Bird species composition and conservation challenges in the Gaoligong Mountains, one of the most diverse bird areas in the world

The Gaoligong Mountains(GLGM),located in southwestern China,extend north to south along the western border of the Hengduan Mountains,spanning approximately 600 km.In this study,we consolidated findings from 17 bird surveys conducted in the GLGM between 2010 and 2022.We found that the GLGM harbors tremendous bird diversity,with a total of 796 documented bird species in the region.Nearly a quarter(23.0%)of these species are listed as state key protected species or as Chinese and global threatened species.Analysis of species richness at the county level showed a decreasing trend with increasing latitude,with the greatest diversity in Yingjiang(661 species).Observations indicated that the GLGM belongs to the Oriental realm,primarily composed of bird species from southern and southwestern China.The GLGM plays an important role in avian conservation by sheltering exceptional bird diversity,providing corridors and flyways for bird migration and dispersal,and mitigating the effects of climate change.In response to the conservation needs of birds and other wildlife,the Chinese government has established numerous protected areas within the GLGM.Despite these efforts,avian conservation still faces considerable challenges in the GLGM due to limitations in the protected area network,transboundary nature of the regions,and existing gaps in monitoring and research.

Mimics软件三维重建技术行钛网形态优化设计在颅骨成形术中的应用

目的探讨应用Mimics软件三维重建技术进行钛网形态优化设计在颅骨成形术中的应用效果。方法2017年5月至2022年5月前瞻性进行颅骨成形术60例,其中30例应用Mimics软件三维重建技术进行钛网形态优化设计(优化组),30例应用常规设计的钛网(对照组)。结果与对照组比较,优化组手术切口供血良好率明显增高(80.0%vs.53.3%;P=0.028),术后切口甲级愈合率明显增高(70.0%vs.40.0%;P=0.020),术后拆线时间明显缩短[(7.07±0.95)d vs.(7.83±1.12)d;P=0.006],术后大量硬膜外积液发生率明显降低(10.0%vs.36.7%;P=0.015)。优化组术后无颅内出血、钛网外露情况。结论应用Mimics软件三维重建技术对钛网形态进行优化设计,可有效降低颅骨成形术中切口缝合的张力,术后切口供血和愈合更佳,缩短术后拆线时间,降低大量硬膜外积液的发生率,有效减少颅内出血和钛网外露。

不同物料流对皮带机转载点的振动冲击分析与研究

选煤厂带式输送机转载点处两皮带有一定高度差,受上端面煤块大小、含水量等因素影响,会对皮带机造成不同程度的振动冲击,从而影响皮带机带身及托辊的使用寿命。为探究物料流对转载点振动冲击的影响,结合现场调研及相关理论,推出落料冲击的影响因素主要为物料流粒度级别和含水量。然后利用光纤振动传感器、数据采集卡等器材和Labview测试系统进行现场试验,将落料口下方带式输送机在不同物料流冲击下的振动信号进行采集和处理,试验结果表明,不同粒度物料流对转载点振动冲击不同,小粒度物料流对转载点的振动波形峰值为大粒度物料流的20%,自功率谱波形峰值为0.625%;不同含水量对转载点振动冲击不同,含水量少的物料流对转载点的振动波形峰值为含水量多物料流的60%,自功率谱波形峰值降低为45%。研究结果可为降低皮带机转载点振动冲击提供合理的方法。

Investigation and Hazard Assessment of Invasive Alien Plants on the Campus of Tongren University

[Objectives]The paper was to investigate and assess the species,distribution and hazard status of invasive alien plants on the campus of Tongren University.[Methods]A survey was conducted using line survey method,and the risk assessment index system of invasive alien plants was established by analytic hierarchy process(AHP).[Results]There were 11 species of invasive alien plants on the campus of Tongren University,belonging to 8 genera and 5 families.There were 6 species of invasive alien plants belonging to Asteraceae,accounting for 54.55%of the total.In terms of the origin of invasive plants,most of them were native to North America and Europe,accounting for 27.27%of the total.In terms of harmful level,there were no high-risk invasive plants on the campus of Tongren University,but Alternanthera philoxeroides had the highest score and was the most harmful.[Conclusions]The present situation of alien plant invasion on the campus of Tongren University is closely related to the ecological environment of the campus.It is suggested to strengthen the management of campus plants,focus on the prevention and control of A.philoxeroides,and carry out regular investigation of invasive alien plants on campus to ensure the ecological safety of the campus.

