基于深度学习的露天铀矿可爆性智能分级模型研究

湖山铀矿属于特大型露天铀矿山,目前矿山爆破生产为“一次设计,长期使用”,故存在爆破参数缺乏动态调整、炸药单耗高、爆破效果不理想的问题,对此,可通过对爆破区块进行动态可爆性分级管理并反馈调控爆破设计来解决。本研究利用该矿爆破区块的生产历史大数据,提出了采用钻孔率(α)、炸药单耗(β)和块度指标(γ)计算区块爆破性指数K的方法,并根据爆破性指数K的值对历史爆破区块的可爆性进行分级;再以爆破区块的单轴抗压强度(UCS)、矿石的质量指标(RQD)和矿体的地质强度指标(GSI)作为可爆性指标,建立了可爆性指标与可爆性等级相对应的数据集;然后构建了深度学习神经网络模型,并以可爆性指标作为输入,以可爆性等级作为输出对构建的深度学习神经网络模型进行了训练;最后通过现场试验验证了训练后的模型对可爆性等级预测的可靠性和准确性,同时优化了爆破设计和爆破效果。研究结果表明:建立的深度学习神经网络模型可用于爆破区块的可爆性分级与爆破效果优化。

临床护士感知用药环境对用药安全能力影响的研究

目的调查临床护士用药安全能力现状,并分析感知用药环境对其用药安全能力的影响,为提高临床护士用药安全能力提供参考依据。方法采用便利抽样法,选取湖南省某三级甲等医院484名临床护士为研究对象,应用一般资料问卷、临床护士用药安全能力量表、用药环境感知量表进行调查分析。结果护士用药安全能力总分为(165.46±23.13)分,标准得分率为91.92%;用药环境感知总分为(143.80±20.37)分,标准得分率为89.88%。用药安全能力与用药环境感知的总分及各维度得分呈正相关(P<0.01),回归分析结果显示,在控制人口学资料后,用药环境感知对护士用药安全能力的解释增加了38.0%。结论用药环境感知中的物理工作环境和护士自身是用药安全能力的影响因素,且呈正向预测,因此改善临床护士用药环境能提高其用药安全能力水平。

Association of physical activity with risk of chronic kidney disease in China:A population-based cohort study

Background:Information on the association between physical activity(PA)and the risk of chronic kidney disease(CKD)is limited.We aimed to explore the associations of total,domain-specific,and intensity-specific PA with CKD and its subtypes in China.Methods:The study included 475,376 adults from the China Kadoorie Biobank aged 30-79 years during 2004-2008 at baseline.An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the information about PA,which was quantified as metabolic equivalent of task hours per day(MET-h/day)and categorized into 4 groups based on quartiles.Cox regression was used to analyze the association between PA and CKD risk.Results:During a median follow-up of 12.1 years,5415 incident CKD cases were documented,including 1159 incident diabetic kidney disease(DKD)cases and 362 incident hypertensive nephropathy(HTN)cases.Total PA was inversely associated with CKD risk,with an adjusted hazard ratio(HR,95%confidence interval(95%CI))of 0.83(0.75-0.92)for incident CKD in the highest quartile of total PA as compared with participants in the lowest quartile.Similar results were observed for risk of DKD and HTN,and the corresponding HRs(95%CIs)were 0.75(0.58-0.97)for DKD risk and 0.56(0.37-0.85)for HTN risk.Increased nonoccupational PA,low-intensity PA,and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA were significantly associated with a decreased risk of CKD,with HRs(95%CIs)of 0.80(0.73-0.88),0.85(0.77-0.94),and 0.85(0.76-0.95)in the highest quartile,respectively.Conclusion:PA,including nonoccupational PA,low-intensity PA,and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA,was inversely associated with the risk of CKD,including DKD,HTN,and other CKD,and such associations were dose dependent.

Recess-free enhancement-mode AlGaN/GaN RF HEMTs on Si substrate

Enhancement-mode(E-mode)GaN-on-Si radio-frequency(RF)high-electron-mobility transistors(HEMTs)were fabri-cated on an ultrathin-barrier(UTB)AlGaN(<6 nm)/GaN heterostructure featuring a naturally depleted 2-D electron gas(2DEG)channel.The fabricated E-mode HEMTs exhibit a relatively high threshold voltage(VTH)of+1.1 V with good uniformity.A maxi-mum current/power gain cut-off frequency(fT/fMAX)of 31.3/99.6 GHz with a power added efficiency(PAE)of 52.47%and an out-put power density(Pout)of 1.0 W/mm at 3.5 GHz were achieved on the fabricated E-mode HEMTs with 1-μm gate and Au-free ohmic contact.

