Tribological performance under different environments of Ti-C-N composite films for marine wear-resistant parts

The need for reducing the wear in mechanical parts used in the industry makes self-lubricant films one of the sustainable solutions to achieve long-term protection under different environmental conditions.The purpose of this work is to study the influence of C additions on the tribological behavior of a magnetron-sputtered TiN film in air,water,and seawater.The results show that the addition of C into the TiN binary film induced a new amorphous phase,and the films exhibited a dual phase of fcc(face-centered cubic)-TiN and amorphous carbon.The antifriction and wear-resistance properties were enhanced in air and water by adding 19.1at%C.However,a further increase in the C concentration improved anti-frictional properties but also led to higher wear rates.Although the amorphous phase induced microbatteries and accelerated the corrosion of TiN phases in seawater,the negative abrasion state was detected for all Ti-C-N films due to the adhesion of the tribocorrosion debris on the wear track.

Influence of process parameters and aging treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al Si8Mg3 alloy fabricated by selective laser melting

Many studies have investigated the selective laser melting(SLM)of AlSi10Mg and AlSi7Mg alloys,but there are still lack of researches focused on Al-Si-Mg alloys specifically tailored for SLM.In this work,a novel high Mg-content AlSi8Mg3 alloy was specifically designed for SLM.The results showed that this new alloy exhibited excellent SLM processability with a lowest porosity of 0.07%.Massive lattice distortion led to a high Vickers hardness in samples fabricated at a high laser power due to the precipitation of Mg_(2)Si nanoparticles from theα-Al matrix induced by high-intensity intrinsic heat treatment during SLM.The maximum microhardness and compressive yield strength of the alloy reached HV(211±4)and(526±12)MPa,respectively.After aging treatment at 150℃,the maximum microhardness and compressive yield strength of the samples were further improved to HV(221±4)and(577±5)MPa,respectively.These values are higher than those of most known aluminum alloys fabricated by SLM.This paper provides a new idea for optimizing the mechanical properties of Al-Si-Mg alloys fabricated using SLM.

改良式电刀笔在整形外科手术中的应用

目的探讨改良式电刀笔的设计及临床应用效果。方法选取2018年9月-2019年6月在广东省中山市小榄人民医院行整形手术患者80例,随机分为对照组和观察组,各40例。观察组采用改良式电刀笔,对照组采用普通电刀笔。结果观察组手术所需时间、意外烫伤次数减少、医护人员满意度提高。结论对整形手术患者应用改良式电刀笔能提高手术效率,使手术操作更顺利、安全,大大缩短术程,减轻患者痛苦。

Fetal bovine serum versus Chinese herbal formula Naoluoxintong serum supplementation for proliferation and differentiation of rat embryonic neural stem cells

BACKGROUND： How to induce endogenous neural stem cells （NSCs） to differentiate into needed neural cell types is a hot spot of current researches. OBJECTIVE： To compare differences between fetal bovine serum and Chinese herbal formula Naoluoxintong serum supplementation for inducing proliferation and differentiation in rat embryonic NSCs. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： An in vitro, serum pharmacology, comparative, observation study was performed from March to September in 2008 at the Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, College of Life Science in University of Science and Technology of China, the Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Acupuncture Foundation and Technology in Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R ＆ D of Chinese Medicine, and at the Level 3 Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. MATERIALS： The Chinese herbal formula Naoluoxintong was produced by Radix Astragali, Radix Notoginseng, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Scolopendra at Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Mouse anti-rat nestin, gliat fibrillary acidic protein, and galactocerebroside monoclonal antibodies, as well as rabbit anti-neuron-specific enolase polyclonal antibody were produced by Chemicon, Billerica, MA, USA. METHODS： Wistar rats aged 3 months were intragastrically infused with Naoluoxintong. Wistar rat embryonic NSCs （passage 8） were induced to proliferate and differentiate using 10% fetal bovine serum, 10% Naoluoxintong serum, and 10% rat serum. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Phenotypic changes in cultured cells were detected using phase contrast microscopy, and cell proliferation and differentiation were observed using immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS： Proliferation and differentiation of embryonic NSCs was induced by three different types of blood serum. Although the differentiation time course with Nao/uoxintongserum was later than with the other two methods, the differentiated cells were morphologically similar to mature neurons to a greater extent. CONCLUSION： Nao/uoxintong serum supplementation induced differentiation of NSCs into neuronal-like cells and stimulated neuronal maturation.

