Influence of the Source to Substrate Distance on the Growth,Tribological Properties and Optical Properties of Be Films

The Be films were prepared by thermal evaporation at different sources to substrate distances（SSD） on glass substrates. The decrease of SSD from 90 mm to 50 mm caused the increase of substrate temperature and the rising density of incident Be atoms, thus the properties of Be films greatly changed accordingly. The experimental results showed that the grain diameter in the Be films transited from below 100 nm to 300 nm, the film growth rate increased from 2.35 nm/min to 4.73 nm/min and the roughness increased from 7 nm to 49 nm. The performance study suggested that the friction coefficient of Be films increased from 0.13 to 0.27 and was related to the surface roughness and inner structure, the near-infrared reflectance of Be films increased from 40% to 85% with the increase of wavelength and concurrently decreased with the decrease of SSD, respectively. The performance study indicated that the Be film had the potential application in specific near-infrared reflectance optical system.

Specific heat and related thermophysical properties of liquid Fe-Cu-Mo alloy

The specific heat and related thermophysical properties of liquid Fe77.5Cu13Mo9.5 monotectic alloy were investigated by an electromagnetic levitation drop calo-rimeter over a wide temperature range from 1482 to 1818 K.A maximum under-cooling of 221 K(0.13 Tm)was achieved and the specific heat was determined as 44.71 J·mol1·K1.The excess specific heat,enthalpy change,entropy change and Gibbs free energy difference of this alloy were calculated on the basis of experimental results.It was found that the calculated results by traditional esti-mating methods can only describe the solidification process under low under-cooling conditions.Only the experimental results can reflect the reality under high undercooling conditions.Meanwhile,the thermal diffusivity,thermal conductivity,and sound speed were derived from the present experimental results.Furthermore,the solidified microstructural morphology was examined,which consists of(Fe)and(Cu)phases.The calculated interface energy was applied to exploring the correlation between competitive nucleation and solidification microstructure within monotectic alloy.

Local Structure and Dynamics Procedure of Impurities Fe,Al and Mn in Melt Beryllium

The local structure and dynamics of impurities Fe,Al and Mn in beryllium were investigated on an atomic scale using ab initio molecular dynamics and statistical physics methods.The analysis of the radial distribution function centered on impurity atoms shows that the density of beryllium atoms around Fe and Mn is 8.4%and 8.6%higher than that around Al,respectively.The statistics of the measure square displacement of impurity atoms show that the diffusion coefficients of Al atoms are 114%and 133%larger than that of Fe and Mn atoms in the melt beryllium,respectively.Statistical analysis of velocity autocorrelation function of impurity atom shows that Fe and Mn atoms collide strongly with beryllium atoms in the first coordination layer,indicating that they are tightly surrounded and bound by the surrounding beryllium atoms in the central position,while the beryllium atoms around Al are loosely arranged and have weak binding forces with Al.The analysis of the activity coefficients of the impurities shows that when Fe or Mn enters the melt beryllium,it reduces the free energy of the system,whereas when Al enters,it increases the system energy.In summary,the interatomic force of BeAl is weak,so they do not form intermetallic compounds,and Al diffuses quickly in beryllium.While BeFe and BeMn have strong interatomic forces,and tend to form more BeFe and BeMn bonds to reduce the free energy of the system,so Fe and Mn diffuse slowly in beryllium.Ab initio molecular dynamics can be used to forecast the best experimental temperature for the vacuum distillation of beryllium.