Unveiling a Novel Insulator-to-Metal Transition in La_(N)iO_(4+δ):Challenging High-Temperature Superconductivity Claimed for Single-Layer Lanthanum Nickelates

La_(2)NiO_(4)has a similar structure to La_(2)CuO_(4)and was proposed as a high-temperature superconductor based on magnetic-moment measurements decades ago.Nevertheless,with the exception for electrical resistance drop behavior of about 4 orders of magnitude that is claimed to originate from the superconductivity ever observed in Sr-doped La_(N)iO_(4),most electrical data reported to date in La_(N)iO_(4)system exhibit a trivial insulating ground state.Here,we definitively identify the similar electrical resistance drop behavior of more than 3 orders of magnitude in La_(2)NiO_(4+δ).However,our extensive investigations reveal that this phenomenon is a novel insulatorto-metal transition,distinct from superconductivity.Intriguingly,compared to the weak magnetic-field effects,pressure can significantly suppress the transition and transform from the metallic to an insulating ground state,accompanied by an isostructural phase transition.Our work not only elucidates the fundamental properties of the metallic conducting ground state in La_(N)iO_(4)+δ,but also critically challenges the notion of superconductivity in single-layer lanthanum nickelates.

Thoracic spine infection caused by Pseudomonas fluorescens:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND The clinical incidence of spinal infection is gradually increasing,and its onset is insidious,easily leading to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis,which may lead to serious complications such as nervous system dysfunction,spinal instability and/or deformity,and cause a huge burden on society and families.Early identification of the causative agent and precision medicine will greatly reduce the suffering of patients.At present,the main pathogenic bacteria that cause spinal infection are Staphylococcus aureus,Streptococcus,Pneumococcus,Escherichia coli,and Klebsiella.There are no reports of spinal infection caused by Pseudomonas fluorescens.CASE SUMMARY We report a 32-year-old female patient with spinal infection.She presented with flank pain,initially thought to be bone metastases or bone tuberculosis,and had a family background of tumors.Her clinical features and changes in imaging and laboratory tests led to the suspicion of thoracic spine infection.Histopathology of the lesion showed inflammation,tissue culture of the lesion was negative several times,and the possible pathogen-Pseudomonas fluorescens was found after gene sequencing of the lesion.The patient recovered completely after a full course of antibiotic treatment.CONCLUSION This report increases the range of pathogens involved in spinal infections,highlights the unique advantages of gene sequencing technology in difficult-todiagnose diseases,and validates conservative treatment with a full course of antibiotics for spinal infections without complications.

基于改进LinkNet的寒旱区遥感图像河流识别方法

为解决遥感图像河流精细化提取问题,提出一种改进LinkNet模型的分割网络(AFRLinkNet)。AFRLinkNet在LinkNet基础上引入了残差通道注意力结构、非对称卷积模块以及密集跳跃连接结构,并用视觉激活函数FReLU替换ReLU激活函数。残差通道注意力结构可以强化对分割任务有效的特征,以提高模型的分类能力,得到更多的细节信息。利用非对称卷积模块进行模型压缩和加速。使用FReLU激活函数提升网络提取遥感图像河流的精细空间布局。在寒旱区河流数据集上的实验结果表明,AFRLinkNet网络相较于FCN、UNet、ResNet50、LinkNet、DeepLabv3+网络交并比分别提高了26.4、22.7、17.6、12.0、9.7个百分点,像素准确率分别提高了25.9、22.5、13.2、10.5、7.3个百分点;引入非对称卷积模块后,交并比提高了5.1个百分点,像素准确率提高了2.9个百分点,在此基础上引入残差通道注意力结构之后,交并比又提高了2.2个百分点,像素准确率提高了2.3个百分点,证明了其对河流细节识别效果更好。

Acupuncture at heterotopic acupoints enhances jejunal motility in constipated and diarrheic rats

AIM: To investigate the effect and mechanism of acupuncture at heterotopic acupoints on jejunal motility, particularly in pathological conditions.

