As a novel paradigm,semantic communication provides an effective solution for breaking through the future development dilemma of classical communication systems.However,it remains an unsolved problem of how to measure...As a novel paradigm,semantic communication provides an effective solution for breaking through the future development dilemma of classical communication systems.However,it remains an unsolved problem of how to measure the information transmission capability for a given semantic communication method and subsequently compare it with the classical communication method.In this paper,we first present a review of the semantic communication system,including its system model and the two typical coding and transmission methods for its implementations.To address the unsolved issue of the information transmission capability measure for semantic communication methods,we propose a new universal performance measure called Information Conductivity.We provide the definition and the physical significance to state its effectiveness in representing the information transmission capabilities of the semantic communication systems and present elaborations including its measure methods,degrees of freedom,and progressive analysis.Experimental results in image transmission scenarios validate its practical applicability.展开更多
目的分析儿童腹腔镜胆总管囊肿根治术后并发症的发生情况,并探讨其危险因素。方法2015年8月至2023年6月广州医科大学附属妇女儿童医疗中心胃肠外科六病区共收治胆总管囊肿患儿498例,根据纳入标准对其中464例进行回顾性分析,将其中出现...目的分析儿童腹腔镜胆总管囊肿根治术后并发症的发生情况,并探讨其危险因素。方法2015年8月至2023年6月广州医科大学附属妇女儿童医疗中心胃肠外科六病区共收治胆总管囊肿患儿498例,根据纳入标准对其中464例进行回顾性分析,将其中出现术后并发症的39例患儿作为并发症组,未发生并发症的425例患儿作为无并发症组。采用单因素分析术后并发症发生的影响因素,再通过多因素分析确定影响术后并发症发生的独立危险因素。结果所有患儿均顺利完成手术,464例患儿中,共39例(8.4%)出现术后并发症,其中Clavied-DindoⅠ级7例、Ⅱ级12例、Ⅲ级20例,无Ⅳ级和Ⅴ级并发症发生,以肠梗阻、胆漏和急性胰腺炎发生率较高;并发症组39例中,19例(48.7%)行保守治疗,20例(51.3%)再次手术后痊愈。并发症组与无并发症组在患儿的术时年龄、儿科营养不良评估筛查工具(screening tool for the assessment of malnutrition in pediatrics,STAMP)评分、囊肿感染史、囊肿远端结石/蛋白栓、手术时间及术后住院时间等方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,STAMP评分、囊肿感染史和手术时间是导致出现术后并发症的独立危险因素。结论儿童腹腔镜胆总管囊肿根治术后常见的并发症以Clavied-DindoⅡ、Ⅲ级为主,最常见的并发症为肠梗阻;STAMP评分、囊肿感染史、手术时间是导致出现术后并发症的独立危险因素。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62293481,No.62071058)。
文摘As a novel paradigm,semantic communication provides an effective solution for breaking through the future development dilemma of classical communication systems.However,it remains an unsolved problem of how to measure the information transmission capability for a given semantic communication method and subsequently compare it with the classical communication method.In this paper,we first present a review of the semantic communication system,including its system model and the two typical coding and transmission methods for its implementations.To address the unsolved issue of the information transmission capability measure for semantic communication methods,we propose a new universal performance measure called Information Conductivity.We provide the definition and the physical significance to state its effectiveness in representing the information transmission capabilities of the semantic communication systems and present elaborations including its measure methods,degrees of freedom,and progressive analysis.Experimental results in image transmission scenarios validate its practical applicability.
文摘目的分析儿童腹腔镜胆总管囊肿根治术后并发症的发生情况,并探讨其危险因素。方法2015年8月至2023年6月广州医科大学附属妇女儿童医疗中心胃肠外科六病区共收治胆总管囊肿患儿498例,根据纳入标准对其中464例进行回顾性分析,将其中出现术后并发症的39例患儿作为并发症组,未发生并发症的425例患儿作为无并发症组。采用单因素分析术后并发症发生的影响因素,再通过多因素分析确定影响术后并发症发生的独立危险因素。结果所有患儿均顺利完成手术,464例患儿中,共39例(8.4%)出现术后并发症,其中Clavied-DindoⅠ级7例、Ⅱ级12例、Ⅲ级20例,无Ⅳ级和Ⅴ级并发症发生,以肠梗阻、胆漏和急性胰腺炎发生率较高;并发症组39例中,19例(48.7%)行保守治疗,20例(51.3%)再次手术后痊愈。并发症组与无并发症组在患儿的术时年龄、儿科营养不良评估筛查工具(screening tool for the assessment of malnutrition in pediatrics,STAMP)评分、囊肿感染史、囊肿远端结石/蛋白栓、手术时间及术后住院时间等方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,STAMP评分、囊肿感染史和手术时间是导致出现术后并发症的独立危险因素。结论儿童腹腔镜胆总管囊肿根治术后常见的并发症以Clavied-DindoⅡ、Ⅲ级为主,最常见的并发症为肠梗阻;STAMP评分、囊肿感染史、手术时间是导致出现术后并发症的独立危险因素。
文摘目的探讨胆道闭锁(biliary atresia,BA)Kasai手术后未发生胆管炎患儿的近中期疗效及其影响因素。方法回顾性分析2016年11月至2022年10月在广州医科大学附属妇女儿童医疗中心行Kasai手术治疗后未发生胆管炎的Ⅲ型BA患儿临床资料。根据早期胆汁引流情况分为早期胆汁引流良好组(early bile drainage-good,EBD-G组,n=25)和早期胆汁引流不良组(early bile drainage-poor,EBD-P组,n=45),比较两组患儿一般资料、术前肝功能指标、肝纤维化程度及术后自体肝生存(native liver survival,NLS)率的差异。结果本研究共纳入符合纳排标准的患儿70例,男31例、女39例,术后6个月、1年、3年和5年NLS率分别为68.6%、51.4%、48.3%、48.3%。EBD-G组和EBD-P组术后6个月、1年、3年和5年NLS率分别为100%、95.8%、95.8%、95.8%和51.1%、26.7%、22.2%、22.2%;EBD-G组的NLS率较EBD-P组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。EBD-P组手术日龄[(69.60±14.82)d比(61.84±14.96)d]、体重和术前天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)水平大于或高于EBD-G组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。EBD-G组术前γ-谷氨酰转移酶(γ-glutamyl transferase,GGT)水平高于EBD-P组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论早期胆汁引流是Kasai手术后未发生胆管炎患儿NLS的重要影响因素,手术日龄、体重、术前AST和GGT水平与术后早期胆汁引流相关。
