目的:分析化学发光微粒子免疫法(Chemiluminescence particle immunoassay,CMIA)和酶联免疫吸附法(Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)对乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染患者血清学标志物诊断准确率的临床应用价值.方法...目的:分析化学发光微粒子免疫法(Chemiluminescence particle immunoassay,CMIA)和酶联免疫吸附法(Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)对乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染患者血清学标志物诊断准确率的临床应用价值.方法:回顾性选取我院2020年5月至2022年4月就诊的85例HBV感染患者,并采用CMIA法、ELISA法分析HBV感染的准确率、血清学标志物检测结果[乙肝表面抗原(Hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)、乙肝表面抗体(Hepatitis B surface antibody,HBsAb)、乙肝e抗体(Hepatitis B e antibody,HBeAb)、乙肝e抗原(Hepatitis B e antigen,HBeAg)、乙肝核心抗体(Hepatitis B core antibody,HBcAb)浓度]、HBsAb、HBsAg回收率.结果:CMIA法诊断准确率,检测HBsAg、HBeAb、HBcAb阳性率高于ELISA法(P<0.05);两组平均回收率无统计学差异.结论:与ELISA法相比,CMIA法用于检测HBV感染患者血清学标志物具有较高准确度、回收率.展开更多
The poor thermal stability and high sensitivity severely hinder the practical application of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20).Herein,a kind of novel core@double-shell CL-20 based energetic composites were fabricat...The poor thermal stability and high sensitivity severely hinder the practical application of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20).Herein,a kind of novel core@double-shell CL-20 based energetic composites were fabricated to address the above issues.The coordination complexes which consist of natural polyphenol tannic acid(TA) and Fe~Ⅲ were chosen to construct the inner shell,while the graphene sheets were used to build the outer shell.The resulting CL-20/TA-Fe~Ⅲ/graphene composites exhibited simultaneously improved thermal stability and safety performance with only 1 wt% double-shell content,which should be ascribed to the intense physical encapsulation effect from inner shell combined with the desensitization effect of carbon nano-materials from outer shell.The phase transition(ε to γ) temperature increased from 173.70 ℃ of pure CL-20 to 191.87℃ of CL-20/TA-Fe~Ⅲ/graphene composites.Meanwhile,the characteristic drop height(H_(50)) dramatically increased from 14.7 cm of pure CL-20 to112.8 cm of CL-20/TA-Fe~Ⅲ/graphene composites,indicating much superior safety performance after the construction of the double-shell structure.In general,this work has provided an effective and versatile strategy to conquer the thermal stability and safety issues of CL-20 and contributes to the future application of high energy density energetic materials.展开更多
Bushfires are devastating to forest managers,owners,residents,and the natural environment.Recent tech-nological advances indicate a potential for faster response times in terms of detecting and suppressing fires.Howev...Bushfires are devastating to forest managers,owners,residents,and the natural environment.Recent tech-nological advances indicate a potential for faster response times in terms of detecting and suppressing fires.However,to date,all these technologies have been applied in isola-tion.This paper introduces the latest fire detection and sup-pression technologies from ground to space.An operations research method was used to assemble these technologies into a theoretical framework for fire detection and suppres-sion.The framework harnesses the advantages of satellite-based,drone,sensor,and human reporting technologies as well as image processing and artificial intelligence machine learning.The study concludes that,if a system is designed to maximise the use of available technologies and carefully adopts them through complementary arrangements,a fire detection and resource suppression system can achieve the ultimate aim:to reduce the risk of fire hazards and the dam-age they may cause.展开更多
Diagnosis of soil salinity and characterizing its spatial variability both vertically and horizontally are needed to establish control measures in irrigated agriculture. In this regard, it is essential that salinity d...Diagnosis of soil salinity and characterizing its spatial variability both vertically and horizontally are needed to establish control measures in irrigated agriculture. In this regard, it is essential that salinity development in varying soil depths be known temporally and spatially. Apparent soil electrical conductivity, measured by electromagnetic induction instruments, has been widely used as an auxiliary variable to estimate spatial distribution of field soil salinity. The main objectives of this paper were adopted a mobile electromagnetic induction (EMI) system to perform field electromagnetic (EM) survey in different soil layers, to evaluate the uncertainty through Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) and Ordinary Kriging (OK) methods, and to determine which algorithm is more reliable for the local and spatial uncertainty assessment. Results showed that EM38 data from apparent soil electrical conductivity are highly correlated with salinity, more accurate for estimating salinity from multiple linear regression models, which the correlation coefficient of 0 - 20, 20 - 40, 40 - 60 and 60 - 80 cm were 0.9090, 0.9228, 0.896 and 0.9085 respectively. The comparison showed that the prediction accuracy of two methods also displays good performance for soil salinity, the estimation precision of IDW method (with E = 0.8873, 0.9075, 0.8483 and 0.901, RPD = 9.64, 8.01, 8.17 and 11.23 in 0 - 20, 20 - 40. 40 - 60 and 60 - 80 cm soil layers, respectively) was superior to that of OK (with E = 0.8857, 0.872, 0.8744 and 0.8822, RPD = 9.44, 7.83, 8.52 and 10.88, respectively), but differences of two methods in predictions are not significant. The obtained salinity map was helpful to display the spatial patterns of soil salinity and monitor and evaluate the management of salinity.展开更多