From immunology to artificial intelligence: revolutionizing latent tuberculosis infection diagnosis with machine learning

Latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI)has become a major source of active tuberculosis(ATB).Although the tuberculin skin test and interferon-gamma release assay can be used to diagnose LTBI,these methods can only differentiate infected individuals from healthy ones but cannot discriminate between LTBI and ATB.Thus,the diagnosis of LTBI faces many challenges,such as the lack of effective biomarkers from Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)for distinguishing LTBI,the low diagnostic efficacy of biomarkers derived from the human host,and the absence of a gold standard to differentiate between LTBI and ATB.Sputum culture,as the gold standard for diagnosing tuberculosis,is time-consuming and cannot distinguish between ATB and LTBI.In this article,we review the pathogenesis of MTB and the immune mechanisms of the host in LTBI,including the innate and adaptive immune responses,multiple immune evasion mechanisms of MTB,and epigenetic regulation.Based on this knowledge,we summarize the current status and challenges in diagnosing LTBI and present the application of machine learning(ML)in LTBI diagnosis,as well as the advantages and limitations of ML in this context.Finally,we discuss the future development directions of ML applied to LTBI diagnosis.

高效液相色谱法用于氧化型染发产品中42种限用染发剂的筛查和定量分析

建立了一种利用高效液相色谱筛查和定量分析氧化型染发产品中42种限用染发剂的方法。染发产品经亚硫酸氢钠水溶液-乙醇超声提取后,以0.02 mol/L乙酸铵水溶液-乙腈为流动相,在TechMate AQUA-STIII色谱柱上进行梯度洗脱和分离,选择235和280 nm作为检测波长,对42种染发剂进行一次性定性筛查,同时实现其中35种染发剂的定量分析,当筛查结果表明产品中含有2,6-二甲氧基-3,5-吡啶二胺盐酸盐、2-甲基-5-羟乙氨基苯酚等7种染发剂时,以0.02 mol/L乙酸铵水溶液-乙腈为流动相,在Waters Symmetry C_(18)色谱柱上进行等度洗脱,选择235 nm作为检测波长进行定量分析。结果表明:42种染发剂的方法检出限为10~101μg/g,定量限为33~337μg/g。在相应的线性范围内,42种染发剂色谱峰面积与质量浓度线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均大于0.9998。在4个不同含量水平下,各目标化合物的平均回收率在81.3%~119.6%之间,RSD不大于5%。

Breast cancer and rectal cancer associated with Lynch syndrome:A case report

BACKGROUND The development mechanisms of Lynch syndrome(LS)-related breast cancer(BC)and rectal cancer are complex and variable,leading to personalized variations in diagnosis and treatment plans.CASE SUMMARY This paper presents a comprehensive review of clinical diagnosis and treatment data from a patient with LS-associated BC and rectal cancer.Moreover,screening data and management guidelines,as well as relevant literature on LS,are included in this report.This study summarizes the molecular pathogenesis,clinicopathological features,and screening and management protocols for LS-associated BC and rectal cancer.CONCLUSION Implementing early screening,prevention,and timely diagnosis and treatment measures is expected to reduce mitigate the incidence and mortality of LS-related BC and rectal cancer.

国产高性能碳纤维单丝压缩强度及微观结构的研究

通过拉伸回弹法对多种高性能碳纤维进行单丝压缩性能测试,并采用极值平均法进行数据统计分析,同时使用XRD对国产高性能碳纤维的微观结构进行表征,深入研究了纤维模量对其微观结构的影响。结果表明,国产高模量碳纤维的晶粒尺寸和堆叠层数远大于高强度碳纤维,且碳纤维模量越高,其微晶晶粒尺寸越大、层间距越小,所对应单丝压缩强度越低。

Changes of mitochondrial dynamics during the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a review

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a chronic liver disease closely related to metabolic disorders that pose a serious threat to human health.Currently,no specific drugs are available for treating the aetiology of NAFLD in clinical practice.Mitochondria have various biological functions inside the cell.Studies have found that mitochondrial fission and fusion are closely related to NAFLD.Therefore,identifying therapeutic targets for NAFLD through mitochondrial fission and fusion is crucial.Particularly in the field of traditional Chinese medicine,good therapeutic effects have been achieved in the treatment of NAFLD by protecting mitochondrial fusion and fission.Therefore,this article reviews the relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and NAFLD as well as the treatment of NAFLD through the regulation of mitochondrial fission and fusion with traditional Chinese medicine to provide a reference for the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine in regulating mitochondrial fission and fusion functions to treat NAFLD.

