High-quality ghost imaging based on undersampled natural-order Hadamard source

Improving the speed of ghost imaging is one of the main ways to leverage its advantages in sensitivity and imperfect spectral regions for practical applications.Because of the proportional relationship between image resolution and measurement time,when the image pixels are large,the measurement time increases,making it difficult to achieve real-time imaging.Therefore,a high-quality ghost imaging method based on undersampled natural-order Hadamard is proposed.This method uses the characteristics of the Hadamard matrix under undersampling conditions where image information can be fully obtained but overlaps,as well as deep learning to extract aliasing information from the overlapping results to obtain the true original image information.We conducted numerical simulations and experimental tests on binary and grayscale objects under undersampling conditions to demonstrate the effectiveness and scalability of this method.This method can significantly reduce the number of measurements required to obtain high-quality image information and advance application promotion.

A Study on the Correlation of Body Mass Management During Pregnancy with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Labor Progression

Objective:To investigate the effects of body mass management during pregnancy on adverse pregnancy outcomes,duration of labor,and neonatal birth weight.Methods:472 pregnant women who visited Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January to December 2023 were selected,and the pregnant women were divided into 236 each in the observation group and the control group.Body mass of pregnant women was measured and BMI was calculated in early and late pregnancy respectively,and the pregnant women in the control group were guided by routine management,while the observation group was guided by body mass management during pregnancy.The growth of maternal body mass,mode of delivery,postpartum hemorrhage,neonatal score,neonatal blood glucose at birth,and umbilical artery blood,as well as the comparison of the duration of labor,were observed.Results:The observation group was significantly better than the control group in terms of mode of delivery,postpartum hemorrhage,and body mass growth,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05),and there was no statistical significance in terms of neonatal scores,neonatal blood glucose at birth,and umbilical artery blood(P>0.05);the time of the first stage of labor and the time of the second stage of labor of the mothers in the observation group was significantly better than that of the control group,with statistical differences(P<0.05),and the time of the third stage of labor of the mothers in the observation group was statistically better than that of the control group.There was no statistically significant difference between the time of the third stage of labor in the observation group and the control group(P>0.05),and the time of the total stage of labor in the observation group was statistically better than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Body mass management during pregnancy can effectively improve maternal control of weight gain,reduce labor time,and decrease the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Study on the Construction and Evaluation System of Clinical Midwifery Teaching Faculty under the New Nursing Model

Objective:To explore the impact of the construction of a clinical midwifery teaching faculty and the development of an evaluation system under the new nursing model on the current teaching quality.Methods:From July 2022 to March 2023,10 clinical teaching teachers and 20 midwifery interns from Beijing Anzhen Hospital affiliated with Capital Medical University were selected as the subjects of this study.The clinical teaching teachers and midwifery interns were divided into an observation group and a control group,with each group including 5 clinical teaching teachers and 10 midwifery interns.The observation group received daily management and evaluation under the new nursing model,while the control group received management and evaluation under the traditional nursing model.The teaching quality evaluation of clinical midwifery teaching teachers by midwifery interns,the exit exam scores of midwifery interns,and the scores of clinical teaching teachers’internship lectures and teaching rounds were compared between the two groups.Results:In the observation group,the scores for teaching attitude,teaching skills,and teaching management in the teaching quality evaluation of clinical midwifery teaching teachers were higher than those in the control group.The professional theory scores(91.28±3.64)and overall nursing comprehensive scores(92.56±4.38)of midwifery interns in the observation group were higher than those of midwifery interns in the control group(81.58±2.27 and 80.29±3.33,respectively).The scores for internship lectures(89.32±4.15)and teaching rounds(90.64±5.52)in the observation group were also significantly higher than those in the control group(80.46±3.28 and 81.24±4.38,respectively),and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The management of the clinical midwifery teaching faculty under the new nursing model effectively improved the quality of clinical teaching.It significantly enhanced the teaching effectiveness of clinical teaching teachers and the proficiency of midwifery interns in clinical operations,making it worthy of promotion and use.

