Effects of Polygonatum odoratum Polysaccharide on Reproductive Hormones in Male Rats Fed a High-fat Diet

[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Polygonatum odoratum polysaccharide(POP)on organ relative weights and reproductive hormone levels in male rats fed a high-fat diet.[Methods]Thirty healthy male Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided into two groups according to their body weight:10 in normal control group(Group NC,n=10)and 20 in experimental group(n=20).The rats in experimental group were fed a high-fat diet for eight weeks before they were further randomly divided into two groups:high fat group(Group HF)and high fat+400 mg/(kg·d)POP group(Group HF+POP).In Group HF+POP,the rats were administered with POP for another six weeks,before their blood plasma was collected,and the relative weights of their testis and epididymis were calculated.The plasma levels of testosterone(T),estrogen(E2),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),cortisol(C)and luteinizing hormone(LH)were measured by radioimmunoassay,and the plasma levels of sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG)and insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.[Results]Compared with Group HF,POP could effectively inhibit rat obesity caused by high-fat diets,increase the relative weights of their testis and epididymis,plasma levels of LH,E2,FSH,T,SHBG and IGF-1,and reduce the plasma level of E2.[Conclusions]Polygonatum odoratum polysaccharide(POP)is able to effectively regulate the level of reproductive hormones in high-fat diet fed rats,and helps to protect their reproductive function.

Effects of Polygonatum sibiricum Polysaccharide (PSP) on Inflammatory Factors in Rats Fed on High-fat Diet

[Objectives]This study was conducted to explore the effects of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide(PSP)on chronic intestinal inflammation caused by high-fat diet.[Methods]Thirty five male healthy SD rats were randomly divided into a normal control group(NC,normal diet,n=10)and a high-fat diet group(HF,high-fat diet,n=25).After 8 weeks,an obesity model was established.The HF group was randomly divided into an HF group and a PSP treatment group[PSP,300 mg/(kg·d)].After 6 weeks of intervention with PSP,rat serum was collected,and the spleen and thymus were stripped,and weighed.Serum IgG,IgM,LPS and IL-1βand IL-6 contents were detected by ELISA,and HE staining was adopted to observe the pathological changes of the colon tissue.[Results]PSP reduced the level of LPS caused by high-fat diet and the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α,increased the indexes of the thymus and spleen serving as immune organs,increased IgG and IgM contents,and alleviated pathological damage to the colon tissue caused by high-fat diet.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis and experimental basis for the development of drugs for treating metabolic diseases such as obesity and inflammation.

Target Resistance of Eleusine indica to Glyphosate

[Objectives]This study was conducted to detect the evolution of resistance to glyphosate in Eleusine indica.[Methods]In the previous study,glyphosate-resistant population T2-4 was screened out from E.indica populations in sugarcane fields in Guangxi.In this study,we determined the resistance index of T2-4 by whole plant bioactivity assay and further explored the molecular biological mechanism of resistance.[Results]The resistance index of T2-4 was 112,and it is thus a highly resistant population.Amino acid mutations were found at positions 102,106 and 381 in the EPSPS sequence of T2-4,containing at least a triple mutation allele in Thr-102-Ile,Pro-106-Ser and Pro-381-Leu and a double mutation allele in Pro-106-Ser and Pro-381-Leu.qPCR was used to determine the EPSPS gene copy number and expression in resistant plants of T2-4.EPSPS gene copy number and expression both increased,with 8.3-fold higher copy number and 2.7-fold higher expression than the sensitive population.Therefore,the resistance of T2-4 to glyphosate was mainly caused by multiple target mechanisms including mutation of EPSPS gene,copy number increase and expression increase,and the resistance of E.indica to glyphosate needs our high attention.[Conclusions]At present,the level of resistance to glyphosate is very high in the sugarcane fields of Guangxi,and it is necessary to take a variety of weed control measures to solve the problem of glyphosate resistance.