改良留置导尿方法在麻醉后剖宫产手术患者的效果观察

目的探讨改良留置导尿方法在麻醉后剖宫产手术患者的临床应用效果。方法将剖宫产择期手术患者140例,按照手术日分为观察组与对照组,各70例。对照组麻醉后按《临床护理技术规范》基础篇第二版导尿术进行操作,观察组麻醉后使用改良留置导尿方法。记录两组导尿操作时间、消毒后会阴部菌落数和尿液检测的无症状菌尿阳性率、血尿发生率。结果观察组导尿操作时间、消毒后会阴部菌落数明显少于对照组(P<0.05);观察组的无症状菌尿阳性3例、血尿7例,对照组的无症状菌尿阳性10例、血尿19例(P<0.05)。结论改良留置导尿法在麻醉后剖宫产手术中操作时间短,消毒有效,减少泌尿道感染和血尿发生,值得临床推广应用。

Nervous function and manifestations of mental psychology in patients with post-stroke depression of different syndrome types of traditional Chinese medicine

BACKGROUND： Poly-criteria pathogenesis of patients with stroke causes diversity of syndrome types of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）; meanwhile, complexity and diversity of pathological mechanism also play a key role in determining severity so as to induce effects on nervous function and manifestation of mental psychology in patients with post-stroke depression （PSD）. OBJECTIVE： To analyze the syndrome types of TCM with nervous function and manifestations of mental psychology in PSD patients so as to provide evidence for the treatment based on the syndrome differentiation. DESIGN： Contrast observation. SETTING： Departments of Neurology and Traditional Chinese Medicine, General Hospital of Fuxin Mining Industry Group. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 469 outpatients or inpatients with stroke were selected from the Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Fuxin Mining Industry Group from April 2002 to July 2005. All subjects met the diagnostic criteria of stroke established by the Fourth National Cerebrovascular Disease Academic Meeting in 1995 and were finally diagnosed with CT and MRI. Totally, 177 PSD patients were involved in the final analysis and provided the confirmed consent. There were 121 males and 56 females aged from 46 to 79 years. METHODS： （1） All the enrolled subjects were diagnosed for syndrome differentiation by senior TCM physicians within 1 week before discharge based on Diagnostics of Traditional Chinese Medicine, which was classified into 5 types, including sputum-stasis stagnation syndrome, qi stagnation and blood stasis, kidney-essence deficiency, deficiency of the spleen and stomach and phlegm-fire disturbing the heart. In addition, they were also assessed by neurologic deficit scale （NDS; 45 points in total; the higher the scores were, the severer the deficit was）, Fugl-Meyer assessment, （FMA; 100 points in total, including 66 points of upper limbs and 34 points of lower limbs; the higher the scores were, the stronger the motor function was）, modified Barthel index [BI; 100 points in total; the higher the scores were, the better the activity of daily life （ADL） was], symptom checklist-90 （SCL-90; including total scores, positive scores, mean and average scores of positive items）, Hamilton depression rating scale （HAMD） and Hamilton anxiety rating scale （HAMA, the higher the scores were, the severer the degree was）. （2） Patients were divided into one symptom type, two symptom types and ≥ 3 symptom types; meanwhile, they were also divided into deficiency symptom, excess symptom and deficiency-excess symptom. Scores among various groups were compared simultaneously. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Comparison of nervous function and mental psychology of PSD patients with various symptoms. RESULTS： （1） Differences of various symptoms： Among 177 patients, there were 43 subjects in the types of sputum-stasis stagnation, 64 in qi stagnation and blood stasis, 21 in kidney-essence deficiency, 33 in deficiency of the spleen and stomach, and 16 in phlegm-fire disturbing the heart. In the comparison of the scores of nervous function and psychological tests among different syndrome types, the scores of most motor functions of upper and lower limbs, total scores of FMA and ADL in PSD patients of sputum-stasis stagnation, qi stagnation and blood stasis, kidney-essence deficiency were obviously lower than those of the total samples and PSD patients of deficiency of the spleen and stomach and phlegm-fire disturbing the heart, whereas the total scores of NDS, HAMD, HAMA, SCL-90 and SCL-90 positive items, average number of SCL-90 positive items and average score of SCL-90 positive items in the former three groups were all obviously higher than those in the latter three groups （P 〈 0.05 - 0.01）. （2） Different number of syndrome types： In the comparison of the scores of nervous function and psychological tests among the PSD patients with different number of syndrome types, the scores of most motor functions of upper and lower limbs, total scores of FMA and ADL in PSD patients with one or two syndrome types were obviously higher than those of the total samples and the PSD patients with three or more syndrome types, whereas the total scores of NDS, HAMD, HAMA, SCL-90 and SCL-90 positive items, average number of SCL-90 positive items and average score of SCL-90 positive items were all obviously lower in the former two than in the latter two （P 〈 0.05 - 0.01）. （3） There were no obvious differences in the scores of most items of nervous function and psychological tests among the PSD patients of deficiency syndrome, excess syndrome and the deficiency-excess syndrome （P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： The damages of nervous function and mental psychology are more serious in PSD patients with the syndrome types of sputum-stasis stagnation, qi stagnation and blood stasis, kidney-essence deficiency, as well as those with several （three or more） syndrome types, and the conditions may be improved by the treatment based on TCM syndrome differentiation.

