川东北通江地区须家河组天然裂缝发育规律及控制因素

致密砂岩储层天然裂缝的发育规律对气藏富集和单井产能有重要影响。文中基于地表露头、岩心、薄片、地球物理和试气试采等数据资料,明确了通江地区上三叠统须家河组天然裂缝的发育规律和控制因素,建立了裂缝发育地质模式,提出了气藏甜点类型和分布范围。研究表明:1)通江地区须家河组致密砂岩储层发育构造成因和非构造成因的2种天然裂缝;2)天然裂缝的优势方位为近南北向,以中高角度裂缝为主;3)天然裂缝的发育程度受岩性、岩石力学层厚和构造作用等因素联合控制,粉砂岩是裂缝发育的优势岩性,断层面和褶皱核部是裂缝发育的有利部位;4)结合地震预测结果,明确了距断层面小于300 m且距褶皱枢纽面小于400 m的裂缝发育带为须家河组致密储层的裂缝甜点区。研究结果可为该区的储量评价和井位部署提供依据。

Hydrocarbon accumulation and orderly distribution of whole petroleum system in marine carbonate rocks of Sichuan Basin,SW China

Based on the situation and progress of marine oil/gas exploration in the Sichuan Basin,SW China,the whole petroleum system is divided for marine carbonate rocks of the basin according to the combinations of hydrocarbon accumulation elements,especially the source rock.The hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics of each whole petroleum system are analyzed,the patterns of integrated conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon accumulation are summarized,and the favorable exploration targets are proposed.Under the control of multiple extensional-convergent tectonic cycles,the marine carbonate rocks of the Sichuan Basin contain three sets of regional source rocks and three sets of regional cap rocks,and can be divided into the Cambrian,Silurian and Permian whole petroleum systems.These whole petroleum systems present mainly independent hydrocarbon accumulation,containing natural gas of affinity individually.Locally,large fault zones run through multiple whole petroleum systems,forming a fault-controlled complex whole petroleum system.The hydrocarbon accumulation sequence of continental shelf facies shale gas accumulation,marginal platform facies-controlled gas reservoirs,and intra-platform fault-and facies-controlled gas reservoirs is common in the whole petroleum system,with a stereoscopic accumulation and orderly distribution pattern.High-quality source rock is fundamental to the formation of large gas fields,and natural gas in a whole petroleum system is generally enriched near and within the source rocks.The development and maintenance of large-scale reservoirs are essential for natural gas enrichment,multiple sources,oil and gas transformation,and dynamic adjustment are the characteristics of marine petroleum accumulation,and good preservation conditions are critical to natural gas accumulation.Large-scale marginal-platform reef-bank facies zones,deep shale gas,and large-scale lithological complexes related to source-connected faults are future marine hydrocarbon exploration targets in the Sichuan Basin.

滇西片岩区古滑坡形成机制及高填方边坡稳定性研究

片岩具有蠕变性、力学各向异性、遇水软化、强度劣化等特性。某在建机场工程位于滇西片岩分布区,机场北东侧高填方边坡区发育大型滑坡,滑坡上垂直填方高达74m,边坡稳定性直接影响机场的建设、投资和安全。采用地质调查、钻探、井探、物探等方法,查明了滑坡现状特征;采用原位试验、室内试验、参数反演研究了滑坡区岩土物理力学特性;采用传递系数法和数值法分析了滑坡和高填方边坡的稳定性。研究得出:该滑坡为一古滑坡,历时变形破坏机制为牵引式和推移式复合滑移,填方前古滑坡整体稳定,填方后天然工况下欠稳定,暴雨及地震工况下不稳定,边坡稳定性受地形、填方荷载、岩性、降雨和地下水综合影响,预测边坡失稳后滑距为160~255m,建议采取“避让为主,防治结合”的治理方案。研究成果对类似工程边坡稳定性分析、抗剪强度参数取值、设计及灾害防治等具有参考价值。

中药材在国内食品中的发展与应用

在我国传统中医实践中,中药材既是治病的药品,又具有相当长食用历史,至今仍被广泛食用。随着时代的发展,养生理念越加深入人心,将药食同源的中药材应用于食品领域是将食品升级到更安全的研究方向开发迫在眉睫。

人参龙眼阿胶蜜膏工艺研究

以药食同源药材人参、龙眼肉、阿胶、山楂、干姜和酸枣为原料,利用药食同源的资源特色和优势,开发出一种可以有效缓解睡眠、健脾养血、益气安神的养生产品。采用正交试验设计方案最终确定最佳提取方法,最终确定提取时间为1.5 h、加水量8倍、提取次数3次、蜂蜜添加量为60%时感官评分最高。