基于ESO的仿蝙蝠扑翼飞行器姿态控制仿真

针对仿蝙蝠扑翼飞行器的纵向气动特性不稳定、易受扰动的问题,设计了一种基于扩张状态观测器(ESO)的姿态控制方法,实现了扑翼飞行器姿态的稳定与抗干扰控制。首先建立仿蝙蝠扑翼飞行器的动力学模型;进而在该模型基础上分析了扑翼飞行器的纵向稳定性;然后将系统的不确定部分与各种未知的外界扰动作为系统的总扰动,引入ESO模块对总扰动进行实时观测与跟踪;最后在原有的PID控制器中加入扰动补偿环节。数值仿真结果表明,基于ESO的控制算法对于仿蝙蝠扑翼飞行器的控制效果显著优于基于PID的控制方法,阶跃响应的调节时间加快41.27%,对系统输入的白噪声干扰波动峰值从6.02%降低到2.82%,正弦扰动的波动峰值从11.56%降低到3.22%。

The MtRGF6 Peptide Differentially Regulates Root Development and Symbiotic Nodulation of Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus

Rhizobia induces nitrogen-fixing nodules in legumes used in agricultural production,providing a direct source of combined nitrogen to leguminous crops.Small peptides,such as CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION peptides(CLE),are known to regulate the formation and development of nitrogen-fixing nodules in legumes.Root meristem growth factor(RGF)peptides from Medicago truncatula not only regulate root develop-ment but also modulate nodulation symbiosis with Sinorhizobium meliloti.However,the impact of RGF peptides from one leguminous species on the others remains unclear.In this study,we investigate the effects of the RGF family peptide MtRGF6p from M.truncatula on nodulation symbiosis and root development in Lotus japonicus.The MtRGF6 gene is predominantly expressed in the root nodules of M.truncatula and shows low identity with RGF homologous genes from L.japonicus.The gene promoter is active in the primordia of root nodules and lat-eral roots,as well as in young nodules and roots,and the meristem,infection,and nitrogen-fixing regions of the mature nodule.Chemically synthesized MtRGF6p promoted primary root growth in M.truncatula but sup-pressed the growth of L.japonicus primary roots.The peptide negatively affected the initiation of nodule primor-dia,the formation of infection threads,and nodulation in both legumes,with a low dosage showing effects on L.japonicus compared to M.truncatula.These results suggest that the MtRGF6 peptide from M.truncatula may serve as an inter-species signal affecting the root organ development of L.japonicus.

中国传统戏曲文化融入来华留学生教育的价值意蕴与实践进路

在中华民族伟大复兴和文化自信背景下,中国戏曲文化作为中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分,包含着丰厚的艺术特色和美学特点,更包含着厚重的人文情怀和理想价值。中国传统戏曲文化作为跨文化交流与传播的有效载体,在融入来华留学生教育过程中的价值重大。从中国传统戏曲文化融入来华留学生的内在逻辑和价值意蕴方面来看,要想推动中国戏曲文化的创造性转化和融入来华留学生的教育,首先,要激发来华留学生的学习热情,促进学生自主探索戏曲;其次,创新文化传播,系统推进戏曲传承发展,并打造精品戏剧,以新颖的表演形式和互联网平台来呈现和扩大中国传统戏曲文化的影响力;再次,要积极拓宽对外交流传播手段,优化传播路径,推进世界戏曲文化共荣;最后,要讲好中国故事,展示好当代中国的发展进步和精彩生活。戏曲文化的教育在当下的留学生教育中发挥了重要的宣教功能,让世界更多的人民感受到中国传统文化的多元魅力。

改性榴莲壳对染料吸附的热力学与动力学研究

以NaOH为原料对榴莲壳进行改性,用SEM及FT-IR表征其结构,考察改性榴莲壳(DRP)对罗丹明B(RhB)的吸附性能,并对吸附过程进行动力学与热力学研究。结果表明:在温度为318 K,溶液pH=3.21时,DRP对RhB的最大吸附容量可达99.88(mg·g-1);298、308和318 K三个温度下的ΔGθ分别为-2.31、-4.34和-6.41(kJ·mol-1),ΔSθ=204.98(J·mol-1·K-1),ΔHθ=58.77(kJ·mol-1);吸附过程可用拟二级动力学模型来描述,符合Langmuir等温线模型;DRP可作为吸附材料用于治理含罗丹明B的染料废水。