The relationship between ferroptosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a kind of metabolic disorder characterized by excessive fat deposition in the liver and ranging from simple steatosis(simple NAFLD)to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),cirrhosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma[1].It has recently been increasing annually;for example,it was recently estimated to have a global prevalence of 32.4%,which seriously threatens human health[2].Thus,the discovery of new therapeutic targets is of great importance because there is no specified drug for the treatment of NAFLD.On the other hand,the pathogenesis of NAFLD is complicated and still unclear.Recent studies have proposed ferroptosis as related to the disease progressions of NAFLD.Preliminary evidence indicated that ferroptosis in hepatocytes and hepatic macrophages could induce NASH and that complex regulatory mechanisms were involved.In the future,inhibition of ferroptosis may hopefully become an emerging target in treating NAFLD.

Comparison of QTLs for rice seedling morphology under different water supply conditions

The variation of seedling characteristics under different water supply conditions is strongly associated with drought resistance in rice （Oryza sativa L.） and a better elucidation of its genetics is helpful for improving rice drought resistance. Ninety-six doubled-haploid （DH） rice lines of an indica and japonica cross were grown in both flooding and upland conditions and QTLs for morphological traits at seedling stage were examined using 208 restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP） and 76 microsatellite （SSR） markers. A total of 32 putative QTLs were associated with the four seedling traits： average of three adventitious root lengths （ARL）, shoot height （SH）, shoot biomass （SW）, and root to shoot dry weight ratio （RSR）. Five QTLs detected were the same under control and upland conditions. The ratio between the mean value of the seedling trait under upland and flooding conditions was used for assessing drought tolerance. A total of six QTLs for drought tolerance were detected. Comparative analysis was performed for the QTLs detected in this case and those reported from two other populations with the same upland rice variety Azucena as parent. Several identical QTLs for seedling elongation across the three populations with the positive alleles from the upland rice Azucena were detected, which suggests that the alleles of Azucena might be involved in water stress-accelerated elongation of rice under different genetic backgrounds. Five cell wall-related candidate genes for OsEXPI, OsEXP2, OsEXP4, EXT, and EGase were mapped on the intervals carrying the QTLs for seedling traits.

Serial lumbar puncture reduces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) infection during removal of hemorrhagic CSF in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage after endovascular coiling

The present study aimed to compare the complications and clinical outcomes of serial lumbar puncture（LP） and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid（CSF） drainage（LD） of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and provide more evidence to guide clinical management.In this retrospective study,41 and 39 aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients were enrolled in the LP and LD group,respectively.Clinical outcomes,including CSF infection,intracerebral hemorrhage,vasospasm,hydrocephalus,death,length of stay,duration of drainage and the Glasgow Outcome Scale score were compared between the two groups.By comparing with the LP group,the LD group showed a significantly higher rate of CSF infection（P= 0.029） and shorter duration of drainage（P〈 0.001）.Both groups displayed similar rates of vasospasm,hydrocephalus,intracerebral hemorrhage,the Glasgow Outcome Scale score one month after endovascular coiling and length of stay（P〉 0.05,respectively）.In conclusion,both LD and serial LP are effective methods in the treatment of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage; besides,serial LP can reduce the incidence of CSF infection in draining hemorrhagic CSF in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage after endovascular coiling.

