The high-temperature requirement for liquid iron smelting via molten oxide electrolysis presents significant challenges.This study investigates the electrochemical reduction of Fe(Ⅲ)in a novel low-temperature electro...The high-temperature requirement for liquid iron smelting via molten oxide electrolysis presents significant challenges.This study investigates the electrochemical reduction of Fe(Ⅲ)in a novel low-temperature electrolyte,Na_(2)SiO_(3)-SiO_(2)-Fe_(2)O_(3),utilizing cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry techniques.The results show that Fe(Ⅲ)reduction occurs in two steps:Fe(Ⅲ)+e^(−)→Fe(Ⅱ),Fe(Ⅱ)+2e^(−)→Fe,and that the redox process of Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)at the tungsten electrode is an irreversible reaction controlled by diffusion.The diffusion coefficients of Fe(Ⅲ)in the molten Na_(2)SiO_(3)-SiO_(2)-Fe_(2)O_(3)in the temperature range of 1248–1278 K are between 1.86×10^(−6)cm^(2)/s and 1.58×10^(−4)cm^(2)/s.The diffusion activation energy of Fe(Ⅲ)in the molten salt is 1825.41 kJ/mol.As confirmed by XRD analysis,potentiostatic electrolysis at−0.857 V(vs.O_(2)/O_(complex)^(2-))for 6 h produces metallic iron on the cathode.展开更多
The electrochemical behavior of Al(Ⅲ)in urea-1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride-aluminum chloride(urea-BMIC-AlCl_(3))ionic liquids,and the effect of potential and temperature on the characterization of cathode prod...The electrochemical behavior of Al(Ⅲ)in urea-1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride-aluminum chloride(urea-BMIC-AlCl_(3))ionic liquids,and the effect of potential and temperature on the characterization of cathode products,current efficiency and energy consumption of aluminum electrorefining have been investigated.Cyclic voltammetry showed that the electrochemical reduction of Al(Ⅲ)was a one-step three-electron-transfer irreversible reaction,and the electrochemical reaction was controlled by diffusion.The diffusion coefficient of Al(Ⅲ)in urea-BMIC-AlCl_(3)ionic liquids at 313 K was 1.94×10^(−7)cm^(2)/s.The 7075 aluminum alloy was used as an anode for electrorefining,and the cathode products were analyzed by XRD,SEM and EDS.The results from XRD analysis indicated that the main phase of the cathode products was aluminum.The results from SEM and EDS characterization revealed that the cathode product obtained by electrorefining−1.2 V(vs.Al)was dense and uniform,and the mass fraction of aluminum decreased from 99.61%to 99.10%as the experimental temperature increased from 313 K to 333 K.In this work,the optimum experimental conditions were−1.2 V(vs.Al)and 313 K.At this time,the cathode current efficiency was 97.80%,while the energy consumption was 3.72 kW·h/kg.展开更多
目的:观察蜈黛软膏外涂联合闪罐、走罐治疗斑块型银屑病的临床疗效。方法:将60例斑块型银屑病患者按照随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组各30例。对照组皮损处外涂复方丙酸氯倍他索软膏,同时进行全身窄谱中波紫外线照射;治疗组给予...目的:观察蜈黛软膏外涂联合闪罐、走罐治疗斑块型银屑病的临床疗效。方法:将60例斑块型银屑病患者按照随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组各30例。对照组皮损处外涂复方丙酸氯倍他索软膏,同时进行全身窄谱中波紫外线照射;治疗组给予蜈黛软膏外涂联合闪罐、走罐治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效及治疗前后严重程度指数(psoriasis area and severity index,PASI)评分变化情况,观察两组患者不良反应发生情况。结果:两组患者治疗2周、治疗4周PASI评分均低于本组治疗前,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组治疗2周、治疗4周PASI评分低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组有效为率86.7%,对照组有效率为83.3%,两组有效率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组无不良反应发生,对照组有8例患者出现不良反应,对症处理后均得到缓解。结论:蜈黛软膏外涂联合闪罐、走罐治疗斑块型银屑病与复方丙酸氯倍他索软膏联合全身窄谱中波紫外线照射疗效相当,且无明显不良反应。展开更多