基于改进YOLOv4的道路病害实时检测模型

针对道路中存在多类、尺度不一的病害类型导致其检测精度低、检测速率慢以及漏检等问题,提出一种基于改进YOLOv4的道路病害实时检测模型。在网络模型中,首先优化卷积块中的归一化方式,采用组归一化来代替批量归一化,避免因BatchSize过小而导致检测效果不佳的情况发生;同时对卷积块进行优化,使用深度可分离卷积块来替代原有卷积块,量化网络模型的参数计算量,提高检测速度;最后在检测头中使用自适应非极大值抑制算法,解决非极大值抑制固定阈值引起的小目标漏检和误检问题。实验结果表明,改进后的YOLOv4算法在道路病害检测的检测精度mAP值高达88.64%,检测速度可达37.90帧/秒;与原YOLOv4算法相比,改进后的算法在检测精度上提高了2.89个百分点,同比检测速度增加了10.60帧/秒,且有效解决了漏检现象,进一步提高了在道路病害检测中的实用性。

Novel circular RNAs expressed in brain microvascular endothelial cells after oxygen-glucose deprivation/recovery

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are generated by head-to-tail splicing and are ubiquitously expressed in all multicellular organisms. Their important biological functions are increasingly recognized. Cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury-induced brain microvascular endothelial cell dysfunction is an initial stage of blood-brain barrier disruption. The expression profile and potential function of circRNAs in brain microvascular endothelial cells is unknown. Rat brain microvascular endothelial cells were extracted and cultured in glucose-free medium for 4 hours with 5% CO2 and 95% N2, and the medium was then replaced with complete growth medium for 6 hours. The RNA in these cells was then extracted. The circRNA was identified by Find_circ and CIRI2 software. Functional and pathway enrichment analysis of genes that were common to differentially expressed mRNAs and circRNA host genes was performed by the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery Functional Annotation Tool. Miranda software was used to predict microRNAs that were potentially sponged by circRNAs. Furthermore, cytoscape depicted the circR-NA-microRNA interaction network. The results showed that there were 1288 circRNAs in normal and oxygen-glucose deprived/recovered primary brain microvascular endothelial cells. There are 211 upregulated and 326 downregulated differentially expressed circRNAs. The host genes of these differentially expressed circRNAs overlapped with those of differentially expressed mRNAs. The shared genes were further studied by functional enrichment analyses, which revealed that circRNAs may contribute to calcium ion function and the cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (CAMP) dependent protein kinase (PKα) signaling pathway. Next, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays were performed to detect circRNA levels transcribed from the overlapping host genes. Eight out of the ten circRNAs with the highest fold-change identified by sequencing were successfully verified. Subsequently, the circRNA-microRNA interaction networks of these eight circRNAs were explored by bioinformatic analysis. These results demonstrate that altered circRNAs may be important in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury and consequently may also be potential therapeutic targets for cerebral ischemia diseases. All animal experiments were approved by the Chongqing Medical University Committee on Animal Research, China (approval No. CQMU20180086) on March 22, 2018.

Research progress of local characteristic drugs for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in Xinjiang

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by synovitis.This disease tends to recur,persist,and is difficult to cure.The pathogenesis of RA is complex.Currently,the commonly used treatments for RA—non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs),disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs(DMARDs),glucocorticoids,and immunosuppressants—have notable side effects with long-term use and may be ineffective for some patients.Therefore,it is crucial to find drugs with limited side effects and significant curative effects.Xinjiang's local characteristic drugs have a long history,abundant resources,and are known for their safety and effectiveness in treating RA.In recent years,many studies have reported on the mechanisms of action and therapeutic effects of Xinjiang's local characteristic drugs on RA.This article reviews the pathogenesis of RA,as well as the research progress and treatment characteristics of Xinjiang-featured drugs.

