基于WGAN-GP和CNN-LSTM-Attention的短期光伏功率预测

针对非晴天天气类型历史数据量匮乏导致光伏功率预测精度低的问题,提出了一种含有梯度惩罚的改进生成对抗网络(Wasserstein generative adversarial network with gradient penalty,WGAN-GP)和CNN-LSTM-Attention光伏功率短期预测模型。首先,利用K-means++聚类算法将历史光伏数据划分为若干天气类型,使用WGAN-GP生成符合各天气类型数据分布规律的高质量新样本,实现训练集数据增强。其次,结合卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network,CNN)在特征提取上的优势和长短期记忆网络(long short-term memory,LSTM)在时间序列预测上的优势,提升预测模型学习光伏功率与气象数据间长期映射关系的能力。此外,引入注意力机制(Attention)弥补输入序列长时LSTM难以保留关键信息的不足。实验结果表明:基于WGAN-GP对各类型天气样本扩充能有效提高预测精度;与3种经典预测模型相比,所提出的CNN-LSTM-Attention模型具有更高的预测精度。

Short-TermWind Power Prediction Based on Combinatorial Neural Networks

Wind power volatility not only limits the large-scale grid connection but also poses many challenges to safe grid operation.Accurate wind power prediction can mitigate the adverse effects of wind power volatility on wind power grid connections.For the characteristics of wind power antecedent data and precedent data jointly to determine the prediction accuracy of the prediction model,the short-term prediction of wind power based on a combined neural network is proposed.First,the Bi-directional Long Short Term Memory(BiLSTM)network prediction model is constructed,and the bi-directional nature of the BiLSTM network is used to deeply mine the wind power data information and find the correlation information within the data.Secondly,to avoid the limitation of a single prediction model when the wind power changes abruptly,the Wavelet Transform-Improved Adaptive Genetic Algorithm-Back Propagation(WT-IAGA-BP)neural network based on the combination of the WT-IAGA-BP neural network and BiLSTM network is constructed for the short-term prediction of wind power.Finally,comparing with LSTM,BiLSTM,WT-LSTM,WT-BiLSTM,WT-IAGA-BP,and WT-IAGA-BP&LSTM prediction models,it is verified that the wind power short-term prediction model based on the combination of WT-IAGA-BP neural network and BiLSTM network has higher prediction accuracy.