Outcome of a session of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy before endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for problematic and large common bile duct stones

AIM To compare the efficacy of a session of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy(ESWL) before endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) vs ERCP only for problematic and large common bile duct(CBD) stones.METHODS Adult patients with CBD stones for whom initial ERCP was unsuccessful because of the large size of CBD stones were identified. The patients were randomized into two groups,an "ESWL + ERCP group" and an "ERCP-only" group. For ESWL + ERCP cases,ESWL was performed prior to ERCP. Clearance of the CBD,complications related to the ESWL/ERCP procedure,frequency of mechanical lithotripsy use and duration of the ERCP procedure were evaluated in both groups.RESULTS There was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups. A session of ESWL before ERCP compared with ERCP only resulted in similar outcomes in terms of successful stone removal within the first treatment session(74.2% vs 71.0%,P = 0.135),but a higher clearance rate within the second treatment session(84.4% vs 51.6%,P = 0.018) and total stone clearance(96.0% vs 86.0%,P = 0.029). Moreover,ESWL prior to ERCP not only reduced ERCP procedure time(43 ± 21 min vs 59 ± 28 min,P = 0.034) and the rate of mechanical lithotripsy use(20% vs 30%,P = 0.025),but also raised the clearance rate of extremely large stones(80.0% vs 40.0%,P = 0.016). Post-ERCP complications were similar for the two groups.CONCLUSION Based on the higher rate of successful stone removal and minimal complications,ESWL prior to ERCP appears to be a safe and effective treatment for the endoscopic removal of problematic and large CBD stones.

8-hydroxy-dipropylaminotetralin promotes neural plasticity in epileptic rats with depression

Rats with chronic pilocarpine-induced temporal lobe epilepsy complicated with depression were studied. Anti-5-bromodeoxyuridine immunofluorescence staining and Timms staining showed that neurogenesis within the hippocampal dentate gyrus and mossy fiber sprouting were increased in model rats. Neurogenesis within the hippocampal dentate gyrus was further enhanced, while mossy fiber sprouting was decreased in model rats administered carbamazepine alone or in combination with the 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A receptor agonist, 8-hydroxy-dipropylaminotetralin （0.1 and 1 mg/kg）. Among the groups, the effect was the most significant in rats receiving carbamazepine in conjunction with 1 mg/kg 8-hydroxy-dipropylaminotetralin. Thus, high dose 8-hydroxy-dipropylaminotetralin can improve neural plasticity in epileptic rats with depression.

Establishing a rat model of spastic cerebral palsy by targeted ethanol injection

Spastic cerebral palsy is generally considered to result from cerebral cortical or pyramidal tract damage. Here, we precisely targeted the left pyramidal tract of 2-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats placed on a stereotaxic instrument under intraperitoneal anesthesia. Based on the rat brain stereotaxic map, a 1-mm hole was made 10 mm posterior to bregma and 0.8 mm left of sagittal suture. A microsyringe was inserted perpendicularly to the surface of the brain to a depth of 9.7 mm, and 15 wL of ethanol was slowly injected to establish a rat model of spastic cerebral palsy. After modeling, the rats appeared to have necrotic voids in the pyramidal tract and exhibited typical signs and symptoms of flexion spasms that lasted for a long period of time. These findings indicate that this is an effective and easy method of establishing a rat model of spastic cerebral palsy with good reproducibility. Ethanol as a chemical ablation agent specifically and thoroughly damages the py- ramidal tract, and therefore, the animals display flexion spasms, which are a typical symptom of the disease.

Adipocyte-derived SFRP5 inhibits breast cancer cells migration and invasion through Wnt and epithelial-mesenchymal transition signaling pathways

