“实用仪器分析理论”课程思政建设探索与实践

为了贯彻落实习近平总书记的研究生教育工作会议讲话精神,将“全程育人、全方位育人”作为研究生“实用仪器分析理论”课的建设目标。课程将理论联系实际、培养学生严谨治学态度、树立家国情怀等思政元素深度融合到教学过程中。通过教学过程中实践、反馈、提升的循环探索,将对研究生教育理想信念层面的精神指引融入到“润物细无声”的知识教学中。

Gaussian Distance Weighted Algorithm for Geometric Characteristics of Three-Dimensional Discrete Curves

Discrete curves are composed of a set of ordered discrete points distributed at the intersection of the scanning plane and the surface of the object. In order to accurately calculate the geometric characteristics of any point on the discrete curve, a distance-based Gaussian weighted algorithm is proposed to estimate the geometric characteristics of three-dimensional space discrete curves. According to the definition of discrete derivatives, the algorithm fully considers the relative position difference between a specific point and its neighboring points, introduces the distance weighting idea, and integrates the smoothing strategy. The experiment uses two spatial discrete curves for uniform and non-uniform sampling, and compares them with two commonly used estimation algorithms. The comparative analysis is carried out in terms of sampling density, neighborhood radius and noise resistance. The experimental results show that the Gaussian distance weighted algorithm is effective and provides an efficient algorithm for underground pipeline safety detection.

Intelligent Solar Chasing Street Light System Design and Fabrication Summaries

This project adopts an advanced microcontroller as the core control unit,which accurately commands the servo drive,realizes the real-time light chasing and charging function of the solar panel,and effectively manages the power supply system of the street light.At the same time,the system is able to continuously monitor the operation status of the servo within the range of 0°to 180°to ensure that it is trouble-free and not offline.The hardware system construction consists of five modules:a power module,solar panel module,servo module,street light module,and Organic Light-Emitting Diode(OLED)display module.Each module works together to support the stable operation of the whole system.The system workflow is to accurately determine the direction of the light source by collecting real-time light intensity data through four precision photoresistors.Subsequently,the microcontroller intelligently controls the helm module based on these data to drive the solar panel to rotate within a range of 180°to accurately track the sun’s orientation.The street light provides two lighting modes,automatic and manual,to meet the needs of different scenarios.During the daytime,the solar panels work actively to monitor and collect solar energy efficiently in real-time,meanwhile,when night falls,the solar panels switch to standby mode and the streetlights light up automatically,illuminating the road ahead for pedestrians.Compared with the traditional solar street lights on the market,the intelligent solar light chasing road system introduced in this project has significant advantages.Its unique light-chasing algorithm enables the solar panel to continuously track the light source from sunrise to sunset,thus significantly improving the charging efficiency.Compared with traditional street lights,the biggest advantage of this project is the proposed light-chasing algorithm,which can always charge from sunrise until sunset,making the charging efficiency increase by 38%to 47%.The charging efficiency is 20%to 38%higher than that of traditional street lamps.Simultaneously,the biggest advantage of this project is that the power storage capacity is higher than 35%of the traditional solar street light.Bringing users a more durable and stable lighting experience.

Exploration and Practice of“Four Integration and Four Innovation”Specialized and Creative Integration Talent Cultivation Mode:Taking Chongqing Energy Vocational College as an Example

With the release of China Education Modernization 2035,education modernization has become a national strategic goal.In this context,Chongqing Energy Vocational College is actively exploring the“four integration and four innovation”specialized and creative integration talent cultivation mode,aiming at cultivating high-quality talents with innovative spirit and practical skills.This paper analyzes the status quo and challenges of talent cultivation in higher vocational education,puts forward the main practices of innovation-driven,creation and research,cross-border integration,and innovative practice,and has achieved remarkable results.Additionally,it summarizes the experience revelation and provides a reference for other higher vocational colleges and universities.

Analysis of Current Research and Future Development Trends of Applying Solar Energy in Street Lighting

In the context of promoting green energy transition and addressing climate change globally,solar energy,as a clean and renewable energy source,has gradually become a hot topic for research.Solar streetlight systems realize energy self-sufficiency and environment-friendly lighting by integrating photovoltaic power generation technology and efficient LED lighting technology.By comprehensively analyzing the current status of the application of solar streetlights at home and abroad,this paper discusses its technical advantages,market penetration,and challenges in its development.In terms of technical characteristics,this paper focuses on analyzing the key technologies such as energy conversion efficiency and intelligent control systems of solar streetlights.

Foliar K application delays leaf senescence of winter rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) under waterlogging

To better understand waterlogging effect on leaf senescence in winter rapseed (Brassica napus L.) during flowering stage, experiments were designed to explore foliar K application influences on adverse effects of waterlogging stress. Winter rapeseed was sprayed with K after waterlogging at initial flowering stage. Results indicated that waterlogging significantly decreased leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and transpiration rate (Tr). It also declined maximum quantum yield of PS II (Fv/Fm), quantum yield of electron transport (ΦPS II) and photochemical quenching (qP), but increased leaf non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and minimal fluorescence (Fo). Interestingly, exogenous application of K significantly alleviated waterlogging-induced photosynthesis inhibition. Foliar K application increased RuBisCO activation, chlorophyll and soluble protein contents, while significantly decreased MDA content under waterlogging stress. Moreover, K supplementation improved accumulation of K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, N, Zn2+, Mn2+, Fe2+ in leaves. In general, foliar K application is effective inalleviating deleterious effects of waterlogging stress and delays leaf senescence of winter rapeseed.

