黄河流域是我国重要的生态安全屏障和经济活动区域,其生态环境直接关系到我国西北、华北地区的生态安全和可持续发展.为深入了解黄河流域生态状况研究的发展趋势、研究现状及研究热点,本文基于Web of Science核心合集数据库和中国期刊...黄河流域是我国重要的生态安全屏障和经济活动区域,其生态环境直接关系到我国西北、华北地区的生态安全和可持续发展.为深入了解黄河流域生态状况研究的发展趋势、研究现状及研究热点,本文基于Web of Science核心合集数据库和中国期刊全文数据库CNKI,检索了1981-2022年有关“黄河流域生态状况”的中英文文献,并对9400篇文献进行计量分析,据此整理出该研究领域的发展趋势和研究热点,对不同研究区域在研究内容上的差异进行分析.结果表明:黄河流域生态状况研究正处于高速发展阶段,热点研究内容包括生态环境、水资源和水土保持,热点研究对象包括生态系统、植被和水生生物,研究区域涵盖黄河全流域,影响黄河流域生态状况的重点研究因素包括人类活动、环境因子和时空因素.此外,不同研究区域所涉及的影响因素和研究对象具有差异性:从影响因素看,在黄河上、中、下游地区主要关注人类活动的影响,而在黄河三角洲和黄河河口地区重点关注水质和重金属等环境因子,在黄河全流域和黄河源区更注重时空因素的影响;从研究对象看,在黄河源区主要关注草地生态系统,而在黄河上、中、下游以及黄河三角洲地区主要集中在生态系统和植被方面,黄河河口的研究则更加侧重水生生物群落.根据以上研究结果,未来关于黄河流域及其特定河段的研究需要在选择研究对象和影响因素时考虑研究区域的特点,以确保研究的科学性;同时,统筹发展要求科研工作者不断更新研究方法和评价方法,将环境DNA、遥感等技术手段和综合的环境评价指标应用到流域生态状况评价研究中.展开更多
In this paper, a filtering method is presented to estimate time-varying parameters of a missile dual control system with tail fins and reaction jets as control variables. In this method, the long-short-term memory(LST...In this paper, a filtering method is presented to estimate time-varying parameters of a missile dual control system with tail fins and reaction jets as control variables. In this method, the long-short-term memory(LSTM) neural network is nested into the extended Kalman filter(EKF) to modify the Kalman gain such that the filtering performance is improved in the presence of large model uncertainties. To avoid the unstable network output caused by the abrupt changes of system states,an adaptive correction factor is introduced to correct the network output online. In the process of training the network, a multi-gradient descent learning mode is proposed to better fit the internal state of the system, and a rolling training is used to implement an online prediction logic. Based on the Lyapunov second method, we discuss the stability of the system, the result shows that when the training error of neural network is sufficiently small, the system is asymptotically stable. With its application to the estimation of time-varying parameters of a missile dual control system, the LSTM-EKF shows better filtering performance than the EKF and adaptive EKF(AEKF) when there exist large uncertainties in the system model.展开更多
After the sewage treatment, putting the wet sludge in which the heavy metal content is extremely low, corrupt and broken straw, bentonite, urea in proportioning according to the certain ratio, mixing well-distributed,...After the sewage treatment, putting the wet sludge in which the heavy metal content is extremely low, corrupt and broken straw, bentonite, urea in proportioning according to the certain ratio, mixing well-distributed, taking the shape of Nitrogen slow-release fertilizers, doing the dynamic bioleaching test by the method of Artificial rainfall simulation, researching the slow-release characteristic, water retention. When the mass ratio of the wet sludge whose water content is 82.5%: bentonite: corrupt and broken straw: urea is 62.5: 12.5: 12.5: 12.5, drip washing the 10g Nitrogen slow-release fertilizers by the 80ml distilled water after 48h, the residue rate of urea is 29.63%; Under the room temperature of 25 ℃, 77%RH, moisture evaporate 46.32% after 60 h. The results demonstrate that the slow-release fertilizer has a good release-effect of nitrogen and water conservation effect. It provides the basic for the development and application of the sewage in the aspect of Nitrogen slow-release fertilizers.展开更多
文摘黄河流域是我国重要的生态安全屏障和经济活动区域,其生态环境直接关系到我国西北、华北地区的生态安全和可持续发展.为深入了解黄河流域生态状况研究的发展趋势、研究现状及研究热点,本文基于Web of Science核心合集数据库和中国期刊全文数据库CNKI,检索了1981-2022年有关“黄河流域生态状况”的中英文文献,并对9400篇文献进行计量分析,据此整理出该研究领域的发展趋势和研究热点,对不同研究区域在研究内容上的差异进行分析.结果表明:黄河流域生态状况研究正处于高速发展阶段,热点研究内容包括生态环境、水资源和水土保持,热点研究对象包括生态系统、植被和水生生物,研究区域涵盖黄河全流域,影响黄河流域生态状况的重点研究因素包括人类活动、环境因子和时空因素.此外,不同研究区域所涉及的影响因素和研究对象具有差异性:从影响因素看,在黄河上、中、下游地区主要关注人类活动的影响,而在黄河三角洲和黄河河口地区重点关注水质和重金属等环境因子,在黄河全流域和黄河源区更注重时空因素的影响;从研究对象看,在黄河源区主要关注草地生态系统,而在黄河上、中、下游以及黄河三角洲地区主要集中在生态系统和植被方面,黄河河口的研究则更加侧重水生生物群落.根据以上研究结果,未来关于黄河流域及其特定河段的研究需要在选择研究对象和影响因素时考虑研究区域的特点,以确保研究的科学性;同时,统筹发展要求科研工作者不断更新研究方法和评价方法,将环境DNA、遥感等技术手段和综合的环境评价指标应用到流域生态状况评价研究中.
文摘In this paper, a filtering method is presented to estimate time-varying parameters of a missile dual control system with tail fins and reaction jets as control variables. In this method, the long-short-term memory(LSTM) neural network is nested into the extended Kalman filter(EKF) to modify the Kalman gain such that the filtering performance is improved in the presence of large model uncertainties. To avoid the unstable network output caused by the abrupt changes of system states,an adaptive correction factor is introduced to correct the network output online. In the process of training the network, a multi-gradient descent learning mode is proposed to better fit the internal state of the system, and a rolling training is used to implement an online prediction logic. Based on the Lyapunov second method, we discuss the stability of the system, the result shows that when the training error of neural network is sufficiently small, the system is asymptotically stable. With its application to the estimation of time-varying parameters of a missile dual control system, the LSTM-EKF shows better filtering performance than the EKF and adaptive EKF(AEKF) when there exist large uncertainties in the system model.
文摘After the sewage treatment, putting the wet sludge in which the heavy metal content is extremely low, corrupt and broken straw, bentonite, urea in proportioning according to the certain ratio, mixing well-distributed, taking the shape of Nitrogen slow-release fertilizers, doing the dynamic bioleaching test by the method of Artificial rainfall simulation, researching the slow-release characteristic, water retention. When the mass ratio of the wet sludge whose water content is 82.5%: bentonite: corrupt and broken straw: urea is 62.5: 12.5: 12.5: 12.5, drip washing the 10g Nitrogen slow-release fertilizers by the 80ml distilled water after 48h, the residue rate of urea is 29.63%; Under the room temperature of 25 ℃, 77%RH, moisture evaporate 46.32% after 60 h. The results demonstrate that the slow-release fertilizer has a good release-effect of nitrogen and water conservation effect. It provides the basic for the development and application of the sewage in the aspect of Nitrogen slow-release fertilizers.
