Quantitative impact of mating duration on reproduction and offspring sex ratio of Phytoseiulus persimilis(Acari: Phytoseiidae)

Phytoseiulus persimilis is an important biological control agent, commercially produced worldwide. To increase understandings of its reproduction, herein we provided quantitative descriptions of the inflation and deflation of its spermathecae as a function of time and copulation duration, and the quantitative impact of copulation termination on volume of spermatheca vesicle, fecundity, and offspring sex ratio. After mating started, at least one spermatheca started to inflate immediately, but no egg was produced until spermatheca volume reached 1 021 μm3. Beyond this size, cumulative fecundity was linearly correlated with vesicle volume. Producing one egg required 36 μm3 volume increase of the vesicle. Each spermatheca vesicle reached its peak size at the end of mating duration(ca. 2.38 h after mating started), and started to shrink immediately. In 24 h, ca. 71% individuals had one completely shriveled spermatheca, while in 72 h all individuals had at least one shriveled spermatheca. The estimated maximum cumulative fecundity per female after a single mating is(69.4±7.7) eggs. No significant impact of mating termination on offspring sex ratio was observed after mating duration reached 60 min, while higher proportion of male offspring was observed when mating duration is 15 or 30 min. This study is the first step to investigate possible male impact on offspring sex ratio in P. persimilis. Our results suggested the number of sperms received during mating be a restriction factor of P. persimilis offspring sex ratio regulation.

血清miR-30e-5p、NGAL在造影剂致急性肾损伤大鼠中的表达及其意义

目的 观察血清miR-30e-5p、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关的脂蛋白(NGAL)在造影剂致急性肾损伤(CI-AKI)大鼠血清中的表达,并探讨其意义。方法 将72只雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组和模型组,每组36只。所有大鼠禁食水12 h后,模型组给予腹腔注射10 mg·kg^(-1)呋塞米注射液,尾静脉注射10 mL·kg^(-1)76%复方泛影葡胺注射液;正常组给予腹腔及尾静脉各注射10 mL·kg^(-1)0.9%NaCl。用试剂盒检测血清肌酸酐(SCr)和NGAL的含量,用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测miR-30e-5p的表达水平。结果 模型组4 h的SCr表达量为(130.55±9.57)μmol·L^(-1),而后逐渐升高,8 h达到高峰,48 h的SCr表达量较0 h升高≥26.5μmol·L^(-1),表明大鼠造模成功。模型组4 h的血清NGAL表达量为(21.31±1.63)ng·mL^(-1),较0 h升高,无明显峰值。与正常组相比,模型组血清NGAL值均明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。模型组4 h的血清miR-30e-5p表达量为15.37±1.45,此时达高峰,48 h仍维持较高水平。模型组造模后不同时间点的SCr表达量和miR-30e-5p值均较正常组明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 与NGAL及SCr相比,miR-30e-5p具有成为CI-AKI新型诊断标志物的潜力。

超加工食品摄入与成人超重和肥胖关系研究进展

按食品加工程度和目的进行分类(NOVA),超加工食品(UPF)是指经过一系列复杂的工业加工制作,添加多种食品添加剂,普遍含有高糖、高盐、高脂肪、低蛋白、低膳食纤维、低微量营养素的一组方便即食、可口美味的食品。近年来,全球UPF消费量迅速增加,同时,超重和肥胖的流行率也在不断上升。研究表明UPF摄入与成人超重和肥胖关系密切,但结论尚存争议。本文针对UPF摄入与成人超重和肥胖关系的流行病学研究进展进行综述,旨在为更加深入的相关研究提供参考。