The Role Played by Agricultural Policy-based Finance in New Village Construction

The necessity of the agricultural policy-based finance in terms of supporting the new village construction is analyzed: in the first place, the theoretical roots of agricultural policy-based finance supporting new village construction are "market failure" and "government intervention"; in the second place, the continual decline of agriculture and the "rural financial market failure" in recent years have become the objective evidence and historical mission for agricultural policy-based finance to support new village construction; in the third place, the combination of agricultural policy-based finance and new village construction is conducive to solving the "three agriculture" problems and facilitating the reform of new village construction. The feasibility of the support is analyzed: firstly, agricultural policy-based finance boasts the status and position of the "primary drive" in new village construction; secondly, the nation continuously deepens the reform of rural financial system and policy-based banks and strengthens the functions of Agricultural Development Bank, which provides policies for agricultural policy-based finance to support new village construction; thirdly, the 14 years' reform and development of Agricultural Development Bank and the eleventh five year plan lay sound practical basis for the support of agricultural policy-based finance to new village construction. Based on the necessity and feasibility, the following six aspects are analyzed to fully display the function of the "first engine" of agricultural policy-related finance to new village construction. Firstly, strengthening the credit and loan aid to grain and cotton and some other agricultural products in the circulation domain; secondly, strengthening the credit and loan aid to agricultural industrialization in processing field; thirdly, intensifying the credit and loan aid to agricultural comprehensive development, rural infrastructure construction, application and promotion of agricultural technology, agricultural production means and agricultural ecological construction; fourthly, intensifying the credit and loan aid to rural special group and regional development; fifthly, intensifying the credit and loan aid to agriculture and rural emergency response system and social security system; sixthly, strengthening the credit and loan aid to agriculture and the intermediary construction of rural financial services.

坡位对思茅松人工林土壤微生物量碳的影响

为了探讨坡位对思茅松人工林土壤微生物量碳的影响,以12年生的思茅松人工林为研究对象,对不同坡位0-50cm土层土壤微生物量碳含量及密度进行调查。结果表明:思茅松人工林土壤有机碳质量分数随着海拔的升高而增加,土壤微生物量碳主要集中于0-10cm的土壤层,0-50cm土层深度的土壤微生物量碳的平均含量下坡位>中坡位>上坡位;在0-30cm土壤层,土壤微生物量碳占土壤有机碳的比值随着海拔的升高而下降,下坡位更有利于土壤有机碳的积累;50cm土层深度土壤微生物量碳密度数值范围为0.85-1.56t/hm^2,下坡位最大,上坡位最小。研究表明思茅松人工林土壤易分解性有机碳库在下坡位最大。

TIMP1基因对肺炎链球菌诱导的肺泡上皮细胞HEPApiC凋亡的影响及机制研究

目的探讨基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂1(TIMP1)基因对肺炎链球菌诱导的人肺泡上皮细胞HEPApiC凋亡的影响及其可能的机制。方法体外培养人肺泡上皮细胞HEPApiC,采用肺炎链球菌感染HEPApiC细胞,实时荧光定量PCR(QPCR)和Western blot检测细胞中TIMP1的表达水平。将HEPApiC细胞分为4组,空白对照组(未做任何处理的细胞)、感染组(肺炎链球菌感染的细胞)、阴性对照组(转染siRNA control+肺炎链球菌感染的细胞)和干扰组(转染TIMP1 siRNA+肺炎链球菌感染的细胞)。CCK-8法检测各组HEPApiC细胞活力,流式细胞术检测各组HEPApiC细胞凋亡情况,Western blot检测细胞中B细胞淋巴瘤/白血病-2(Bcl-2)和Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)表达水平,ELISA检测上清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的含量。结果肺炎链球菌感染后HEPApiC细胞中TIMP1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均明显上调。转染TIMP1 siRNA后HEPApiC细胞中TIMP1 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均明显下调。感染组细胞凋亡率、Bax表达水平、TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6含量均明显高于空白对照组(P<0.05),而细胞活力和Bcl-2表达水平低于空白对照组(P<0.05);干扰组细胞凋亡率、Bax表达水平、TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6含量均明显低于感染组和阴性对照组(P<0.05),而细胞活力和Bcl-2表达水平高于感染组和阴性对照组(P<0.05)。结论敲低TIMP1基因表达能够抑制肺炎链球菌诱导的HEPApiC细胞凋亡,其作用机制可能与抑制炎性因子TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6的表达有关。

化瘀解毒生精方治疗精索静脉曲张性弱精子不育症的临床研究

目的:观察化瘀解毒生精方治疗精索静脉曲张(VC)性弱精子性不育症的临床疗效;分析精子活力、精子DNA碎片指数、精浆NO、精浆ROS、精浆SOD、精索静脉多普勒超声数值之间的相关性,初步探讨化瘀解毒生精方的作用机制。方法:用计算机产生随机数法将符合试验的88例患者随机分为两组,试验组44例、对照组44例。试验组给予化瘀解毒生精方加减,对照组给予迈之灵片和左卡尼汀口服液。治疗12周后复查精子活力、精索静脉超声指标、精浆NO、精浆ROS、精浆SOD、DFI等,评价两组临床疗效,并对各项指标进行相关性分析。结果:试验组总有效率为86.04%,对照组总有效率为73.74%,试验组在改善中医证候评分、精子活力、精子DNA碎片指数、精浆NO、精浆ROS、精浆SOD方面优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:化瘀解毒生精方能改善VC性弱精子性不育症患者的精液质量、降低中医证候评分,且无不良反应;其作用机制可能与提高机体抗氧化性,改善局部血流有关。

