缺乏监测的水文数据是流域水资源科学高效管理面临的一个重大挑战,为此,国际水文科学学会认为无资料流域水文预测,简称为PUB(predictions in ungauged basins)是水文水资源研究的难点问题。随着PUB十年计划的提出,围绕该主题的研究逐渐...缺乏监测的水文数据是流域水资源科学高效管理面临的一个重大挑战,为此,国际水文科学学会认为无资料流域水文预测,简称为PUB(predictions in ungauged basins)是水文水资源研究的难点问题。随着PUB十年计划的提出,围绕该主题的研究逐渐受到国内外众多学者的关注,通过总结当前研究,本文从借“什么米”、向谁借“米”及如何使用借来的“米”三个方面对无资料流域径流模拟预测的研究方法进行了梳理。在此基础上,分析讨论当前研究存在的问题,最后结合我国的实际状况对未来研究方向进行了展望,为PUB研究提供了较为综合的信息参考。展开更多
The impact of socioeconomic development on land-use and land-cover change(LUCC)in river basins varies spatially and temporally.Exploring the spatiotemporal evolutionary trends and drivers of LUCC under regional dispar...The impact of socioeconomic development on land-use and land-cover change(LUCC)in river basins varies spatially and temporally.Exploring the spatiotemporal evolutionary trends and drivers of LUCC under regional disparities is the basis for the sustainable development and management of basins.In this study,the Weihe River Basin(WRB)in China was selected as a typical basin,and the WRB was divided into the upstream of the Weihe River Basin(UWRB),the midstream of the Weihe River Basin(MWRB),the downstream of the Weihe River Basin(DWRB),the Jinghe River Basin(JRB),and the Luohe River Basin(LRB).Based on land-use data(cultivated land,forestland,grassland,built-up land,bare land,and water body)from 1985 to 2020,we analyzed the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of LUCC in the WRB using a land-use transfer matrix and a dynamic change model.The driving forces of LUCC in the WRB in different periods were detected using the GeoDetector,and the selected influencing factors included meteorological factors(precipitation and temperature),natural factors(elevation,slope,soil,and distance to rivers),social factors(distance to national highway,distance to railway,distance to provincial highway,and distance to expressway),and human activity factors(population density and gross domestic product(GDP)).The results indicated that the types and intensities of LUCC conversions showed considerable disparities across different sub-basins,where complex conversions among cultivated land,forestland,and grassland occurred in the LRB,JRB,and UWRB,with higher dynamic change before 2000.The conversion of other land-use types to built-up land was concentrated in the UWRB,MWRB,and DWRB,with substantial increases after 2000.Additionally,the driving effects of the influencing factors on LUCC in each sub-basin also exhibited distinct diversity,with the LRB and JRB being influenced by the meteorological and social factors,and the UWRB,MWRB,and DWRB being driven by human activity factors.Moreover,the interaction of these influencing factors indicated an enhanced effect on LUCC.This study confirmed the spatiotemporal heterogeneity effects of socioeconomic status on LUCC in the WRB under regional differences,contributing to the sustainable development of the whole basin by managing sub-basins according to local conditions.展开更多
文摘缺乏监测的水文数据是流域水资源科学高效管理面临的一个重大挑战,为此,国际水文科学学会认为无资料流域水文预测,简称为PUB(predictions in ungauged basins)是水文水资源研究的难点问题。随着PUB十年计划的提出,围绕该主题的研究逐渐受到国内外众多学者的关注,通过总结当前研究,本文从借“什么米”、向谁借“米”及如何使用借来的“米”三个方面对无资料流域径流模拟预测的研究方法进行了梳理。在此基础上,分析讨论当前研究存在的问题,最后结合我国的实际状况对未来研究方向进行了展望,为PUB研究提供了较为综合的信息参考。
基金supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(2019JLZ-15)the Water Science and Technology Program of Shaanxi Province(2018slkj-4)the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region,Xi'an University of Technology(2019KJCXTD-5)。
文摘The impact of socioeconomic development on land-use and land-cover change(LUCC)in river basins varies spatially and temporally.Exploring the spatiotemporal evolutionary trends and drivers of LUCC under regional disparities is the basis for the sustainable development and management of basins.In this study,the Weihe River Basin(WRB)in China was selected as a typical basin,and the WRB was divided into the upstream of the Weihe River Basin(UWRB),the midstream of the Weihe River Basin(MWRB),the downstream of the Weihe River Basin(DWRB),the Jinghe River Basin(JRB),and the Luohe River Basin(LRB).Based on land-use data(cultivated land,forestland,grassland,built-up land,bare land,and water body)from 1985 to 2020,we analyzed the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of LUCC in the WRB using a land-use transfer matrix and a dynamic change model.The driving forces of LUCC in the WRB in different periods were detected using the GeoDetector,and the selected influencing factors included meteorological factors(precipitation and temperature),natural factors(elevation,slope,soil,and distance to rivers),social factors(distance to national highway,distance to railway,distance to provincial highway,and distance to expressway),and human activity factors(population density and gross domestic product(GDP)).The results indicated that the types and intensities of LUCC conversions showed considerable disparities across different sub-basins,where complex conversions among cultivated land,forestland,and grassland occurred in the LRB,JRB,and UWRB,with higher dynamic change before 2000.The conversion of other land-use types to built-up land was concentrated in the UWRB,MWRB,and DWRB,with substantial increases after 2000.Additionally,the driving effects of the influencing factors on LUCC in each sub-basin also exhibited distinct diversity,with the LRB and JRB being influenced by the meteorological and social factors,and the UWRB,MWRB,and DWRB being driven by human activity factors.Moreover,the interaction of these influencing factors indicated an enhanced effect on LUCC.This study confirmed the spatiotemporal heterogeneity effects of socioeconomic status on LUCC in the WRB under regional differences,contributing to the sustainable development of the whole basin by managing sub-basins according to local conditions.