文摘目的:分析化学发光微粒子免疫法(Chemiluminescence particle immunoassay,CMIA)和酶联免疫吸附法(Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)对乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染患者血清学标志物诊断准确率的临床应用价值.方法:回顾性选取我院2020年5月至2022年4月就诊的85例HBV感染患者,并采用CMIA法、ELISA法分析HBV感染的准确率、血清学标志物检测结果[乙肝表面抗原(Hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)、乙肝表面抗体(Hepatitis B surface antibody,HBsAb)、乙肝e抗体(Hepatitis B e antibody,HBeAb)、乙肝e抗原(Hepatitis B e antigen,HBeAg)、乙肝核心抗体(Hepatitis B core antibody,HBcAb)浓度]、HBsAb、HBsAg回收率.结果:CMIA法诊断准确率,检测HBsAg、HBeAb、HBcAb阳性率高于ELISA法(P<0.05);两组平均回收率无统计学差异.结论:与ELISA法相比,CMIA法用于检测HBV感染患者血清学标志物具有较高准确度、回收率.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 22275173)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Environment-friendly Energy Materials (Grant No. 22kfhg10)。
文摘The poor thermal stability and high sensitivity severely hinder the practical application of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20).Herein,a kind of novel core@double-shell CL-20 based energetic composites were fabricated to address the above issues.The coordination complexes which consist of natural polyphenol tannic acid(TA) and Fe~Ⅲ were chosen to construct the inner shell,while the graphene sheets were used to build the outer shell.The resulting CL-20/TA-Fe~Ⅲ/graphene composites exhibited simultaneously improved thermal stability and safety performance with only 1 wt% double-shell content,which should be ascribed to the intense physical encapsulation effect from inner shell combined with the desensitization effect of carbon nano-materials from outer shell.The phase transition(ε to γ) temperature increased from 173.70 ℃ of pure CL-20 to 191.87℃ of CL-20/TA-Fe~Ⅲ/graphene composites.Meanwhile,the characteristic drop height(H_(50)) dramatically increased from 14.7 cm of pure CL-20 to112.8 cm of CL-20/TA-Fe~Ⅲ/graphene composites,indicating much superior safety performance after the construction of the double-shell structure.In general,this work has provided an effective and versatile strategy to conquer the thermal stability and safety issues of CL-20 and contributes to the future application of high energy density energetic materials.
基金supported by the National Institute for Forest Products Innovation (NIFPI) Australia (Project No. NS034),titled Scoping an Automated Forest Fire Detection and Suppression Framework for the Green Triangle.
文摘Bushfires are devastating to forest managers,owners,residents,and the natural environment.Recent tech-nological advances indicate a potential for faster response times in terms of detecting and suppressing fires.However,to date,all these technologies have been applied in isola-tion.This paper introduces the latest fire detection and sup-pression technologies from ground to space.An operations research method was used to assemble these technologies into a theoretical framework for fire detection and suppres-sion.The framework harnesses the advantages of satellite-based,drone,sensor,and human reporting technologies as well as image processing and artificial intelligence machine learning.The study concludes that,if a system is designed to maximise the use of available technologies and carefully adopts them through complementary arrangements,a fire detection and resource suppression system can achieve the ultimate aim:to reduce the risk of fire hazards and the dam-age they may cause.
文摘Diagnosis of soil salinity and characterizing its spatial variability both vertically and horizontally are needed to establish control measures in irrigated agriculture. In this regard, it is essential that salinity development in varying soil depths be known temporally and spatially. Apparent soil electrical conductivity, measured by electromagnetic induction instruments, has been widely used as an auxiliary variable to estimate spatial distribution of field soil salinity. The main objectives of this paper were adopted a mobile electromagnetic induction (EMI) system to perform field electromagnetic (EM) survey in different soil layers, to evaluate the uncertainty through Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) and Ordinary Kriging (OK) methods, and to determine which algorithm is more reliable for the local and spatial uncertainty assessment. Results showed that EM38 data from apparent soil electrical conductivity are highly correlated with salinity, more accurate for estimating salinity from multiple linear regression models, which the correlation coefficient of 0 - 20, 20 - 40, 40 - 60 and 60 - 80 cm were 0.9090, 0.9228, 0.896 and 0.9085 respectively. The comparison showed that the prediction accuracy of two methods also displays good performance for soil salinity, the estimation precision of IDW method (with E = 0.8873, 0.9075, 0.8483 and 0.901, RPD = 9.64, 8.01, 8.17 and 11.23 in 0 - 20, 20 - 40. 40 - 60 and 60 - 80 cm soil layers, respectively) was superior to that of OK (with E = 0.8857, 0.872, 0.8744 and 0.8822, RPD = 9.44, 7.83, 8.52 and 10.88, respectively), but differences of two methods in predictions are not significant. The obtained salinity map was helpful to display the spatial patterns of soil salinity and monitor and evaluate the management of salinity.
