Rock has mechanical characteristics and a fracture damage mechanism that are closely related to its loading history and loading path. The mechanical properties, fracture damage features, acoustic emission(AE) characte...Rock has mechanical characteristics and a fracture damage mechanism that are closely related to its loading history and loading path. The mechanical properties, fracture damage features, acoustic emission(AE) characteristics, and strain energy evolution of the Beishan shallow-layer granite used in triaxial unloading tests were investigated in this study. Three groups of triaxial tests, namely, conventional triaxial compression test(Group Ⅰ), maintaining deviatoric stress synchronously unloading confining pressure test(Group Ⅱ), and loading axial pressure synchronously unloading confining pressure test(Group Ⅲ), were carried out for the cylindrical granite specimens. AE monitoring device was utilized in these tests to determine the degree to which the AE waves and AE events reflected the degree of rock damage. In addition, the crack stress thresholds of the specimens were determined by volumetric strain method and AE parameter method, and strain energy evolution of the rock was explored in different damage stages. The results show that the shallow-layer granite experiences brittle failure during the triaxial loading test and unloading test, and the rock has a greater damage degree during the unloading test. The crack stress thresholds of these samples vary greatly between tests, but the threshold ratios of all samples are similar in the same crack damage stage. The Mogi-Coulomb strength criterion can better describe the unloading failure strength of the rock. The evolution of the AE parameter characteristics and strain energy differs between the specimens used in different stress path tests. The dissipative strain energy is the largest in Group Ⅱ and the smallest in Group Ⅰ.展开更多
岩石在荷载作用下会产生破裂损伤,力学特性发生退化。为研究北山花岗岩在三轴压缩状态下的力学特性和破裂演化机制,采用MTS815 Flex Test GT和PCI-2声发射(AE)系统对北山花岗岩试样进行了三轴压缩试验,利用采集的声发射信号分析了试样...岩石在荷载作用下会产生破裂损伤,力学特性发生退化。为研究北山花岗岩在三轴压缩状态下的力学特性和破裂演化机制,采用MTS815 Flex Test GT和PCI-2声发射(AE)系统对北山花岗岩试样进行了三轴压缩试验,利用采集的声发射信号分析了试样的破裂演化机制,获得了北山花岗岩变形参数,并拟合得到了MohrCoulomb强度准则参数φ=53.25°,c=32.37 MPa,Hoek-Brown强度准则参数σc=173.23 MPa,mi=32.78,s=1,其中参数mi在低围压区间敏感性较强,在高围压区间拟合效果较好。试验结果表明:北山花岗岩的弹性模量与泊松比均随围压的增大呈非线性增长,当围压超过20 MPa时,泊松比趋于稳定;北山花岗岩三轴压缩应力-应变曲线峰前段主要分为初始压密、弹性变形、裂纹稳定扩展和裂纹非稳定扩展4个阶段;基于体积应变模型和体积应变法求得了各阶段分界点的特征应力,即裂隙闭合应力、起裂应力和裂纹损伤应力,特征应力均随围压增加而增大,起裂应力比为0.56~0.58,闭合应力比为0.32~0.44,损伤应力比0.73~0.87;试样的破坏形态主要为单面剪切破坏,且破裂角随围压增加而逐渐减小,低围压下张性劈裂对岩石破坏具有一定的影响,随着围压升高,劈裂成分逐渐减小破裂面趋于平整。展开更多
利用MTS815 Flex Test GT岩石力学试验系统及声发射(AE)三维定位实时监测系统,对北山花岗岩试样开展静态加载和循环加载两种加载方式的人字形切槽巴西圆盘(CCNBD)试验,旨在研究不同加载方式下北山花岗岩的断裂力学行为及声发射特征。测...利用MTS815 Flex Test GT岩石力学试验系统及声发射(AE)三维定位实时监测系统,对北山花岗岩试样开展静态加载和循环加载两种加载方式的人字形切槽巴西圆盘(CCNBD)试验,旨在研究不同加载方式下北山花岗岩的断裂力学行为及声发射特征。测试结果表明,北山花岗岩在静态加载下的平均断裂韧度值为1.180 MPa·m^(1/2),循环加载下的平均断裂韧度值为1.153MPa·m^(1/2),循环加载下岩石的断裂韧度降低了2.3%。通过循环加载试验证实了亚临界裂纹扩展的存在,并发现循环加卸载并不会改变CCNBD试样的破坏模式,试样仍保持脆性特征。结合力学特征曲线和声发射特征,对静态加载及循环加载下CCNBD试样的裂纹扩展过程进行分析,深化对不同加载方式下的CCNBD试样断裂特征的认识。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52278420)the China Atomic Energy Authority (CAEA) for China’s URL Development Program and the Geological Disposal Program。
文摘Rock has mechanical characteristics and a fracture damage mechanism that are closely related to its loading history and loading path. The mechanical properties, fracture damage features, acoustic emission(AE) characteristics, and strain energy evolution of the Beishan shallow-layer granite used in triaxial unloading tests were investigated in this study. Three groups of triaxial tests, namely, conventional triaxial compression test(Group Ⅰ), maintaining deviatoric stress synchronously unloading confining pressure test(Group Ⅱ), and loading axial pressure synchronously unloading confining pressure test(Group Ⅲ), were carried out for the cylindrical granite specimens. AE monitoring device was utilized in these tests to determine the degree to which the AE waves and AE events reflected the degree of rock damage. In addition, the crack stress thresholds of the specimens were determined by volumetric strain method and AE parameter method, and strain energy evolution of the rock was explored in different damage stages. The results show that the shallow-layer granite experiences brittle failure during the triaxial loading test and unloading test, and the rock has a greater damage degree during the unloading test. The crack stress thresholds of these samples vary greatly between tests, but the threshold ratios of all samples are similar in the same crack damage stage. The Mogi-Coulomb strength criterion can better describe the unloading failure strength of the rock. The evolution of the AE parameter characteristics and strain energy differs between the specimens used in different stress path tests. The dissipative strain energy is the largest in Group Ⅱ and the smallest in Group Ⅰ.
文摘利用MTS815 Flex Test GT岩石力学试验系统及声发射(AE)三维定位实时监测系统,对北山花岗岩试样开展静态加载和循环加载两种加载方式的人字形切槽巴西圆盘(CCNBD)试验,旨在研究不同加载方式下北山花岗岩的断裂力学行为及声发射特征。测试结果表明,北山花岗岩在静态加载下的平均断裂韧度值为1.180 MPa·m^(1/2),循环加载下的平均断裂韧度值为1.153MPa·m^(1/2),循环加载下岩石的断裂韧度降低了2.3%。通过循环加载试验证实了亚临界裂纹扩展的存在,并发现循环加卸载并不会改变CCNBD试样的破坏模式,试样仍保持脆性特征。结合力学特征曲线和声发射特征,对静态加载及循环加载下CCNBD试样的裂纹扩展过程进行分析,深化对不同加载方式下的CCNBD试样断裂特征的认识。