Research on Spatial Distribution of Settlements in the Upper Reaches of the Minjiang River

Under the background of the uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the settlements in the upper reaches of the Min River are significantly affected by the mountain environment, and their spatial distribution is typical and representative. In this study, the relationship between settlements and topography, rivers and transportation, and the spatial distribution patterns of settlements, such as the aggregation and orientation characteristics of settlements, have been studied. The main conclusions include: 1) The settlement density decreases with the increase of elevation, slope, and distance from rivers and roads;76.25% and 63.17% of the settlements are distributed in the range of elevation 1500 - 3000 m and slope 6° - 25°, the upper reaches of the Min River are mostly alpine valley terrain, the bottom of the river has a low altitude, the landscape is undulating. The warm and humid climate is suitable for farming, conducive to agricultural production, and an ideal living environment for mountain residents. 2) The nuclear density of the settlement is distributed in strips along the axis of the river, and the closer to the river, the greater the nuclear density value. 3) Mathematical statistical methods were applied for the first time to realize the quantitative expression of the coupling of settlement and river direction. The influence of topographic conditions in different watersheds on the coupling degree of settlement extension and river flow direction was revealed. The slope of the fitted straight line between the settlement and river direction was 0.897, and the two directions were consistent. Except for the mainstream of the Min River, the larger values of the standard deviation ellipse flattening of settlements in each basin appeared in the upper reaches of the bay, and the overall trend showed a gradual decrease from the upstream to the downstream, which was consistent with the topographic change characteristics of the basin.

Exogenous melatonin improves the chilling tolerance and preharvest fruit shelf life in eggplant by affecting ROS-and senescence-related processes

Low temperature is the most common abiotic stress factors during the eggplant cultivation in solar greenhouses.Melatonin plays important roles in plant resistance to low temperature.However,the role of melatonin in regulating chilling tolerance and extending the preharvest shelf life of eggplant fruits is still unknown.In this study,we investigated the effects of exogenous melatonin on eggplant plants and fruits in response to low temperature.Under simulated low-temperature conditions,exogenous melatonin significantly relieved the chilling symptoms of seedlings by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and relative leakage rates.These reductions were caused by higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and increased endogenous polyamine and melatonin levels compared with those in untreated seedlings.Notably,the expression levels of SOD,CAT1/2,and polyamine synthesis genes (ADC and ODC) were also increased by 100μmol·L~(-1)melatonin,as well as those of genes involved in melatonin synthesis (TDC,T5H,SNAT,ASMT,and COMT) and cold regulation (COR1,CBFa/b,and ZAT2/6/12).To further investigate the effects of melatonin on eggplant leaves and fruits under natural low temperature conditions,100μmol·L~(-1)melatonin was sprayed on the functional leaves at three days before commodity maturation.Melatonin significantly alleviated chilling injury in the leaves and pericarp and extended the preharvest shelf life of the fruit by increasing the expression of COR1,CBF,ZAT2/6/12,and API5 and decreasing the expression of senescence-related genes (NCED1/2 and SAG12).Therefore,100μmol·L~(-1)melatonin improved chilling tolerance and fruit shelf life by upregulating ZAT2/6/12 to affect ROS-and senescence-related processes,which provides a reference for alleviating cold stress and extending the preharvest fruit shelf life in eggplant.

Optimizing pH-sensitive and time-dependent polymer formula of colonic pH-responsive pellets to achieve precise drug release