单层皮肌瓣入路小曲率钛网植入在颅骨修补术中的应用

目的分析单层皮肌瓣入路小曲率钛网植入在颅骨修补术中的应用效果。方法回顾性分析2018-05—2022-05行颅骨修补术的60例患者,其中观察组30例采用单层皮肌瓣入路小曲率钛网植入,常规组30例采用常规颞肌下钛网植入。比较2组患者的手术时间、切口缝合张力、切口拆线时间、切口愈合等级、钛网周围积液、钛网外露、额纹消失、颞肌萎缩、咀嚼乏力情况。结果与常规组比较,观察组切口缝合张力小,拆线时间缩短,切口愈合更佳,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后钛网周围积液、钛网外露、额纹消失、颞肌萎缩、咀嚼乏力总体并发症较常规组少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论单层皮肌瓣入路小曲率钛网植入可减小切口缝合张力,术后手术部位皮瓣厚实,切口愈合更佳,钛网两侧组织与钛网良好贴合,避免钛网周围积液和钛网外露并发症,并有效保护面神经颞支和颞肌功能,避免额纹消失、颞肌萎缩、咀嚼乏力等并发症。

Cause of postprandial vomiting-a giant retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma enclosing large blood vessels: A case report

BACKGROUND Ganglioneuroma (GN) is a rare neurogenic tumor that accounts for about 0.1%- 0.5% of all tumors of the nervous system.It originates from neural crest cells.GN has no specific clinical symptoms or laboratory findings,which leaves it easily overlooked and misdiagnosed as other tumors.Retroperitoneal GN with very large volume and vascular penetration is extremely rare.CASE SUMMARY We present the imaging and pathological findings of a giant retroperitoneal GN in a child.A 4-year-old boy had suffered from postprandial vomiting for more than 6 mo with no precipitating factors.Abdominal computerized tomographic examination showed a giant cystic mass in the retroperitoneal area.After injection of contrast agent,the mass showed heterogeneous enhancement.Surgery with local excision of the mass was performed to address the embedded abdominal blood vessels,and the histopathological and immunohistochemical diagnosis of the mass was GN.Postprandial vomiting was relieved,and no complications occurred after the operation.CONCLUSION In the diagnosis of giant retroperitoneal hypodense masses in children,GN should be considered if the mass presents delayed enhancement,punctate calcification,and vascular embedding but no invasion.Pathology is the golden standard for the diagnosis of GN,and surgical excision is the optimal treatment for GN.

ATP binding cassette C1 (ABCC1/MRP1)-mediated drug efflux contributes to disease progression in T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Purpose: In acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), multidrug resistance is often mediated by AT- Pase Binding Cassette (ABC) proteins, which principally involve ABCC1 (multidrug resistance protein 1, MRP1) and ABCB1 (multidrug resistance 1, MDR1). However, direct comparisons between the differential effects of ABCC1 and ABCB1 have been difficult, since identical cell lines with differential expression of these transporters have not been developed. Experimental Design: In this study, we developed and compared the biological profiles of Jurkat cell lines that selectively over-expressed ABCC1 and ABCB1. Vincristine (VCR) plays an important role in the treatment of T-lineage ALL (T-ALL), and is often the first drug given to newly-diagnosed patients. Because of its importance in treatment, we provide descalating, sub-lethal doses of VCR to Jurkat cells, and extended our observations to expression profiling of newly diagnosed patients with T-ALL. Results: We found that VCR-resistant cells over-expressed ABCC1 nearly 30-fold. The calcein AM assay confirmed that VCR-resistant cells actively extruded VCR, and that ABCC1-mediated drug resistance conferred a different spectrum of multidrug resistance than other T-ALL induction agents. siRNA experiments that blocked ABCC1 export confirmed that VCR resistance could be reversed in vitro. Analyses of T-lymphoblasts obtained from 100 newly diagnosed T-ALL patients treated on Children’s Oncology Group Phase III studies 9404 and AALL0434 that induction failure could be could be partially explained by the over-expression of ABCC1 and ABCB1. Conclusions: Taken together, these results suggest that over-expression of ABC transporters plays a contributing role in mediating treatment failure in T-ALL, and underscore the need to employ alternate treatment approaches in patients for whom induction failed or for those with relapsed disease.

Data mining analysis of Professor Liu Shangyi＇s prescription characteristics in clinical medicine for the treatment of cancer patients with stomachache

Objective： To analyze National Chinese Medicine Master Liu Shangyi’s prescription characteristics of clinical medicinefor the treatment of cancer patients with stomachache. Methods： Data on prescriptions for cancer patients withstomachache between January 2014 and July 2016 were collected. The composing principles were analyzed byunsupervised data mining methods including Apriori algorithm in association rules and complex system entropy cluster.Results： Based on the analysis of 120 prescriptions, the frequency of each herb and association rules among the herbswere computed. Four core combinations and two new prescriptions were mined from the database. Compared to thebefore treatment, the clinical symptomatic grading of stomachache after treatment was lower （P 〈 0.001）. Conclusion：Professor Liu has been successful in the treatment of cancer patients with stomachache by prescribing medication thataids in activating blood circulation, removing dampness, and alleviating pain.