Objective:Obesity is closely associated with metastasis in breast cancer patients.Secreted frizzled-related protein 5(SFRP5),one of the novel adipokines with anti-inflammatory properties,is associated with obesity.This study aims to study the role of SFRP5 in the crosstalk between obesity and breast cancer metastasis and identify the underlying mechanism.Methods:3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were differentiated to mature adipocytes and a hypertrophic adipocyte model was induced with palmitic acid(PA).Cell motility was measured in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells co-cultured with adipocytes conditioned medium(CM)with or without SFRP5 protein.Wnt and epithelialmesenchymal transition(EMT)signal pathways were investigated by western blot.Circulating SFRP5 level in 218 breast cancer patients and the association with clinicopathologic characteristics of breast cancer were further determined.Online databases ENCORI and PREDICT Plus were used to exam the link between SFRP5 and prognosis.Results:Reduced SFRP5 level was detected in the hypertrophic adipocyte model.Recombinant SFRP5 protein inhibited MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells invasion and migration induced by PA-treated adipocyte CM,and SFRP5 inhibition by specific antibody reversed the effect of SFRP5.Furthermore,SFRP5 significantly inhibited Wnt and downstream EMT in breast cancer cells.Low circulating SFRP5 level correlated with body mass index(BMI),lymph node(LN)metastasis,TNM stage and high Ki67 expression in breast cancer patients.Increased SFRP5 level was associated with favorable predicted survival.Kaplan-Meier curves showed high SFRP5 level in tumor tissue was associated with better outcome of breast cancer patients.Conclusions:Our findings demonstrated SFRP5 is a vital adipokine that mediates the crosslink between obesity and the metastatic potential of breast cancer.Promotion of SFRP5 expression in the adipose microenvironment may represent a novel approach for preventing breast cancer metastasis.

Multi-slice spiral computed tomography in diagnosing unstable pelvic fractures in elderly and effect of less invasive stabilization

BACKGROUND Older people are more likely to experience pelvic fractures than younger people.Multi-slice spiral computed tomography(CT)uses three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction technology to generate 3D images that can clearly demonstrate the 3D space of fractures and detect fractures at a higher rate.AIM To investigate the clinical value of multi-slice spiral CT 3D reconstruction in the diagnosis of unstable pelvic fractures in the elderly as well as the effect of less invasive stabilization.METHODS A total of 86 patients with unstable pelvic fractures treated between March 2016 and March 2019 underwent femoral supracondylar bone traction before surgery.Pelvic radiography and multi-row spiral CT were performed successively once the patient’s vital signs and hemodynamic indices were stable.Secondary processing of the original data was performed to obtain 3D reconstruction images and determine the vertical displacement of the pelvis.After basic or complete reduction,minimally invasive internal fixation using hollow lag screws was performed.The detection rates of fracture location and classification by X-ray and CT reconstruction were compared.Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of preoperative 3D reconstruction to compare postoperative reduction,wound healing time,fracture healing time,hospitalization time,visual analog scale(VAS)score,poor internal fixation,and functional recovery.RESULTS The diagnostic coincidence rates of X-rays for pubic symphysis,ilium wing,sacroiliac periarticular,and sacral fractures were lower than those of CT reconstruction.The coincidence rate of CT reconstruction in the clinical classification of pelvic fractures was 100%,whereas 11 cases were misdiagnosed by X-ray;the total coincidence rate was 87.21%.The total excellent and good rates of postoperative reduction were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The wound healing,fracture healing,and hospitalization times were significantly shorter in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The VAS scores decreased in both groups postoperatively and were lower in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The total incidence of poor postoperative internal fixation was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).The overall rate of postoperative functional recovery was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Multi-slice spiral CT has high guiding significance for the diagnosis,classification,and treatment of unstable pelvic fractures in the elderly.Preoperative 3D reconstruction can effectively shorten the operation time and promote fracture healing,while minimally invasive internal fixation can effectively reduce pain and promote functional recovery of fracture sites,making it worthy of clinical application.

The pulsed high magnetic field facility and scientific research at Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center

Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center(WHMFC)at Huazhong University of Science and Technology is one of the top-class research centers in the world,which can offer pulsed fields up to 90.6 T with different field waveforms for scientific research and has passed the final evaluation of the Chinese government in 2014.This paper will give a brief introduction of the facility and the development status of pulsed magnetic fields research at WHMFC.In addition,it will describe the application development of pulsed magnetic fields in both scientific and industrial research.

