF2诊断ARMD出血的AUC分别为0.867、0.820,截断值分别为1.10、1.08,此时对应灵敏度分别为71.3%、91.3%,特异性分别为90.0%、63.7%。血清miR-27a和NRF2联合检测ARMD出血的AUC为0.912,此时对应灵敏度和特异性分别为86.3%、85.0%。高miR-27a组患者预后不良发生率明显高于低miR-27a组(P<0.05);高NRF2组患者预后不良发生率显著低于低NRF2组(P<0.05)。Logistic分析显示,血清miR-27a高表达是影响ARMD出血患者发生预后不良的危险因素,血清NRF2高表达是影响ARMD出血患者发生预后不良的保护因素。结论:miR-27a在ARMD出血患者血清中的相对表达量明显升高,NRF2相对表达量明显降低,两者对ARMD出血具有一定诊断价值,且其表达情况与患者预后密切相关,提示血清miR-27a和NRF2可作为ARMD出血的早期诊断及预后评估的潜在生物学指标。