Time-sensitive and pH-dependent polymers are generally employed to prepare colon-site delivery system, and their coating thickness and order are very important in controlling the drug release. The traditional colon-site delivery systems consist of time-dependent polymers as inner layer and pH-sensitive polymers as outer layer. However, they suffer from low drug-loading rate and immature drug release. In this study, total alkaloids of sophora alopecuroides(TASA)-loaded pellets were prepared by extrusion-spheronization method and coated with Eudragit RS30D and Eudragit S100. Pellets using Eudragit RS30D as inner layer and Eudragit S100 as outer layer were named as ERS-ES100 TCO, while pellets with Eudragit S100 as inner layer and Eudragit RS30D as outer layer were ES100-ERS NCO. Both types of formulations with varying coating ratios and orders of Eudragit S100 and Eudragit RS30D were designed and prepared. The following in vitro drug release and SEM studies indicated that ERS-ES100 TCO(F2) with 12.8% Eudragit RS30D as inner layer and 21% Eudragit S100 as outer layer released up to 42% drug in 5 h. Interestingly, ES100-ERS NCO(F4) coated with 12.8% Eudragit S100 and 14.8% Eudragit RS30D showed optimal drug release in colon. In conclusion, ES100-ERS NCO colonic delivery system achieved reduced coating thickness and improved colonic targeting compared with traditional delivery system(ERS-ES100 TCO). In addition, the similarity factors( f 2) value of sophoridine and matrine for investigated formulation were within 50–100 and > 80, demonstrating that sophoridine and matrine in all formulations achieved a synchronous release.

In-situ detection equipment for radon-in-water:unattended operation and monthly investigations

Radon is recognized as a powerful tracer of certain geophysical processes in marine and aquatic environments.In the past few decades,the instruments and methods for measuring radon concentration in water have been developed to some extent but still lack underwater in-situ measurements.Here we present an in-situ detection equipment for radon-in-water(pulsed ionization chamber(PIC)-radon)to measure dissolved radon in ocean and groundwater settings.The equipment has been successfully deployed in the Jiaozhou Bay in July 2022 and has achieved 14 d of unattended underwater in-situ observation.Then it was successfully placed in a groundwater monitoring well in the Laizhou Bay in November 2022 and monitored radon activities for over 30 d.The results showed that this instrument had a good indication of submarine groundwater discharge.The PIC-radon detector takes advantage of smaller size,lower power consumption,and is barely influenced by humidity,making it particularly suitable for long-term in-situ measurement,especially in harsh environments with limited human care or deployment spaces.

Measuring^(222)Rn in aquatic environment via Pulsed Ionization Chamber Radon Detector

Radon(Rn)is a naturally occurring radioactive inert gas in nature,and^(222)Rn has been routinely used as a powerful tracer in various aquatic environmental research on timescales of hours to days,such as submarine groundwater discharge.Here we developed a new approach to measure^(222)Rn in discrete water samples with a wide range of^(222)Rn concentrations using a Pulsed Ionization Chamber(PIC)Radon Detector.The sensitivity of the new PIC system is evaluated at 6.06 counts per minute for 1 Bq/L when a 500 mL water sample volume is used.A robust logarithmic correlation between sample volumes,ranging from 250 mL to 5000 mL,and system sensitivity obtained in this study strongly suggests that this approach is suitable for measuring radon concentration levels in various natural waters.Compared to the currently available methods for measuring radon in grab samples,the PIC system is cheaper,easier to operate and does not require extra accessories(e.g.,drying tubes etc.)to maintain stable measurements throughout the counting procedure.

Molecular and genetic regulations of fleshy fruit shape and lessons from Arabidopsis and rice

Fleshy fruit shape is an important external quality trait influencing the usage of fruits and consumer preference.Thus,modification of fruit shape has become one of the major objectives for crop improvement.However,the underlying mechanisms of fruit shape regulation are poorly understood.In this review we summarize recent progress in the genetic basis of fleshy fruit shape regulation using tomato,cucumber,and peach as examples.Comparative analyses suggest that the OFP-TRM(OVATE Family Protein-TONNEAU1 Recruiting Motif)and IQD(IQ67 domain)pathways are probably conserved in regulating fruit shape by primarily modulating cell division patterns across fleshy fruit species.Interestingly,cucumber homologs of FRUITFULL(FUL1),CRABS CLAW(CRC)and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 2(ACS2)were found to regulate fruit elongation.We also outline the recent progress in fruit shape regulation mediated by OFP-TRM and IQD pathways in Arabidopsis and rice,and propose that the OFP-TRM pathway and IQD pathway coordinate regulate fruit shape through integration of phytohormones,including brassinosteroids,gibberellic acids,and auxin,and microtubule organization.In addition,functional redundancy and divergence of the members of each of the OFP,TRM,and IQD families are also shown.This review provides a general overview of current knowledge in fruit shape regulation and discusses the possible mechanisms that need to be addressed in future studies.