Effects of environmental factors on seedling growth and anthocyanin content in Betula ‘Royal Frost’ leaves

Determining the influences of environmental factors on seedling growth and leaf color may improve our understanding of the chromogenic mechanisms in leaves and the biosynthesis of anthocyanin. To determine the optimum conditions for Betula 'Royal Frost' seedling cultivation, we assessed seedling growth and anthocyanin content under natural conditions. The temperature had a significant influence on height but not on radial growth. Between June and September, the anthocyanin content was significantly positively correlated with light intensity and air moisture and significantly negatively correlated with temperature. In single-factor experiments to determine the variation in anthocyanin content in the greenhouse, anthocyanin content increased with increasing soil water content and at first increased, then decreased with increasing pH of the irrigation water and temperature, but decreased with increasing light intensity. K2SO4 can increase the anthocyanin content. So to maintain leaf color, seedlings should be cultivated with < 200 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) light intensity at 20 A degrees C and soil moisture content between 60 and 90%, and the irrigation water should be neutral or alkaline. Additionally, spraying with K2SO4 can be beneficial.

Shoot multiplication of Syringa reticulata var.mandshurica from in vitro cultured seedlings

We developed a shoot multiplication protocol for Syringa reticulata Blume vat. mandshurica Hara from in vitro cultured seedlings that derived from in vitro germinated seeds. The shoots could be induced on Murashige and Skoog （MS） medium with proper plant growth regulator combinations of 6-benzylaminopurine （BA） and indole-3-butyric acid （IBA）. The better medium for shoot multiplication and growth was MS ＋ 5 mg L-1 BA ＋ 0.5 mg L-1 IBA ＋ 20 g L-1 sucrose ＋ 7 g L-1 agar, and the corresponding shoot induction rate was 75 %. The plantlets grew well after rooting on I/2MS medium （macro-elements of MS medium are at half-strength） sup- plemented with 1 mg L-1 IBA, and the survival percentage was 〉80 % at 16 weeks after transplanting.

High linearity AlGaN/GaN HEMT with double-Vth coupling for millimeter-wave applications

We demonstrated an AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor(HEMT)namely double-Vthcoupling HEMT(DVC-HEMT)fabricated by connecting different threshold voltage(Vth)values including the slant recess element and planar element in parallel along the gate width with N;O plasma treatment on the gate region.The comparative studies of DVC-HEMT and Fin-like HEMT fabricated on the same wafer show significantly improved linearity of transconductance(Gm)and radio frequency(RF)output signal characteristics in DVC-HEMT.The fabricated device shows the transconductance plateau larger than 7 V,which yields a flattened fT/fmax-gate bias dependence.At the operating frequency of 30 GHz,the peak power-added efficiency(PAE)of 41%accompanied by the power density(Pout)of 5.3 W/mm.Furthermore,the proposed architecture also features an exceptional linearity performance with 1-d B compression point(P1 d B)of 28 d Bm,whereas that of the Fin-like HEMT is 25.2 d Bm.The device demonstrated in this article has great potential to be a new paradigm for millimeter-wave application where high linearity is essential.

改进零参考深度曲线低照度图像增强算法

在低照度条件下拍摄的图像具有对比度低,亮度低,细节缺失等质量缺陷,给图像处理带来困难;提出一种改进零参考深度曲线低照度图像增强算法,通过在空间一致性损失函数中引入与卷积核大小相关参数,统一了不同尺寸图像的增强效果;将颜色不变损失、照明平滑损失函数与输入图像类型关联,使其增强效果的峰值信噪比提高17.75%,对比度提高26.75%;通过使用对称式卷积结构,解决原算法计算量大的问题;通过使用MobileNetV2轻量化网络对零参考深度网络(Zero-DCE)进行了优化,减少网络模型计算复杂度的同时保证模型较好的增强效果。

基于密度泛函理论的氧空位碘酸氧铋增强光催化性能研究

针对具有强氧化性的碘酸氧铋(BiOIO_(3))存在带隙较大、光响应范围小等缺陷,限制了其在燃煤电厂烟气重金属污染物排放控制方面发展的问题,采用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一性原理计算了不同位置的氧空位对BiOIO_(3)光催化活性的影响,对其结构特征、能带结构、电子态密度和光吸收光谱进行了分析。结果表明:构建氧空位后,晶体的带隙宽度变窄;引入杂质能级作为电子跃迁的桥梁后,价带中的电子吸收较小能量便可跃迁到导带。相比纯BiOIO_(3),存在氧空位的晶体材料在可见光区域和紫外光区域的吸收系数都有明显提高,光催化活性明显增强。

Multi-Antenna Jammer Assisted Covert Communications in Data Collected IoT with NOMA