Erratum to:Influence of process parameters and aging treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AlSi8Mg3 alloy fabricated by selective laser melting

Erratum to:International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and MaterialsVolume 29, Number 9, September 2022, Page 1770https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-021-2287-1The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake due to the PDF file conversion through different softwares. The presentation of Fig. 13 in original version was incorrect.

Determination of Kaempferol Content in 10 Batches of Different Production Areas of Yao Medicine Lysimachia foenum-graecum Hance

[Objectives]To determine the kaempferol content in Yao medicine Lysimachia foenum-graecum Hance.[Methods]The high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method was used.The chromatographic column:Inertsil ODS-3 C18 column(4.60 mm×250 mm,5μm);mobile phase:acetonitrile-0.1%glacial acetic acid;flow rate:1.0 mL/min;column temperature:30℃;detection wavelength:360 nm;sample injection volume:10μL.[Results]The kaempferol content in Yao medicine L.foenum-graecum was determined,Y=20652X-151098(R=0.9997)shows a good linear relationship within the linear range of 9.80-156.8μg/mL.[Conclusions]The high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)method was established for determining the kaempferol content in Yao medicine L.foenum-graecum.This method is expected to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of quality control methods for L.foenum-graecum.

Influence of modified biochar supported sulfidation of nano-zero-valent-iron(S-nZVI/BC) on nitrate removal and greenhouse gas emission in constructed wetland

In this study,the biochar (BC) produced from sawdust,sludge,reed and walnut were used to support sulfidation of nano-zero-valent-iron (S-nZVI) to enhance nitrate NO_(3)^(-) removal and investigate the impact on greenhouse gas emissions.Batch experiment results showed the S-nZVI/BC(sawdust (2:1,500)),S-n ZVI/BC(sludge (2:1,900)),S-n ZVI/BC(reed (2:1,700)),and S-n ZVI/BC(walnut (2:1,700))respectively improved NO_(3)^(-) removal efficiencies by 22%,20%,3%and0.1%,and the selectivity toward N_(2)by 22%,25%,22%and 18%.S-nZVI uniformly loaded on BC provided electrons for the conversion of NO_(3)^(-) to N_(2)through Fe0.At the same time,FeSxlayer was formed on the outer layer of ZVI in the sulfidation process to prevent iron oxidation,so as to improve the electrons utilization efficiency After adding four kinds of S-nZVI/BC into constructed wetlands (CWs),the NO_(3)^(-) removal efficiencies could reach 100%and the N_(2)O emission fluxes were reduced by 24.17%-36.63%.And the average removal efficiencies of TN,COD,TP were increased by 21.9%,-16.5%,44.3%,repectively.The increasing relative abundances of denitrifying bacteria,such as Comamonas and Simplicispira,suggested that S-nZVI/BC could also improve the process of microbial denitrification.In addition,different S-nZVI/BC had different effects on denitrification functional genes (narG,nirk,nirS and nos Z genes),methanotrophs (pmoA) and methanogenesis (mcrA).This research provided an effective method to improve NO_(3)^(-) removal and reduce N_(2)O emission in CWs.

Preparation and Properties of Superhydrophobic ZnO Nanorod-based Nanocomposite on the Surface of Stainless Steel Mesh

Bionic superhydrophobic coating has extremely broad application prospects and practical value. It is based on two important conditions, one is the construction of micro–nano structure, the other is the material with low surface energy. How to stabilize the micro–nano structure has become the focus of researches. In this work, a layer of Zn film is deposited on the stainless steel mesh with sturdy micron structure by RF magnetron sputtering. The solid micron structure of the stainless steel mesh itself, combined with the method of thermal oxidation, the surface of the stainless steel mesh is thus formed into a nanorod like ZnO nano structure, and then modified with perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (PFDS) for low surface energy. The maximum contact angle of the superhydrophobic sample is 154.8°, and the minimum sliding angle is 2°, and it also has excellent corrosion resistance, thermal stability, self-cleaning, anti-aging and anti-icing properties, which provides a design idea for the preparation of superhydrophobic coatings.