Random forests to predict survival of octogenarians with brain metastases from nonsmall-cell lung cancer

Background:To create and validate nomograms for the personalized prediction of survival in octogenarians with newly diagnosed nonsmall-cell lung cancer(NSCLC)with sole brain metastases(BMs).Methods:Random forests(RF)were applied to identify independent prognostic factors for building nomogram models.The predictive accuracy of the model was evaluated based on the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve,C-index,and calibration plots.Results:The area under the curve(AUC)values for overall survival at 6,12,and 18 months in the validation cohort were 0.837,0.867,and 0.849,respectively;the AUC values for cancer-specific survival prediction were 0.819,0.835,and 0.818,respectively.The calibration curves visualized the accuracy of the model.Conclusion:The new nomograms have good predictive power for survival among octogenarians with sole BMs related to NSCLC.

Distribution of Helium Resources in Weihe Basin,Central China:Insight from 3D Magnetic Inversion

There is promising indication of helium-rich natural gas in Weihe Basin.However,the lack of a detailed investigation on the origin and the spatial distribution of helium source rocks(mainly Yanshanian granites)limits the helium potentiality evaluation in Weihe Basin(WB).We performed three-dimensional(3 D)inversions of magnetic data in Weihe Basin and its adjacent areas to figure out the crustal thermal structure and the temporal-spatial distribution of deep granite in the basin.Based on this,we have proposed a geological model of helium accumulation and predicted the potential area of helium distribution.The results of 3 D magnetic inversion indicate that the granites in the deep Weihe Basin are mostly located at the central and southern parts of the basin,which are connected spatially with the granites in the North Qinling Orogenic Belt.These granites were all derived from largescale intra-continental orogeny in the Qinling area during the mid-Mesozoic,providing a good material basis for crust-derived helium in the basin.The local uplift of the Curie surface makes the thermal fluid more actively,which contributes to helium accumulation.The faults developed in the WB are the migration pathway of crust-derived helium and the upward migration of the mantle-derived helium.The wells with high percentage helium are mostly located near the Weihe fault and the areas on the south of it.The Wugong-Xi’an-Lantian area in the central and the Lintong-Weinan-Tongguan area in the eastern Weihe Basin are the most promising helium distribution areas.Furthermore,the region from the north of Taibai Mountain to Baoji City in the western Weihe Basin may also be another potential area of Helium resource.

Direct fabrication of single-crystal-like structure using quasi-continuous-wave laser additive manufacturing

The synchronously periodic re-melting of molten pool was firstly introduced in additive manufacturing to promote the epitaxial growth of columnar structure using a novel quasi-continuous-wave(QCW)laser.The epitaxial growth of columnar structure was intensified and the single-crystal-like sample with highly oriented "zigzag" columnar grains was produced.The modified molten-pool geometry and the synchronously high-frequency re-melting of the molten pool contribute to the formation of singlecrystal-like structure.This work reports a new route to promote the continuously epitaxial growth of dendrites for fabrication of single-crystal-like sample.

The role of personality,social economic and prevention strategy effects on health-related quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS

Background::HIV/AIDS has transformed into a chronic controllable but not yet curable infectious disease as other chronic diseases to some extent.The additional of so called fourth 90%that included the improved health-related quality of life(HRQoL)for people living with HIV(PLWHIV)required solutions beyond antiretroviral therapy and viral load suppression.This study will explore the role of personality,social economic and prevention strategy effection on HRQoL among people living with HIV/AIDS.Methods::A cross-sectional study was conducted among PLWHIV aged more than 16 years old in the 10 municipalities in Yunnan Province,China from October 2019 to May 2020,enrolling total 1997 participants.Individual-level HRQoL data were measured by 12-item Short Form Health Survey(SF-12)and EuroQol Five Dimensions Questionnaire(EQ-5D-5L).We assembled municipal-level data about social economic from Yunnan Statistical Yearbook in 2020 and strategy practice information from the self-evaluation system.We used the principal component analysis to build the social economic and strategy effect on each area respectively and one-way ANOVA was used to perform univariate analysis to identify the predictors with significant differences.Finally we used multi-level model(MLM)to explore the personality,social economic and strategy effects in health-related quality of life among PLWHIV.Results::The global score for quality of life measured using EQ-5D-5L had an estimated mean score(standard deviation,SD)of 0.901±0.146.The HRQoL score measured using PCS-12 had an estimated mean score(SD)of 46.62±8.55.The mean MCS-12 score(SD)was estimated to be 47.80±9.71.The area-level predictors explained a proportion of 13.6-17.2%for the between-area variation of the HRQoL scores,regardless of the total HRQoL,physical component and mental component.The impacts of stigma(P<0.01),social support(P<0.001),anxiety(P<0.001),depression(P<0.05)and social economic status(P<0.05)on HRQoL at the individual-level were significantly different.The plots visualized the impact of individual-level factors on a respondent’s HRQoL was modified by the area-level characteristics.Conclusions::The study identified the possible strategy determinant of individual HRQoL of PLWHIV and also the area effect on HRQoL.Stigma,social support,anxiety,depression and social economic status were the individual-level determinants on HRQoL.These could be a valuable resource for evaluating the overall health of the areas and help improve local decision making.

Porous graphene decorated silica as a new stationary phase for separation of sulfanilamide compounds in hydrophilic interaction chromatography

Porous graphene(PG) has potential applications in numerous fields because of the existence of nanopores in the plane. In this study, porous graphene decorated silica microspheres(Sil-PG) were successfully fabricated by assembling PG onto the silica particles surface in deep eutectic solvents(DESs).Experimental results demonstrate that this new stationary phase can facilitate the separation of six sulfonamides compounds in hydrophilic chromatographic conditions. The successful synthesis of the SilPG stationary phase provides a basis for the application of porous graphene-modified materials as the stationary phase for liquid chromatography, and offers the possibility to broaden the application of PG in the field of chromatography.

Nano-Cs_(x)WO_(3):Ultra-broadband nonlinear optical modulator for near-infrared and mid-infrared ultrafast fiber lasers generation

Saturable absorbers(SAs)covering wavelengths from near-infrared(NIR)to mid-infrared(MIR)band are required for mode-locking and Q-switching lasers in muti-band wavelengths.Here,broadband nonlinear optical property was discovered in Cs_(x)WO_(3) nanorods(NRs),which as a novel non-stoichiometric SA for realizing ultrafast fiber lasers is first demonstrated.The Cs_(x)WO_(3) NRs based SA exhibited good mode-locking ability in three key wavelengths from NIR to MIR region,which is a key advantage over the most reported broadband SAs.The given Cs_(x)WO_(3) NRs showed a broadband optical absorption from 800 to 3,200 nm,and excellent SA properties at 1-μm,1.5-μm,and 2-μm optical bands.Employing such SA,the ultrashort pulse lasers with a pulse duration/repetition rate of 530 fs/37.42 MHz at 1,567 nm and 5.6 ps/41.50 MHz at 1,965 nm from Er-and Tm-doped fiber lasers(TDFL)were realized separately.In addition,a stable mode locked operation at 1,030 nm with a repetition rate of 48.80 MHz was also achieved from Yb-doped fiber laser(YDFL).This work not only offers a new and reliable broadband mode locker for ultrafast laser generation,but also broadens the application of Cs_(x)WO_(3) materials in the field of nonlinear fiber optics.