Shenkang Ⅶ Recipe Attenuates Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction-induced Renal Fibrosis via TGF-β/Smad, NF-κB and SHH Signaling Pathway

This study aimed to explore the protective effects of the traditional Chinese Medicine formula Shenkang Ⅶ recipe(SK-7)on renal fibrosis and the mechanisms.Renal fibrosis was induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO)in rats.The rats were then divided into 5 groups:control group(Sham operation),UUO model group,UUO model plus low to high doses of SK-7(0.5,1.0,or 2.0 g/kg/day,for 14 days)groups.The animals were sacrificed on the 7th or 14th day.K idney tissues were collected for histopathological exarminations(hematoxylin and cosin and Masson's trichrome staining).Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of collagen type II(Col II),fibronectin(FN),α-smooth muscle actin(a-SMA),TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2(TIMP2),matrix metallopeptidase 2(MMP2),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and monocyte chemotactic protein-1(MCP-1).The TGF-β1/Smad,NF-κB and Sonic hedgehog signaling proteins were detected by Western blotting.Our results showed that SK-7 prevented UUO-induced renal injury and accumulation of collagen fibrils.Renal fbrosis biomarkers Col Ⅲ,FN,α-SMA and TMP2 were increased in the rats after UUO and decreased by SK-7,while MMP2 was upregulated after treatment.SK-7 also suppressed the levels of TNF-α,IL-1βand MCP-1 in UUO rats.In addition,SK-7 inhibited activation of the TGF-B/Smad,NF-κB and sonic hedgehog signaling(SHH)pathways.Taken together,these findings suggest that SK-7 may regulate the synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix,reduce inflammation and suppress the proliferation of fibroblasts,by blocking the TGF-β1/Smad,NF-κB and SHH signaling pathways to exert its anti-renal fbrosis effect in UUO rats.

Scheduling Dual-Arm Cluster Tools With Multiple Wafer Types and Residency Time Constraints

Accompanying the unceasing progress of integrated circuit manufacturing technology, the mainstream production mode of current semiconductor wafer fabrication is featured with multi-variety, small batch, and individual customization, which poses a huge challenge to the scheduling of cluster tools with single-wafer-type fabrication. Concurrent processing multiple wafer types in cluster tools, as a novel production pattern, has drawn increasing attention from industry to academia, whereas the corresponding research remains insufficient. This paper investigates the scheduling problems of dual-arm cluster tools with multiple wafer types and residency time constraints. To pursue an easy-to-implement cyclic operation under diverse flow patterns,we develop a novel robot activity strategy called multiplex swap sequence. In the light of the virtual module technology, the workloads that stem from bottleneck process steps and asymmetrical process configuration are balanced satisfactorily. Moreover, several sufficient and necessary conditions with closed-form expressions are obtained for checking the system's schedulability. Finally, efficient algorithms with polynomial complexity are developed to find the periodic scheduling, and its practicability and availability are demonstrated by the offered illustrative examples.

Nonlinear coupling modeling and dynamics analysis of rotating flexible beams with stretching deformation effect

Dynamic coupling modeling and analysis of rotating beams based on the nonlinear Green-Lagrangian strain are introduced in this work.With the reservation of the axial nonlinear strain,there are more coupling terms for axial and transverse deformations.The discretized dynamic governing equations are obtained by using the finite element method and Lagrange’s equations of the second kind.Time responses are conducted to compare the proposed model with other previous models.The stretching deformation due to rotating motion is observed and calculated by special formulations under dynamic equilibrium.The stretching deformation and the change of the associated equilibrium position are taken into account to analyze the free vibration and frequency response of the rotating beams.Analytical and numerical comparisons show that the proposed model can provide reliable results,while the previous models may lead to imprecise results,especially in high-speed conditions.

Toward Coordination Control of Multiple Fish-Like Robots:Real-Time Vision-Based Pose Estimation and Tracking via Deep Neural Networks

Controlling multiple multi-joint fish-like robots has long captivated the attention of engineers and biologists,for which a fundamental but challenging topic is to robustly track the postures of the individuals in real time.This requires detecting multiple robots,estimating multi-joint postures,and tracking identities,as well as processing fast in real time.To the best of our knowledge,this challenge has not been tackled in the previous studies.In this paper,to precisely track the planar postures of multiple swimming multi-joint fish-like robots in real time,we propose a novel deep neural network-based method,named TAB-IOL.Its TAB part fuses the top-down and bottom-up approaches for vision-based pose estimation,while the IOL part with long short-term memory considers the motion constraints among joints for precise pose tracking.The satisfying performance of our TAB-IOL is verified by testing on a group of freely swimming fish-like robots in various scenarios with strong disturbances and by a deed comparison of accuracy,speed,and robustness with most state-of-the-art algorithms.Further,based on the precise pose estimation and tracking realized by our TAB-IOL,several formation control experiments are conducted for the group of fish-like robots.The results clearly demonstrate that our TAB-IOL lays a solid foundation for the coordination control of multiple fish-like robots in a real working environment.We believe our proposed method will facilitate the growth and development of related fields.

Manual reduction with traditional small splints for distal radius fracture in older patients

Objective:To investigate the effect of manual reduction with traditional small splints fixation for distal radius fractures in older patients in the emergency department.Methods:Older patients(aged at least 60 years)with distal radius fractures were enrolled in this study.The patients were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group.The treatment group was treated with manual reduction and small splints fixation.The control group was treated with manual reduction and resin plaster fixation.Before treatment,after reduction,and 3 months after treatment,the palmar tilt angle,ulnar deviation angle,and radial length were recorded.Before treatment and 3 months after treatment,the Cooney wrist joint scores were recorded.The time of fracture healing and related adverse events during the treatment were recorded.Results:Before treatment and after reduction,there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in palmar tilt angle,ulnar deviation angle,or radial length(P>0.05).Three months after treatment,the palmar tilt angle,ulnar deviation angle,and radial length of the treatment group were better than those of the control group(P<0.05).The Cooney wrist scores of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group three months after the treatment(P<0.05).The time of fracture healing of the treatment group was shorter than that of the control group,but the difference was no statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions:Compared with resin plaster fixation,traditional small splints fixation for distal radius fractures in older patients have the advantages of less loss of fracture reduction and faster functional recovery.Besides,the method is simple and low cost thus,it needs to be promoted.

Awake fiberoptic intubation and use of bronchial blockers in ankylosing spondylitis patients

BACKGROUND Patients with ankylosing spondylitis(AS)combined with severe cervical fusion deformity have difficult airways.Awake fiberoptic intubation is the standard treatment for such patients.Alleviating anxiety and discomfort during intubation while maintaining airway patency and adequate ventilation is a major challenge for anesthesiologists.Bronchial blockers(BBs)have significant advantages over double-lumen tubes in these patients requiring one-lung ventilation.AIM To evaluate effective drugs and their optimal dosage for awake fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation in patients with AS and to assess the pulmonary isolation effect of one-lung ventilation with a BB.METHODS We studied 12 AS patients(11 men and one woman)with lung or esophageal cancer who underwent thoracotomy with a BB.Preoperative airway evaluation found that all patients had a difficult airway.All patients received an intramuscular injection of penehyclidine hydrochloride(0.01 mg/kg)before anesthesia.In the operating room,dexmedetomidine(0.5μg/kg)was infused intravenously for 10 min,with 2%lidocaine for airway surface anesthesia,and a 3%ephedrine cotton swab was used to contract the nasal mucosa vessels.Before tracheal intubation,fentanyl(1μg/kg)and midazolam(0.02 mg/kg)were administered intravenously.Awake fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation was performed in the semi-reclining position.Intravenous anesthesia was administered immediately after successful intubation,and a BB was inserted laterally.The pre-intubation preparation time,intubation time,facial grimace score,airway responsiveness score during the fiberoptic introduction,time of end tracheal catheter entry into the nostril,and lung collapse and surgical field score were measured.Systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),and heart rate(HR)were recorded while entering the operation room(T1),before intubation(T2),immediately after intubation(T3),2 min after intubation(T4),and 10 min after intubation(T5).After surgery,all patients were followed for adverse reactions such as epistaxis,sore throat,hoarseness,and dysphagia.RESULTS All patients had a history of AS(20.4±9.6 years).They had a Willson's score of 5 or above,grade III or IV Mallampati tests,an inter-incisor distance of 2.9±0.3 cm,and a thyromental(T-M)distance of 4.8±0.7 cm.The average pre-intubation preparation time was 20.4±3.4 min,intubation time was 2.6±0.4 min,facial grimace score was 1.7±0.7,airway responsiveness score was 1.1±0.7,and pulmonary collapse and surgical exposure score was 1.2±0.4.The SBP,DBP,and HR at T5 were significantly lower than those at T1-T4(P<0.05).While the values at T1 were not significantly different from those at T2-T4(P>0.05),they were significantly different from those at T5(P<0.05).Seven patients had minor epistaxis during endotracheal intubation,two were followed 24 h after surgery with a mild sore throat,and two had hoarseness without dysphagia.CONCLUSION Patients with AS combined with severe cervical and thoracic kyphosis should be intubated using fiberoptic bronchoscopy under conscious sedation and topical anesthesia.Proper doses of penehyclidine hydrochloride,dexmedetomidine,fentanyl,and midazolam,combined with 2%lidocaine,administered prior to intubation,can provide satisfactory conditions for tracheal intubation while maintaining the comfort and safety of patients.BBs are safe and effective for onelung ventilation in such patients during thoracotomy.

Quantitative detection of peripheral MDR genes in breast cancer before chemotherapy and their clinical significances

Objective： To explore expressions of multidrug resistance gene （MDR） product P170 and peripheral blood MDR1 mRNA in breast cancer tissue and their clinical significances. Methods： Fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect peripheral blood MDR1 mRNA before chemotherapy in breast cancer tissue samples from 32 cases with P170 positive （trial group） and 11 cases with P170 negative （control group）. Results： There were 14 cases （43.75%） peripheral blood MDR1 mRNA positive and 18 cases （56.25%） negative in 32 cases P170 positive breast cancer patients, while there were 6 cases （54.55%） peripheral blood MDR1 mRNA positive and 5 cases （45.45%） negative in 11 cases P170 negative breast cancer patients; there wasn＇t a significance difference with peripheral blood MDR1 mRNA express rate in P170 positive （43.75%） group and P170 negative （54.55%） group （x2 = 0.383, P 〉 0.05）. There were 12 cases （37.50%） Her-2 positive and 20 cases （62.50%） negative in P170 positive group; there were 2 cases （18.18%） Her-2 positive and 9 cases （81.82%） negative in P170 negative group; there wasn＇t a significance difference with Her-2 positive rate in P170 positive group （37.50%） and P170 negative （18.18%） group （χ^2= 1.391, P 〉 0.05）. There were 13 cases （40.63%） ER positive and 19 cases （59.37%） negative in P170 positive group; there were 7 cases （63.64%） ER positive and 4 cases （36.36%） negative in P170 negative group; there wasn＇t a significance difference with ER positive rate in P170 positive group （40.63%） and P170 negative （63.64） group （χ^2 = 1.742, P 〉 0.05）. There were 20 cases （62.50%） PR positive and 12 cases （37.50%） negative in P170 positive group; there were 4 cases （36.36%） PR positive and 7 cases （63.64%） negative in P170 negative group; there wasn＇t a significance difference with PR positive rate in P170 positive group （62.50%） and P170 negative （36.36%） group （χ^2 = 2.267, P 〉 0.05）. There were 9 cases （28.12%） with lymphaden metastasis and 23 cases （71.88%） without lymphaden metastasis in P170 positive group; there were 5 cases （45.45%） with lymphaden metastasis and 6 cases （54.55%） without lymphaden metastasis in P170 negative group; there wasn＇t a significance difference with lymphaden metastasis rate in P170 positive group （28.12%） and P170 negative （45.45%） group （χ^2 = 1.120, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： 1） There were possibly MDR expressing infrequently in carcinoma tissue and peripheral blood before chemotherapy. 2） FQ-RT-PCR for detecting of peripheral blood MDR1 mRNA is special, sensitive and reliable. It can be used as new molecular biology diagnostic maker dynamic detecting peripheral blood MDR1 mRNA for regulating chemotherapy proposal and elevating chemotherapy effect.