益肾通络方对苯并(a)芘致大鼠精子DNA损伤的修复机制

目的:初步探讨益肾通络方对苯并(a)芘(BaP)染毒大鼠精子DNA碎片指数(DFI)的修复作用及可能机制。方法:将30只Wistar雄性大鼠随机分为3组,分别为空白组、BaP组、益肾通络方组,每组10只。除空白组外,其余组按照20 mg/(kg·d)的浓度进行BaP染毒,连续60 d。益肾通络方组自BaP染毒第31天起灌胃益肾通络方,共30 d。末次给药后取材,采用精子染色质结构分析法(SCSA)检测大鼠精子DFI;ELISA法检测血清FSH、LH、T水平、睾丸SOD、MDA、NO、ATP的水平。结果:与空白组相比,BaP组DFI[(12.46±3.07)%vs(4.23±1.40)%,P<0.05]明显升高,血清FSH[(2.53±0.28)U/L vs(1.76±0.31)U/L,P<0.05]、LH[(39.72±2.80)U/L vs(30.59±2.14)U/L,P<0.05]水平显著升高、T[(4.42±0.38)nmol/L vs(5.33±0.43)nmol/L,P<0.05]水平显著降低,睾丸SOD[(113.23±10.76)U/ml vs(166.18±3.74)U/ml,P<0.05]、ATP[(33.48±2.74)mol/L vs(41.23±2.21)mol/L,P<0.05]水平显著降低,MDA[(10.59±1.17)nmol/ml vs(7.55±0.93)nmol/L,P<0.05]、NO[(54.49±3.13)mol/L vs(44.23±4.47)mol/L,P<0.05]含量显著增高。与BaP组相比,益肾通络方组中以上各指标均明显恢复[DFI:(5.73±2.46)%,FSH:(2.07±0.45)U/L,LH:(33.94±4.44)U/L,T:(4.96±0.24)nmol/L,SOD:(135.22±7.26)U/ml,ATP:(38.26±2.14)mol/L,MDA:(8.37±1.29)nmol/ml,NO:(48.36±3.98)mol/L,P均<0.05]。结论:益肾通络方可以修复由BaP染毒引起的大鼠精子DNA损伤,其作用机制可能与抑制氧化损伤、调节生殖激素水平有关。

五味扶正益精汤对邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯染毒小鼠精子DNA损伤、性激素及氧化因子的影响

目的:探讨五味扶正益精汤对邻苯二甲酸二乙基己酯(DEHP)染毒小鼠精子DNA的影响及其可能的作用机制。方法:55只SPF级雄性ICR小鼠,随机数表法分为空白组(14只)和DEHP组(41只),空白组予以10 mL/kg玉米油灌胃,DEHP组予以10 mL/kg DEHP工作液灌胃诱导小鼠精子DNA损伤,染毒30 d后验证造模成功。并将DEHP组随机分为模型组和五味扶正益精汤高、中、低剂量组,每组9只,分别以高、中、低剂量(35.68、17.84、8.92 g·kg·d)中药灌胃30 d。检测各组小鼠睾丸系数、精子浓度、精子总活力以及精子DNA碎片率(DFI)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、睾酮(T)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、一氧化氮(NO)含量。结果:与模型组比较,五味扶正益精汤各剂量组精子总活力、SOD显著升高(P<0.05);中、高剂量组睾丸系数、FSH显著升高(P<0.05);中剂量组LH显著升高(P<0.05);高剂量组精子浓度显著升高(P<0.05);中、高剂量组DFI、NO含量显著降低(P<0.05);中剂量组MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:五味扶正益精汤能够改善小鼠精子DFI,可能与改善睾丸氧化应激水平及调节生殖内分泌水平有关。

基于代谢组学探讨益肾通络方修复苯并(a)芘染毒大鼠精子DNA异常甲基化的机制

目的通过代谢组学探讨益肾通络方修复苯并(a)芘致精子DNA异常甲基化的作用机制。方法采用随机数字法将30只SPF级雄性SD大鼠,随机分为对照组、BaP染毒组及治疗组,每组大鼠各10只。除对照组外其余两组均按0.1mg/(kg·d)浓度的BaP进行染毒,持续60d;自BaP染毒第31天起,治疗组每日灌胃益肾通络方水煎液,共30d。末次给药后对3组大鼠实施乙醚吸入麻醉,取左侧睾丸制备睾丸样本,最后通过代谢组学技术对大鼠睾丸组织中代谢物的进行趋势分析及京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)分析。结果经趋势分析后发现有41个代谢物呈现良好的回调趋势。与染毒组比较,益肾通络方可上调其中的8个代谢物物(P<0.05),下调其中的33个代谢物物(P<0.05)。通过富集分析发现其主要代谢通路为胆碱代谢通路;甘油磷脂代谢通路;维生素的消化和吸收;硫胺素代谢以及维生素B6代谢共5条代谢通路。结论益肾通络方对BaP染毒诱导的精子DNA异常甲基化的治疗作用可能与改善睾丸中维生素B6以及胆碱和甘油磷脂的代谢活动有关。