Robust Polystyrene/Fluorinated Silica Superhydrophobic Composite Coatings with Rapid Curing at Room Temperature Prepared by One-Step Spraying

Superhydrophobic materials are severely limited in their applications due to their weak mechanical properties and complex preparation process.In this paper,polystyrene/fluorinated silica(PS/SiO_(2))superhydrophobic composite coatings were prepared on the surface of 304 stainless steel using a simple one-step spraying method.The effects of different PS contents on the wettability as well as the wear properties of the samples were investigated.SiO_(2) was encapsulated in polystyrene to form a structure similar to cement encapsulated stones.With the addition of PS,a mound-like structure was formed on the sample surface,and a more optimized micro–nano structure was obtained when the content of PS was 0.6 g.At this time,the sample exhibited excellent wettability with a contact angle of 157.86°and a sliding angle of 0.84°.In addition,the contact angle of 151.09°was achieved after 180 cm of friction under a 100 g load and the composite coating prepared by this method also has excellent chemical stability,water impact resistance,corrosion resistance,and self-cleaning properties.This opens up new possibilities for the development of simple and robust superhydrophobic materials.

Enhanced figure of merit for famatinite Cu_(3)SbSe_(4)via band structure tuning and hierarchical architecture

The p-type Te-free Cu_(3)SbSe_(4)with famatinite structure is a potential candidate for thermoelectric materials due to the low cost and eco-friendly constituent elements.However,its strong bipolar effect and high lattice thermal conductivity(klat)are the main challenges for its performance enhancement.Herein,we report a new strategy to enhance its figure of merit zT~0.86 at 673 K for Cu_(3)Sb_(0.95)Fe_(0.05)Se_(2.8)S_(1.2)via band structure tuning and hierarchical architecture.Firstly,S substituted Se atoms in lattice can widen the band gap to alleviate the bipolar effect.Secondly,Fe doping in Sb site significantly increases the density of states,thus increasing the carrier effective mass,and obtaining a remarkably high Seebeck coefficient of~560 mV/K at 300 K.Moreover,the induced hierarchical architecture defects resulting in a minimum klat of~0.48 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)at 673 K.Consequently,the improved Seebeck coefficient combined with low thermal conductivity leads to an enhanced zT.

Diagnosis-related Groups (DRG) pricing and payment policy in China: where are we?

Diagnosis-related Groups(DRG)is an internationally recognized advanced hospital management method.It was pioneered by Yale University in the late 1960s and has been used as the inpatient prospective payment system by the U.S.Medicare program since 1983(1,2).It has since been introduced in Australia,Germany,France,the UK,Japan,South Korea,and Scandinavia.It is widely used in the fields of pricing and payment,budget allocation,performance evaluation,and comparison(2).As a refined hospital management tool,DRG combined with the corresponding payment mechanism can effectively meet the requirements of health expenditure control,hospital management,and health insurance management(3).DRG is also crucial for promoting the shift of payment methods from retrospective payment to prospective payment and for improving the performance management of the healthcare system.

一种检测kras基因突变的新型TB-ARMS qPCR方法的建立

在荧光定量PCR基础上建立一种简单有效并且高度灵敏的TB-ARMSkras基因突变检测方法,并对其检测性能进行评估,探讨其临床应用价值。针对kras基因8种常见的点突变类型,通过设计并优化突变特异性引物、野生型特异性封闭引物并综合应用突变富集扩增反应条件等多种手段,提高点突变检测的灵敏度和特异性,采用已知野生型基因组样品和构建的突变质粒作为标准品,进行方法学评价;通过对临床样本的检测及与现有商品化试剂盒的比较进行性能验证;通过对术前血浆和配对组织样品的对比检测,评估方法是否适用于血液样本的检测。建立了TB-ARMS kras突变检测的新方法,能检测的最低突变率可达到0.01%。通过综合采用野生型特异性封闭引物和突变富集扩增条件等方法证明了其0.01%的突变检测灵敏度。检测准确性优于现有商品化试剂盒,血浆DNA TB-ARMS qPCR检测结果与配对组织DNA测序结果相符合。因此,TB-ARMS kras基因突变检测方法具有广泛的临床应用价值,既适用于临床组织样品的检测,也可应用于液体活检。