In this paper,we investigate covert communications in data collected IoT with NOMA,where the paired sensor nodes S_(m) and S_(n) transmit covert messages to a legitimate receiver(Bob)in the presence of a Warden(Willie).To confuse the detection at Willie,an extra multi-antenna friendly jammer(Jammer)has been employed to transmit artificial noise(AN)with random power.Based on the CSI of Willie is available or not at Jammer,three AN transmission schemes,including null-space artificial noise(NAN),transmit antenna selection(TAS),and zeroforcing beamforming(ZFB),are proposed.Furthermore,the closed-form expressions of expected minimum detection error probability(EMDEP)and joint connection outage probability(JCOP)are derived to measure covertness and reliability,respectively.Finally,the maximum effective covert rate(ECR)is obtained with a given covertness constraint.The numerical results show that ZFB scheme has the best maximum ECR in the case of the number of antennas satisfies N>2,and the same maximum ECR can be achieved in ZFB and NAN schemes with N=2.Moreover,TAS scheme also can improve the maximum ECR compared with the benchmark scheme(i.e.,signal-antenna jammer).In addition,a proper NOMA node pairing can further improve the maximum ECR.

Contribution of gut microbiota to drug-induced liver injury

Drug-induced liver injury(DILI)is caused by various drugs with complex pathogenesis,and diverse clinical and pathological phenotypes.Drugs damage the liver directly through drug hepatotoxicity,or indirectly through drug-mediated oxidative stress,immune injury and inflammatory insult,which eventually lead to hepatocyte necrosis.Recent studies have found that the composition,relative content and distribution of gut microbiota in patients and animal models of DILI have changed significantly.It has been confirmed that gut microbial dysbiosis brings about intestinal barrier destruction and microorganisms translocation,and the alteration of microbial metabolites may cause or aggravate DILI.In addition,antibiotics,probiotics,and fecal microbiota transplantation are all emerging as prospective therapeutic methods for DILI by regulating the gut microbiota.In this review,we discussed how the altered gut microbiota participates in DILI.

Network-pharmacology-based research on protective effects and underlying mechanism of Shuxin decoction against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury with diabetes

BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes mellitus are at higher risk of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury(MI/RI).Shuxin decoction(SXT)is a proven recipe modification from the classic herbal formula"Wu-tou-chi-shi-zhi-wan"according to the traditional Chinese medicine theory.It has been successfully used to alleviate secondary MI/RI in patients with diabetes mellitus in the clinical setting.However,the underlying mechanism is still unclear.AIM To further determine the mechanism of SXT in attenuating MI/RI associated with diabetes.METHODS This paper presents an ensemble model combining network pharmacology and biology.The Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database was accessed to select key components and potential targets of the SXT.In parallel,therapeutic targets associated with MI/RI in patients with diabetes were screened from various databases including Gene Expression Omnibus,DisGeNet,Genecards,Drugbank,OMIM,and PharmGKB.The potential targets of SXT and the therapeutic targets related to MI/RI in patients with diabetes were intersected and subjected to bioinformatics analysis using the Database for Annotation,Visualization and Integrated Discovery.The major results of bioinformatics analysis were subsequently validated by animal experiments.RESULTS According to the hypothesis derived from bioinformatics analysis,SXT could possibly ameliorate lipid metabolism disorders and exert anti-apoptotic effects in MI/RI associated with diabetes by reducing oxidized low density lipoprotein(LDL)and inhibiting the advanced glycation end products(AGE)-receptor for AGE(RAGE)signaling pathway.Subsequent animal experiments confirmed the hypothesis.The treatment with a dose of SXT(2.8 g/kg/d)resulted in a reduction in oxidized LDL,AGEs,and RAGE,and regulated the level of blood lipids.Besides,the expression of apoptosis-related proteins such as Bax and cleaved caspase 3 was down-regulated,whereas Bcl-2 expression was up-regulated.The findings indicated that SXT could inhibit myocardial apoptosis and improve cardiac function in MI/RI in diabetic rats.CONCLUSION This study indicated the active components and underlying molecular therapeutic mechanisms of SXT in MI/RI with diabetes.Moreover,animal experiments verified that SXT could regulate the level of blood lipids,alleviate cardiomyocyte apoptosis,and improve cardiac function through the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway.