Advances in the Application of Fondaparinux in Acute Coronary Syndrome

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is one of the major causes of death worldwide, including unstable angina, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and NST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. ACS refers to a series of life-threatening heart diseases, which is caused by rupturing coronary plaque and releasing thrombin activation. Then thrombin is activated and generates plaque and thrombosis, which increases the risk of cardiac death and myocardial infarction. Aggressive and conservative treatment is available in clinic practice. Anticoagulant therapy is usually the first choice for conservative treatment and used in combination with dual antiplatelet drugs, which plays an important role in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome. Fondaparinux as a commonly used anticoagulant drug is both antithrombotic effectively and can reduce the risk of bleeding and coronary microvascular dysfunction in the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease. However, it increased the rate of bleeding. People pay more attention to the role of long-term prognosis. Domestic and foreign researches contrast outcomes of acute coronary syndrome of fondaparinux and low molecular weight heparin.

Preparation of mesoporous activated carbons from coal liquefaction residue for methane decomposition

Mesoporous activated carbons were prepared from direct coal liquefaction residue （CLR） by KOH activation method, and the experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of KOH/CLR ratio, solvent for mixing the CLR and KOH, and carbonization procedure on the resultant carbon texture and catalytic activity for catalytic methane decomposition （CMD）. The results showed that optimal KOH/CLR ratio of 2 ： 1; solvent with higher solubility to KOH or the CLR, and an appropriate carbonization procedure are conductive to improving the carbon pore structure and catalytic activity for CMD. The resultant mesoporous carbons show higher and more stable activity than microporous carbons. Additionally, the relationship between the carbon textural properties and the catalytic activity for CMD was also discussed.

Adsorption separation performance of H_2/CH_4 on ETS-4 by concentration pulse chromatography

To exploit an effective adsorbent to separate hydrogen and methane, microporous titanium silicate molecular sieve NaETS-4 was synthesized and modified by strontium. The adsorption characteristics and diffusion behaviors of the prepared titanosilicate molecular sieve were studied by concentration pulse chromatography. And the effects of ion-exchange and dehydration temperature on adsorbent structure and gas diffusion were also discussed. The results showed that the thermal stability and Henry＇s Law constants were enhanced and micropore diffusivity decreased after exchanging Na＋ with Sr2＋. With the increase of dehydration temperature, Henry＇s Law constant and micropore diffusivity of CI-I4 decreased in both NaETS-4 and SrETS-4. While for 1-12 in SrETS-4, the increase of Henry＇s Law constant and the decrease of diffusion rate can be attributed to the shrinks of pore diameter resulting from the relocation of Sr2＋. Correspondingly, the kinetic selectivity of H2/CH4 reached 8.91 indicating its potentiality in separating H2 and CH4.

Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution-based comprehensive health assessment of composite insulators for overhead transmission lines

There are a lot of quantitative performance characterisation methods for composite insulators.However,how to apply the characterisation methods with different dimensions to comprehensively assess the health state of composite insulators remains a big problem for operators and researchers.A comprehensive health assessment model for composite insulators based on the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)method is proposed in this study.Fourteen composite insulators from four regions in Yunnan Province,China,and five quantitative characterisation indicators of the insulators,namely hardness,hydrophobicity,loss of hydrophobicity,recovery of hydrophobicity,and trap charge,are selected to verify the model.The results show that the Pearson correlation coefficient of the TOPSIS-based comprehensive health score with operating time is 0.72,which is better than the other single indicator.By introducing the operating time into the TOPSIS-based model,we can also obtain the ageing resistance performance of the composite insulator.This work provides a new idea to assess the health state and ageing performance of composite insulators.

以肠道症状首发的系统性红斑狼疮的预测因素分析

目的分析以肠道症状为首发表现的系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)的预测因素,为该疾病的诊断与鉴别诊断提供依据。方法回顾性分析2013年1月至2020年6月郑州大学第一附属医院诊治的165例SLE患者的临床资料,根据肠道症状是否为首发表现分为肠道症状首发组(50例)和肠道症状非首发组(115例)。比较分析两组患者的基线资料、影像学表现、各脏器受累情况和实验室检查指标等。统计学方法采用独立样本t检验、非参数检验和卡方检验。采用logistic回归分析建立以肠道症状首发的SLE的预测模型,使用受试者操作特征曲线(ROC)、Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验评价模型的预测价值。收集2020年7月至2021年5月于郑州大学第一附属医院诊治的72例SLE患者资料,肠道症状首发组22例,肠道症状非首发组50例,验证模型的预测能力。结果与肠道症状非首发组相比,肠道症状首发组发热、肌肉受累、关节受累的患者占比均较低,多浆膜腔积液、腹水、肠管水肿扩张或增厚、肾盂输尿管积水或扩张、肾脏受累、血液系统受累的患者占比均较高,患者的补体C3水平、补体C4水平、淋巴细胞绝对值、白蛋白水平均较低[67.8%(78/115)比32.0%(16/50)、24.3%(28/115)比4.0%(2/50)、68.7%(79/115)比14.0%(7/50)、27.8%(32/115)比86.0%(43/50)、16.5%(19/115)比78.0%(39/50)、13.9%(16/115)比86.0%(43/50)、4.3%(5/115)比62.0%(31/50)、29.6%(34/115)比48.0%(24/50)、30.4%(35/115)比52.0%(26/50)、0.76 g/L(0.43 g/L,0.97 g/L)比0.48 g/L(0.40 g/L,0.57 g/L)、0.14 g/L(0.08 g/L,0.23 g/L)比0.09 g/L(0.06 g/L,0.15 g/L)、0.90×109/L(0.51×109/L,1.28×109/L)比0.64×109/L(0.44×109/L,1.08×109/L)、(34.07±7.30)g/L比(28.77±5.43)g/L],差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.246、9.699、41.776、47.567、57.781、78.833、67.903、5.195、6.955,Z=-4.053、-3.295、-2.204,t=-4.606;P均<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,低补体C3、低白蛋白是以肠道症状首发的SLE的危险因素[比值比(95%可信区间)分别为0.136(0.031~0.590)、0.923(0.871~0.977),P=0.008、0.006]。建立的以肠道症状首发的SLE的预测模型为p=1/(1+e-Y),其中Y=2.906-1.994×补体C3(g/L)-0.08×白蛋白(g/L),ROC的曲线下面积为0.761(95%可信区间0.687~0.834,P<0.01),Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验结果说明模型具有较好的校准能力(χ^(2)=13.024,P=0.111)。验证结果显示,p≥0.255时预测为以肠道症状首发的SLE,模型预测的灵敏度为72.7%(16/22),特异度为76.0%(38/50),准确度为75.0%(54/72)。结论以肠道症状首发的SLE症状隐匿,易被误诊。临床上对以肠道症状为首发表现就诊的患者,若影像学检查示肠管水肿扩张或增厚、肾盂输尿管积水或扩张,或实验室检查示低补体C3、低白蛋白时,要警惕SLE可能,早期诊断和干预可很大程度改善患者预后。

Vertical distribution of aerosol optical properties based on aircraft measurements over the Loess Plateau in China

Vertical distributions of aerosol optical properties based on aircraft measurements over the Loess Plateau were measured for the first time during a summertime aircraft campaign, 2013 in Shanxi, China. Data from four flights were analyzed. The vertical distributions of aerosol optical properties including aerosol scattering coefficients（σsc）, absorption coefficients（σab）,Angstr？m exponent（α）, single scattering albedo（ω）, backscattering ratio（βsc）, aerosol mass scattering proficiency（Q sc） and aerosol surface scattering proficiency（Q sc′） were obtained. The mean statistical values of σsc were 77.45 Mm-1（at 450 nm）, 50.72 Mm-1（at 550 nm）, and32.02 Mm-1（at 700 nm）. The mean value of σab was 7.62 Mm-1（at 550 nm）. The mean values ofα, βsc and ω were 1.93, 0.15, and 0.91, respectively. Aerosol concentration decreased with altitude. Most effective diameters（ED） of aerosols were less than 0.8 μm. The vertical profiles of σsc,, α, βsc, Q sc and Q sc′ showed that the aerosol scattering properties at lower levels contributed the most to the total aerosol radiative forcing. Both α and βsc had relatively large values, suggesting that most aerosols in the observational region were small particles. The mean values of σsc, α, βsc, Q sc, Q sc′, σab and ω at different height ranges showed that most of the parameters decreased with altitude. The forty-eight hour backward trajectories of air masses during the observation days indicated that the majority of aerosols in the lower level contributed the most to the total aerosol loading, and most of these particles originated from local or regional pollution emissions.

Classification of partial discharge severities of ceramic insulators based on texture analysis of UV pulses

Inspection of partial discharge before contamination flashover is of great importance for preventing exterior insulation accidents.In this study,a new method for identification of discharge severities is proposed.Specifically,a low‐cost ultraviolet(UV)sensor detection system was combined with time-frequency method,texture analysis and support vector machine(SVM)classifier to classify partial discharge severities for ceramic insulators.The visible images and the root‐mean‐square value of leakage currents detected simulta-neously are used to classify the UV signals into different discharge faults.The frequency and amplitude integration of UV pulses are minimum in corona discharge and larger in arc discharge.The images of UV signal spectrograms differ significantly at different discharge stages.The density and brightness of image textures are minimal in corona discharge and larger in arc discharge.Valid and reliable features selected by two texture feature extraction methods with SVM classifier have a reliable classification accuracy of 90.6%for ceramic insulators,and outperform a single time feature or other texture features.SVM outperforms k‐Nearest Neighbour,Naive Bayes and Decision Tree.Our new method with computational effectiveness and high practicality can solve the problem of high randomness and low accuracy of UV sensor detection.It can be further applied to the deterioration diagnosis of power facilities.

Preparation of bimetallic catalysts Ni-Co and Ni-Fe supported on activated carbon for methane decomposition

Bimetallic catalysts(Ni-Co/AC and Ni-Fe/AC)supported on activated carbon(AC)were prepared via one-step method from coal as AC precursor with the addition of metal salts by KOH activation.The effects of the introduction of second metal(Co or Fe)into Ni/AC on the textural structure of the resultant bimetallic catalysts and their catalytic performances for methane decomposition were investigated.The results showed that active metals can be directly supported on AC by the reaction of metal species with carbon during the activation.The addition of Co or Fe to Ni/AC resulted in the decrease of specific surface area and pore volume.With increasing the loading of Co or Fe,metal alloys were formed and total surface area and pore volume declined,but the mesoporosity was increased.Bimetallic Ni-Co/AC and Ni-Fe/AC catalysts exhibited better catalytic activity and stability for methane decomposition compared than Ni/AC.The introduction of Co mainly improved initial catalytic activity;however,Ni-Fe/AC catalyst showed better behaviors in terms of reducing the deactivation rate of Ni-based catalyst than Ni-Co/AC catalyst,which is relative with the formation of Ni-Fe alloy and carbon fibers over Ni-Fe/AC.This work provides a simple and efficient approach to improve catalytic performances of Ni-based catalyst for methane decomposition.