基金Project(52074084)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘The high-temperature requirement for liquid iron smelting via molten oxide electrolysis presents significant challenges.This study investigates the electrochemical reduction of Fe(Ⅲ)in a novel low-temperature electrolyte,Na_(2)SiO_(3)-SiO_(2)-Fe_(2)O_(3),utilizing cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry techniques.The results show that Fe(Ⅲ)reduction occurs in two steps:Fe(Ⅲ)+e^(−)→Fe(Ⅱ),Fe(Ⅱ)+2e^(−)→Fe,and that the redox process of Fe(Ⅲ)/Fe(Ⅱ)at the tungsten electrode is an irreversible reaction controlled by diffusion.The diffusion coefficients of Fe(Ⅲ)in the molten Na_(2)SiO_(3)-SiO_(2)-Fe_(2)O_(3)in the temperature range of 1248–1278 K are between 1.86×10^(−6)cm^(2)/s and 1.58×10^(−4)cm^(2)/s.The diffusion activation energy of Fe(Ⅲ)in the molten salt is 1825.41 kJ/mol.As confirmed by XRD analysis,potentiostatic electrolysis at−0.857 V(vs.O_(2)/O_(complex)^(2-))for 6 h produces metallic iron on the cathode.
基金Project(52004062)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2020-MS-084)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,ChinaProject(N2125014)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China。
文摘The electrochemical behavior of Al(Ⅲ)in urea-1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride-aluminum chloride(urea-BMIC-AlCl_(3))ionic liquids,and the effect of potential and temperature on the characterization of cathode products,current efficiency and energy consumption of aluminum electrorefining have been investigated.Cyclic voltammetry showed that the electrochemical reduction of Al(Ⅲ)was a one-step three-electron-transfer irreversible reaction,and the electrochemical reaction was controlled by diffusion.The diffusion coefficient of Al(Ⅲ)in urea-BMIC-AlCl_(3)ionic liquids at 313 K was 1.94×10^(−7)cm^(2)/s.The 7075 aluminum alloy was used as an anode for electrorefining,and the cathode products were analyzed by XRD,SEM and EDS.The results from XRD analysis indicated that the main phase of the cathode products was aluminum.The results from SEM and EDS characterization revealed that the cathode product obtained by electrorefining−1.2 V(vs.Al)was dense and uniform,and the mass fraction of aluminum decreased from 99.61%to 99.10%as the experimental temperature increased from 313 K to 333 K.In this work,the optimum experimental conditions were−1.2 V(vs.Al)and 313 K.At this time,the cathode current efficiency was 97.80%,while the energy consumption was 3.72 kW·h/kg.
文摘目的:观察蜈黛软膏外涂联合闪罐、走罐治疗斑块型银屑病的临床疗效。方法:将60例斑块型银屑病患者按照随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,每组各30例。对照组皮损处外涂复方丙酸氯倍他索软膏,同时进行全身窄谱中波紫外线照射;治疗组给予蜈黛软膏外涂联合闪罐、走罐治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效及治疗前后严重程度指数(psoriasis area and severity index,PASI)评分变化情况,观察两组患者不良反应发生情况。结果:两组患者治疗2周、治疗4周PASI评分均低于本组治疗前,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组治疗2周、治疗4周PASI评分低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组有效为率86.7%,对照组有效率为83.3%,两组有效率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗组无不良反应发生,对照组有8例患者出现不良反应,对症处理后均得到缓解。结论:蜈黛软膏外涂联合闪罐、走罐治疗斑块型银屑病与复方丙酸氯倍他索软膏联合全身窄谱中波紫外线照射疗效相当,且无明显不良反应。