HSP70L1-mediated intracellular priming of dendritic cell vaccination induces more potent CTL response against cancer

Heat-shock protein(HSP)-based immunotherapy is established on its adjuvant effects when applied via an extracellular approach to pulse and activate dendritic cells(DCs).Our previous studies indicate that DCs pulsed with recombinant fusion proteins of antigenic fragment and HSP70-like protein 1(HSP70L1)are potent in stimulating antigen-specific Th1 responses.We herein evaluated the cytotoxic T cell(CTL)response by an intracellular approach of priming DCs with transfection of recombinant adenovirus-expressing the fusion gene of the 576–699 fragment of carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)and HSP70L1.As compared with DCs pulsed with extracellular fusion protein,the DCs transfected with recombinant adenovirus expressing the fusion gene displayed equivalent mature phenotypes but less inflammatory appearance.However,the transfected DCs were superior to the pulsed DCs in inducing CEA-specific CTLs.Consistently,immunization of HLA-A2.1/H-2Kb transgene mice with the transfected DCs could induce more quantities of HLA-A2.1-restricted CEA-specific CTLs,protecting nude mice more significantly from human CEA-expressing colon tumor challenge when adoptively transferred.Mechanistic investigation indicated that intracellular expression of the fusion protein empowered the transfected DCs by activation of STAT1 possibly via inducing IFN-βand ERK pathways.Therefore,the more potent ability to induce anti-CEA CTL responses enables the DCs,which transfected with recombinant adenovirus expressing the fusion gene of antigenic CEA fragment and Th1 adjuvant,as an alternative promising approach for the immunotherapy of CEA-positive tumors.

Effects of HMW-GS Dx2 absence on the protein aggregation characteristics and thermal stability of wheat flour during maturation

Background:Wheat flour maturation affects the aggregation and structural stability of proteins.The number of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GSs)differs in various wheat varieties.The effects of Dx2 absence on the protein aggregation characteristics and thermal sta-bility of flour were investigated during 120 d of maturation using near-isogenic lines(NILs).Results:The absence of Dx2 delayed and decreased the protein aggregation of flours during maturation,i.e.the maturation-induced increases were later and smaller for glutenin,glutenin macropolymer(GMP),glutenin/gliadin ratio,β-sheets,andβ-sheet/a-helix ratio in HMW-D1a without Dx2 than in HMW-D1p with Dx2;these differences were ascribed to the weaker interactions between the sulfhydryl(-SH)groups,disulfide bonds(-S-S-),and hydrophobicity in the flours without Dx2.Flour maturation caused the dough microstructures to be more compact and denser,thereby increasing the flour thermal stability as observed by a higher denaturation peak temperature(Tp),enthalpy of thermal transition(△H),and degradation temperature(Td),These changes led to better dough properties such as dough development time,dough stability time,and protein weakening,but the optimal stage in HMW-D1a without Dx2was reached later.Conclusion:These findings deepen the understanding of how HMW-GS Dx2 modifies protein structures during flour maturation.

Correction: HSP70L1-mediated intracellular priming of dendritic cell vaccination induces more potent CTL response against cancer

In the published version of Fig.3D,the data of the CH and AdCtrl groups in the CFSE-Lovo/Medium panel were mistakenly presented with incorrected images.Figure 3D has now been corrected.The corrected version of Figure 3 is shown below.Although we regret our mistake during figure assembly and would like to apologize for any inconvenience it may have caused,we did not manipulate our data in any way.This unintentional error also has no bearing on the workʼs scientific conclusions.

Doubly resonant second-harmonic generation in a fiber-based tunable open microcavity

Microcavities constructed from materials with a second-order nonlinear coefficient have enabled efficient second-harmonic(SH)generation at a low power level.However,it is still technically challenging to realize double resonance with large nonlinear modal overlap in a microcavity.Here,we propose a design for a robust,tunable,and easy coupling double-resonance SH generation based on the combination of a newly developed fiber-based Fabry-Perot microcavity and a sandwich structure,whose numerical SH conversion efficiency is up to 3000%W^(-1).This proposal provides a feasible way to construct ultra-efficient nonlinear devices for generation of classical and quantum light sources.