Revisiting tuberculosis as a cause of gastric outlet obstruction:Insights from a case report

Gastroduodenal tuberculosis(GD-TB)is exceptionally rare.The clinical manifestations of gastrointestinal TB are diverse and non-specific,which makes diagnosis difficult,leading to delayed diagnosis and high mortality.As a peer-reviewer of World Journal of Clinical Cases,I would like to share my opinion on the article published by this journal.The patient had no family history of TB or contact with people with TB.Primary GD-TB presenting as gastric outlet obstruction and normal findings of thoracic computed tomography increased the difficulty of diagnosis and treatment in this patient.The diagnosis and treatment scheme of this typical case have reference value for the clinical treatment of GD-TB.

Advancing the predictive accuracy of PNTML in rectal prolapse:An ongoing quest

Fecal incontinence is a common symptom among patients with rectal prolapse.Pudendal nerve terminal motor latency(PNTML)testing can serve as a reference indicator for predicting the outcomes of rectal prolapse surgery,thereby assisting surgeons in formulating more appropriate surgical plans.The direct correlation between preoperative PNTML testing results and postoperative fecal incontinence in patients with rectal prolapse remains a contentious issue,necessitating further clarification.Thus,we analyze the existing publications from both clinical and statistical perspectives to comprehensively evaluate the accuracy of preoperative PNTML testing in rectal prolapse and provide some feasible statistical solutions.

Silica nanoparticle design for colorectal cancer treatment:Recent progress and clinical potential

Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third most common cancer worldwide and the second most common cause of cancer death.Nanotherapies are able to selectively target the delivery of cancer therapeutics,thus improving overall antitumor eff-iciency and reducing conventional chemotherapy side effects.Mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs)have attracted the attention of many researchers due to their remarkable advantages and biosafety.We offer insights into the recent advances of MSNs in CRC treatment and their potential clinical application value.

圈套器辅助预切开技术在困难插管内镜逆行胰胆管造影术中的应用

目的探讨一种新的辅助胆管插管技术在内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)困难插管中的有效性和安全性。方法在ERCP诊疗过程中,对困难插管的23例病例采用圈套器辅助预切开技术进行胆管插管。观察插管时间、插管成功率、术中术后并发症等指标。结果22例插管成功。术中出血1例,观察后自行停止,无胰腺炎和穿孔发生,无操作相关死亡病例。结论圈套器辅助预切开能充分暴露胆总管,层次更加清楚,操作方法简单,可以作为解决困难插管的一个备选方案。

18F-FDG PET/CT in vivo assessment of correlation between vascular calcification and inflammation

Objective:To explore the relationship between calcification of human vascular system and local inflammation using PET/CT.Methods:Patients who were treated with concurrent PET/CT in our hospital were collected continuously,and their arterial image data were analyzed in parallel with standardized uptake values.(SUV)and corresponding slice calcification score(CS)measurement.SUV values were collected and measured for slices with CS greater than 100.Patients were grouped according to CS,and the correlation analysis between SUV values and CS in each group was performed.Results:Overall CS and SUVmax(r=0.62,P<0.05)and SUVmean(r=0.59,P<0.05)were positively correlated,among which CS and SUV values were in the SUVmax(r=0.72,P<0.05),SUVmean(r=0.59,P<0.05),SUVmax of CS 200-299 group(r=0.71,P<0.05),SUVmean(r=0.80,P<0.05),SUVmax of CS 300-399 group(r=0.47,P<0.05),SUVmean(r=0.53,P<0.05)were positively correlated,SUVmax(r=-0.17,P>0.05),SUVmean(r=-0.07,P>0.05)were negatively correlated in CS 400-499 group,CS There was no significant correlation between SUVmax(r=0.22,P>0.05)and SUVmean(r=0.18,P>0.05)in the 500 group.Conclusion:There is a certain correlation between the local vascular calcification area and the corresponding local inflammatory response in the calcification progress PET/CT has the potential to monitor early calcification.