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor reduces cell apoptosis via upregulating HSP70 in SHSY-5Y cells

Background:Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor(MANF)is a new candidate growth factor for dopaminergic neurons against endoplasmic reticulum stress(ER stress).HSP70 family,a chaperon like heat shock protein family,was proved to be involved in the MANF induced survival pathway in 6-OHDA treated SHSY-5Y cells.However,the ER stress relative transcriptome,in MANF signaling cascades is still investigated.The involvement of HSP70,a 70kd member of HSP70 family,need further to be verified.Methods:The cell apoptosis was assayed by MTT,TUNEL staining and western blot of cleaved Caspase-3.The differentially expressed genes in SHSY-5Y cells under different conditions(control,6-OHDA,6-OHDA+MANF)were investigated by RNA-seq.Expression of HSP70 was further confirmed by real-time PCR.RNAi knockdown for HSP70 was performed to investigate the role of HSP70 in the MANF signaling pathway.Results:MANF inhibits 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis in SHSY-5Y cells.Six ER stress relative genes(HSP70,GRP78,xbp-1,ATF-4,ATF-6,MAPK)were found enriched in 6-OHDA+MANF treatment group.HSP70 was the most significantly up-regulated gene under 6-OHDA+MANF treatment in SHSY-5Y cells.RNAi knockdown for HSP70 inhibits the protective effects of MANF against 6-OHDA toxicity in SHSY-5Y cells.Conclusion:MANF exerts a protective role against 6-OHDA induced apoptosis in SHSY-5Y cells via up-regulating some ER stress genes,including HSP70 family members.The HSP70 expression level plays a key role in MANFmediated survival pathway.

某型军用运输机机组氧气系统供氧防护性能的低压舱生理试验评价

目的评价某型军用运输机机组氧气系统供氧防护性能,为产品设计定型提供生理试验依据。方法4具假人和4名健康志愿者配戴个体防护装备,使用某型军用运输机机组氧气系统,先后在低压舱内完成4项试验,包括氧气系统供氧性能物理试验、氧气系统迅速减压物理试验、6 h巡航高度供氧生理试验和12.0 km高空迅速减压生理试验。测试面罩内的氧气浓度、呼吸阻力、安全余压、迅速减压峰值面罩压、作用时间和稳压值等物理参数;监测志愿者心电图和血氧饱和度等生理参数。结果假人肺通气量为20 L/min时,该型军用运输机机组氧气系统在12.0 km以下提供的供氧分压≥19.1 kPa,安全余压接通前系统呼气阻力≤441.3 Pa,吸气阻力≤490.3 Pa。假人肺容积为1.0 L时,系统的迅速减压峰值≤5.8 kPa。6 h巡航飞行时,氧气系统为志愿者提供的供氧氧分压均≥21.9 kPa。4名志愿者均完成12.0 km高空迅速减压生理试验,主客观反应良好。结论该型军用运输机机组氧气系统防护性能可以满足地面至12.0 km高度供氧防护要求。

飞行员15.0 km以下高空供氧防护简化方案研究

目的提出飞行员15.0 km以下高空供氧防护简化方案,并通过试验评价其防护性能。方法调整YX-5氧气系统参数,降低其供氧总压并关闭大流量供氧机构,同时取消代偿服。采用假人与4名志愿者先后在低压舱完成5项试验:①地面~10.0 km高度普通供氧性能试验;②地面~10.0 km高度纯氧模式供氧性能试验;③13.0、15.0、16.0 km高空加压供氧性能试验;④加压供氧接通冲击试验;⑤15.0 km高空加压供氧人体生理试验。结果正常供氧模式下,调整型YX-5氧气系统在12.0 km高度以下供氧分压>21.0 kPa。高空加压供氧时,在12.0~15.0 km高度供氧分压>15.8 kPa。调整型YX-5氧气系统吸气阻力<0.34 kPa(假人肺通气量20 L/min)。调整型YX-5氧气系统不接代偿服的条件下,加压接通时面罩内压力冲击峰值为1.25 kPa。4名志愿者完成了15.0 km高空加压供氧人体生理试验,验证了该方案的防护性能,试验后无不良生理反应。结论15.0 km以下高空供氧防护简化方案,可以满足地面~15.0 km高度飞行员无代偿供氧防护要求。