Systemic therapy in gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)are the most common type of soft tissue sarcoma in the gastrointestinal tract.Most GISTs have been attributed to activated gain-of-function mutations in either KIT or platelet-derived growth factor receptorα,making these molecular features essential targets for therapeutic interventions.Although surgery is the standard treatment for localized GISTs,patients often experience relapse and disease progression even after surgery.In recent years,targeted therapy has significantly improved the prognosis of patients with advanced GISTs.Imatinib mesylate,a KIT inhibitor,is the first-line treatment for advanced GISTs and has revolutionized the treatment of this disease.However,drug resistance remains a major issue with imatinib treatment,as a significant majority of patients become resistant to imatinib either after initiation or after 2–3 years of treatment.Consequently,novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as sunitinib,regorafenib,ripretinib,and avapritinib have been introduced to address drug resistance.Immunotherapy has emerged as a potential approach for the treatment of advanced GISTs.This review comprehensively summarizes the pathogenesis of GISTs and the development of targeted therapies and immunotherapies,provides an overview of the emergence of drug resistance in advanced GISTs,and discusses the challenges and prospects associated with the treatment of GISTs.

Study of highly excited vibrational dynamics of HCP integrable system with dynamic potential methods

Highly excited vibrational dynamics of phosphaethyne(HCP)integrable system are investigated based on its dynamic potentials.Taking into consideration the 2:1 Fermi resonance between H–C–P bending vibrational mode and C–P stretching vibrational mode,it is found that the effects of H–C stretching vibrational mode on vibrational dynamic features of the HCP integrable system are significant and regularly vary with Polyad numbers(P number).The geometrical profiles of the dynamic potentials and the corresponding fixed points are sensitive to the variation of H–C stretching vibrational strength when P numbers are small,but are not sensitive when P numbers become larger and the corresponding threshold values become lower.The phase space trajectories of different energy levels in a designated dynamic potential(P=28)were studied and the results indicated that the dynamic potentials govern the various dynamic environments in which the vibrational states lie.Furthermore,action integrals of the energy levels contained in dynamic potential(P=28)were quantitatively analyzed and elucidated.It was determined that the dynamic environments could be identified by the numerical values of the action integrals of trajectories of phase space,which is equivalent with dynamic potentials.

论游戏教学法在对外汉语课堂中的应用——以新西兰惠灵顿地区四所小学为例

本文所讨论的游戏教学法指在对外汉语课堂中,教师针对特定的教学目标,选择适当的内容,采取有趣的形式,组织学生参与其中,使学生在游戏中达到学习语言及文化,并获得积极的情感体验的教学方法.本文通过对新西兰小学汉语课堂游戏的设计、实施及评估三个阶段的分析,探讨了游戏教学法的适用性及有效性.同时,通过案例分析了游戏教学法实施过程中出现的问题,提出了重视动作类游戏、利用电子网络丰富游戏内容、明确游戏设计与实施细则、运用创新游戏促进文化教学等应用策略.

A retargeting method for stereoscopic 3D video

We propose a disparity-constrained retargeting method for stereoscopic 3D video, which simultaneously resizes a binocular video to a new aspect ratio and remaps the depth to the perceptual comfort zone. First, we model distortion energies to prevent important video contents from deforming. Then, to maintain depth mapping stability, we model disparity variation energies to constraint the disparity range both in spatial and temporal domains. The last component of our method is a non-uniform, pixel-wise warp to the target resolution based on these energy models. Using this method, we can process the original stereoscopic video to generate new, high-perceptual-quality versions at different display resolutions. For evaluation, we conduct a user study; we also discuss the performance of our method.

Strategies of Collaboration in Multi-Swarm Peer-to-Peer Content Distribution

In modern Peer-to-Peer （P2P） content distribution applications, multiple swarms typically exist, each corresponding to the dissemination of one content among interested peers. A common design in the existing P2P applications is to allow peers in one swarm to help each other, while different swarms are only coupled when sharing the upload bandwidth at the dedicated content servers/publishers. In recent years, a number of proposals have emerged which advocate inter-swarm collaboration and resource sharing, where peers in one swarm may contribute their storage and bandwidth resources to help peers in the swarm of another content. Such inter-swarm collaboration can improve content availability and optimize resource uti- lization in the entire system, at the cost of additional overhead for content preloading and inter-swarm coor- dination. This paper presents a survey of studies on effective inter-swarm collaboration mechanisms in the existing literature. This paper first discusses strategies of collaboration in P2P file sharing applications, and then presents multi-channel collaborative design for P2P live and Video-on-Demand （VoD） streaming. In particular, this paper elaborates our recent design of collaboration strategies among multiple streaming channels in a P2P VoD system, and shows that the server cost can be reduced by up to 25% while high streaming qualities are guaranteed in the entire system, even during extreme scenarios such as unexpected flash crowds. This paper also discusses representative approaches to implement inter-swarm collaborations in various P2P content distribution systems.

N-9 Alkylation of purines via light-promoted and metal-free radical relay

A metal-free and light-promoted approach to the synthesis of N-9 alkylated purine nucleoside derivatives, via a CF3 radical triggered radical relay pathway, has been developed. Purine nucleoside derivatives were prepared regioselectively in good to high yields. Photosensitizers and metals are free in this transformation. Visible light or even sunlight can be used as the source of light for the reactions.

Proteomics profiling of colorectal cancer progression identifies PLOD2 as a potential therapeutic target

Dear editors,Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in developed countries[1].The malignant transformation from small clumps to cancer takes about 10 years[2].This study aimed to characterize proteomic dynamics associated with CRC development and progres-sion,and identify novel therapeutic targets for intercepting the underlying oncogenic processes.We have optimized pressure cycling technology(PCT)coupled with data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry(DIA-MS)for robust and reproducible proteomic analysis of biopsy-level formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded(FFPE)tissues[3].

预制冷站技术在数据中心的应用研究

我国数据中心建设近年来蓬勃发展,如何快速、高效、高质量建设数据中心成为了目前亟待解决的问题,衣文针对两种预制冷站形式进行方案介绍,分别对其在&据中心应用中的特点、工期、经济性、施工工艺等问题进行研究分析,最后给出了两种冷站的应用建议。