Greater promotion of DNRA rates and nrfA gene transcriptional activity by straw incorporation in alkaline than in acidic paddy soils

Dissimilarity nitrate reduction to ammonium(DNRA)is of significance in agriculture ecosystems as the process is beneficial to N retention in soils.However,how fertilization regimes influence DNRA rates and functional microbes in agriculture was rarely estimated.In the present study,a 2-year pot experiment was conducted in two contrasting paddy soils to evaluate the effects of straw and nitrogen addition on DNRA process and the related functional microbes,using stable isotope tracer and molecular ecology techniques.The results showed that the abundance and transcription activity of nitrite reductase encoding gene(nrfA)involved in DNRA process and DNRA rates were significantly higher in alkaline soils than in acidic soils.Straw incorporation significantly enhanced nrfA gene abundance and transcription activity,with a greater effect in alkaline soil than in acidic soil.The rates of DNRA,abundance and transcription activity of nrfA gene positively correlated to soil C/N and C/NO_(3)^(-) induced by straw application.Sequencing analysis based on nrfA gene transcript showed that Deltaproteobacteria was the most dominant group in both soil types(30.9%-67.4%),while Gammaproteobacteria,Chloroflexi,Actinobacteria were selectively enriched by straw incorporation.These results demonstrated that DNRA activity can be improved by straw return practice in paddy soils while the effect will vary among soil types due to differentiated functional microbial communities and edaphic properties.

Preparation and characterization of optically functional hollow sphere hybrid materials by surface-initiated RATRP and "click" chemistry

The random copolymers grafted onto the surfaces of SiO2 hollow sphere via reverse atom transfer radical polymerization （RATRP） and ＂click＂ chemistry were investigated. A sufficient amount of peroxides, as initiating moieties, were introduced onto the surface of hollow spheres. Then styrene and 4-vinylbenzyl azide were polymerized via surface-initiated reverse atom transfer radical polymerization （SI-RATRP） using the peroxide group modified hollow sphere as initiator, resulting in hollow spheres （HS） with grafted polystyrene-co-poly（4-vinylbenzyl azide） copolymer brushes as （HS-g-PS-co-PVBA） intermedi- ate material. Subsequently, N-propargyl-carbazole （PC） was covalently bonded to HS-g-PS-co-PVBA by the ＂click＂ reaction, resulting in the HS-g-PS-co-PVBPC hybrid material. The excitation spectrum is dominated by a broad band from 350 nm to 400 nm with the maximum peak at 362 nm, attributed to the characteristic absorption of the carbazole grouD of HS-g-PS-co-PVBPC hybrid material.

Copper pollution decreases the resistance of soil microbial community to subsequent dry–rewetting disturbance

Dry–rewetting（DW） disturbance frequently occurs in soils due to rainfall and irrigation, and the frequency of DW cycles might exert significant influences on soil microbial communities and their mediated functions. However, how microorganisms respond to DW alternations in soils with a history of heavy metal pollution remains largely unknown.Here, soil laboratory microcosms were constructed to explore the impacts of ten DW cycles on the soil microbial communities in two contrasting soils（fluvo-aquic soil and red soil）under three copper concentrations（zero, medium and high）. Results showed that the fluctuations of substrate induced respiration（SIR） decreased with repeated cycles of DW alternation. Furthermore, the resistance values of substrate induced respiration（RS-SIR）were highest in non-copper-stressed（zero） soils. Structural equation model（SEM） analysis ascertained that the shifts of bacterial communities determined the changes of RS-SIR in both soils. The rate of bacterial community variance was significantly lower in noncopper-stressed soil compared to the other two copper-stressed（medium and high） soils,which might lead to the higher RS-SIR in the fluvo-aquic soil. As for the red soil, the substantial increase of the dominant group WPS-2 after DW disturbance might result in the low RS-SIR in the high copper-stressed soil. Moreover, in both soils, the bacterial diversity was highest in non-copper-stressed soils. Our results revealed that initial copper stress could decrease the resistance of soil microbial community structure and function to subsequent DW disturbance.

Four new diterpenoid alkaloids with antitumor effect from Aconitum nagarum var. heterotrichum

Four new diterpenoid alkaloids,nagaconitines A-D（1-4）,were isolated from the roots of Aconitum nagarum var.heterotrichum.Their structures were elucidated as 8-（4＇-hydroxylbutyryl） aconitine（1）,15-oxo-13-deoxyludaconitine（2）,15-hydroxyldelphisine（3）,and 14-hydroxyl-2- acetoxyspiradine C（4）based on extensive UV,IR,MS,1D NMR and 2D NMR analyses.Compounds 3-4 showed inhibition of cancer cell line SK-OV-3 with 31%（IC_（50） 43.78 μmol/L） and 24%（IC_（50） 32.14 μmol/L）,respectively.