Effect of h GC-MSCs from human gastric cancer tissue on cell proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tumor tissue of gastric cancer tumor-bearing mice

Objective: To study the effect of h GC-MSCs from human gastric cancer tissue on cell proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in tumor tissue of gastric cancer tumor-bearing mice. Methods: BABL/c nude mice were selected as experimental animals and gastric cancer tumor-bearing mice model were established by subcutaneous injection of gastric cancer cells, randomly divided into different intervention groups. h GC-MSCs group was given different amounts of gastric cancer cells for subcutaneous injection, PBS group was given equal volume of PBS for subcutaneous injection. Then tumor tissue volume were determined, tumor-bearing mice were killed and tumor tissues were collected, m RNA expression of proliferation, invasion, EMT related molecules were determined. Results: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 d after intervention, tumor tissue volume of h GC-MSCs group were significantly higher than those of PBS group and the more the number of h GC-MSCs, the higher the tumor tissue volume; m RNA contents of Ki-67, PCNA, Bcl-2, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-9, MMP-14, N-cadherin, vimentin, Snail and Twist in tumor tissue of h GC-MSCs group were higher than those of PBS group, and m RNA contents of Bax, TIMP1, TIMP2 and E-cadherin were lower than those of PBS group. Conclusions: h GC-MSCs from human gastric cancer tissue can promote the tumor growth in gastric cancer tumor-bearing mice, and the molecular mechanism includes promoting cell proliferation, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oil isolated from the cultured mycelia of Ganoderma japonicum

Objective：To explore a new natural antibiotic. Methods：The chemical composition of the essential oil from Ganodermajaponicum （G. japonicum）mycelia was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry（GC-MS）, The antimicrobial activity of the oil was evaluated against eighteen microorganisms, including bacteria, mildew and yeast by using a disc diffusion method. Furthermore, the minimum inhibitory concentrations（MIC） and the minimum bactericidal concentrations（MBC） of the essential oil against twelve clinical pathogens were determined. Results：The main components of the oil were nerolidol, decadienal, linalool and benzyl alcohol. The antimicrobial results indicated that the oil inhibited all the tested bacterium, especially Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus （MRSA） in which the antibacterial activity exhibited a MBC of 1.03 mg/ml. Conclusion： The essential oil of G. japonicum mycelium has significant inhibitory activity. It is a potential medicinal resource that can be used as a natural antibiotic.

Pharmacokinetics,distribution,and excretion of sodium oligomannate,a recently approved anti-Alzheimer's disease drug in China

The National Medical Products Administration has authorized sodium oligomannate for treating mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease.In this study,an LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated to quantitate sodium oligomannate in different biomatrices.The plasma pharmacokinetics,tissue distribution,and excretion of sodium oligomannate in Sprague-Dawley rats and beagle dogs were systematically investigated.Despite its complicated structural composition,the absorption,distribution,metabolism,and excretion profiles of the oligosaccharides in sodium oligomannate of different sizes and terminal derivatives were indiscriminate.Sodium oligomannate mainly crossed the gastrointestinal epithelium through paracellular transport following oral administration,with very low oral bioavailability in rats(0.6%-1.6%)and dogs(4.5%-9.3%).Absorbed sodium oligomannate mainly resided in circulating body fluids in free form with minimal distribution into erythrocytes and major tissues.Sodium oligomannate could penetrate the blood-cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)barrier of rats,showing a constant area under the concentration-time curve ratio(CSF/plasma)of approximately 5%.The cumulative urinary excretion of sodium oligomannate was commensurate with its oral bioavailability,supporting that excretion was predominantly renal,whereas no obvious biliary secretion was observed following a single oral dose to bile duct-cannulated rats.Moreover,only 33.7%(male)and 26.3%(female)of the oral dose were recovered in the rat excreta within 96 h following a single oral administration,suggesting that the intestinal flora may have ingested a portion of unabsorbed sodium oligomannate as a nutrient.