Access block and prolonged length of stay in the emergency department are associated with a higher patient mortality rate

Access block,known as exit block or boarding,is defined as a situation in which patients who are admitted or planned for admission remain in the emergency department(ED)as they are unable to be transferred to an inpatient unit within a reasonable time frame(no longer than 8 hours).[1,2]Access block often occurs due to insufficient hospital capacity and is a major issue in emergency medicine.[3]

Total Ionization Dose Effects on Charge Storage Capability of Al2O3/HfO2/Al2O3-Based Charge Trapping Memory Cell

Because of the discrete charge storage mechanism, charge trapping memory（CTM） technique is a good candidate for aerospace and military missions. The total ionization dose（TID） effects on CTM cells with Al2O3/HfO2/Al2O3（AHA） high-k gate stack structure under in-situ 10 keV x-rays are studied. The C-V characteristics at different radiation doses demonstrate that charge stored in the device continues to be leaked away during the irradiation,thereby inducing the shift of flat band voltage（V（fb））. The dc memory window shows insignificant changes, suggesting the existence of good P/E ability. Furthermore, the physical mechanisms of TID induced radiation damages in AHA-based CTM are analyzed.

Pharmacological intervention of traditional Chinese medicine for the quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer： a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective： The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of various traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）approaches on the quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer. Methods： In this study, we systematically performedthe screening of randomized controlled trials from Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science.The data were extracted by two reviewers independently, and then risk assessment was performed. All the analyses wereconducted using Review Manager 5.3. Results： A total of 18 eligible studies containing 1312 patients were included.Experimental group were treated with TCM combined with Western medicine or TCM alone （N = 688） and controlgroup were treated with Western medicine treatment alone （N = 624）. The results showed that the recent clinicalefficiency between the two groups was not statistically significant （P = 0.06）. KPS scores of the experimental group werehigher than those in the control group [P 〈 0.001, WMD = 9.60, 95%CI = （5.62, 13.57）]. The toxicity comparisonshowed that the occurrence of toxicities, such as leucopenia, thrombocytopenia, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, andneurotoxicity in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group [P 〈 0.001, OR = 0.31, 95%CI = （0.19,0.50）], [P = 0.003, OR = 0.49, 95%CI = （0.31, 0.78）], [P 〈 0.001, OR = 0.30, 95%CI = （0.16, 0.54）], [P 〈 0.001, OR =0.40, 95%CI = （0.27, 0.58）], and [P 〈 0.001, OR = 0.43, 95%CI = （0.30, 0.61）]. The immunological test comparisondemonstrated that the immunological parameters （CD3, CD4, and CD4/CD8） showed higher values in the experimentalgroup than those in the control group [P 〈 0.001, MD = 5.55, 95%CI = （4.83, 6.28）], [P 〈 0.0001, MD = 6.75, 95%CI =（5.25, 8.26）], and [P = 0.001, MD = 0.26, 95%CI = （0.10, 0.41）]. Conclusions： TCM did not show significant recentclinical efficiency. However, treatment with TCM showed increase in KPS scores in patients with colorectal cancer,alleviation of toxicity associated with chemotherapy, regulation of autoimmunity, and improvement in the quality of lifeof patients.

Comment on“Comparison of different versions of the quick sequential organ failure assessment for predicting in-hospital mortality of sepsis patients”

Dear editor,We have read with great interest the recent article“Comparison of different versions of the quick sequential organ failure assessment for predicting in-hospital mortality of sepsis patients:A retrospective observational study”.[1]They showed that the performance of the procalcitonin-enhanced qSOFA(PqSOFA)was similar to that of the qSOFA,and the lactate-enhanced qSOFA(LqSOFA)and the modified qSOFA(MqSOFA)were superior to the qSOFA for predicting in-hospital mortality.Further,they suggested that the MqSOFA should be a candidate for the qSOFA in the emergency department(ED).We congratulate the authors for their contributions.However,we has several concerns about this research.