Continuous compositional spread investigation of SiC-based thin films prepared by MW-ECR plasma enhanced magnetron co-sputtering

A kind of combinatorial material methodology,also known as continuous compositional spread method,was employed to investigate the relationship between the optical band gap and composition of SiC thin films.A wide range of SixCy thin films with different carbon contents have been successfully deposited in a single deposition by carefully arranging the sample position on the substrate holder.The films were characterized by surface profiler,x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy.The carbon content y increases linearly from 0.28 to 0.72 while the sample position changed from 85 to 175 mm,the optical band gap changed between 1.27 and 1.99 eV,the maximum value corresponded to the stoichiometric SiC sample at the position of 130 mm,which has the highest Si?C bond density of 11.7×10^22 cm^-3.The C poor and C rich SixCy samples with y value less and larger than 0.5 were obtained while samples deviated from the position 130 mm,the optical band gap decreased with the Si?C bond density.

Levels and patterns of genetic variation in Pampus minor:Assessment of a mitochondrial DNA control region sequence

Pampus minor is an important commercial fish.Due to the similarity of external morphological characteristics among the genus Pampus species,P.minor has often been identified as the juvenile group of both P.cinereus and P.argenteus.While little genetic background on this species is known,this study was based on control region sequences and provided the first evaluation of the genetic signature of 264 individuals of P.minor from 11 populations along the coasts of China and Malaysia.The results indicate high genetic haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity in this species.Additionally,two differentiated haplotype lineages were identified in the P.minor populations.However,phylogenetic structures corresponding to the geographical locations were unable to be established.Analysis of molecular variance identified a vast majority of the genetic variation occurring within populations.F-statistic test value(FST)of pairwise indicated that great differences existed between the Chinese and Malaysian P.minor populations.For the Chinese populations,the genetic differences were insignificant with the exception of the Xiamen population,which is a marginal population.During the late Pleistocene,a population expansion of P.minor occurred.These expanded populations originated from the glacial refugium in the South China Sea and then rapidly occupied and adapted to their new habitat.The results of this study provide genetic information for ensuring the protection and management of P.minor resources.

Volunteering and Depression among Older Adults: An Empirical Analysis Based on CLASS 2018

Introduction:Older adults are prone to high levels of depression due to their deteriorating physical functions and shrinking social networks after retirement.Volunteering as an important social activity is essential for alleviating depression by building social network.This paper aims to examine the effect of volunteering on depression among older adults by using China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey(CLASS 2018)data.Methods:This study uses descriptive analysis and chi-square tests to show differences in demographic factors of older adults’volun-teerism participation,followed by bivariate correlation analysis to examine the correlation between the vital vari-ables.Afterward,stratified linear regression analysis is used to research the significant level and impact between volunteering and degree of expertise,frequency,and variety of participation.Results:8,459 older adults are included in study.The research reveals that older adults who are younger,live in urban areas,are married,or have a higher degree of education tend to have fewer depressive symptoms.Meanwhile,participation in volun-teering(OR=0.90,95%CI:0.8,1.1,p<0.001),as well as that demands specialized skills(OR=0.51,95%CI:0.30,0.2,p<0.001),more frequency of participation(OR=1.85,95%CI:1.53,2.18,p<0.001),and a wider variety of activities(OR=0.21,95%CI:0.12,0.29,p<0.001),all have a positive influence on depression levels.Discussion/Conclusion:Older adults who participate in voluntary services have lower depression symptoms and should be encouraged to use their professional skills and increase participation frequency and variety in this process.This article suggests that governments should help older adults participate in voluntary services by time bank which will further strengthen social ties,rebuild social networks and alleviate depression symptoms of older adults.

Design of Implant Prosthesis for Bone Injury Repair Considering Stress Shielding Effect

The failure of bone injury repair surgery is mostly due to the stress shielding effect caused by the difference of elastic modulus between the implant prosthesis and human bone,result-ing in a great damage to patients.To solve this problem,in this study,the influencing factors of the elastic modulus of implant prosthesis were investigated,the relationship between the elastic modulus of the implanted prosthesis and the influencing factors was analyzed,and then a design method of the implant prosthesis to reduce the stress shielding effect by adjusting the unit module to control the elastic modulus was established.This method was used for the biomechanical simula-tion to simulate the displacement and stress distribution between the implant prosthesis and the surrounding bone tissue,and then the reliability of the method was verified.The implant prosthe-sis with an elastic modulus consistent with that of the experimental dog bone was made by this method,and used for the animal experiments.The effects of implant prosthesis with different mod-ulus on the growth of surrounding bone tissue were observed,and at the same time,the reliability of the implant design method and the results of biomechanical simulation were verified.It is con-firmed that this method can effectively reduce the stress concentration of implant prosthesis by more than 15.4%and increase the growth of bone tissue by more than 21%.

A Preliminary Study on the Preparation of Monoclonal Antibody with Umbilical Cord Blood Cell

Objective: We conducted a preliminary study on the feasibility of preparing monoclonal antibody by umbilical cord blood cells systems. Methods: Collected umbilical cord blood cells and stimulated by Rubella virus, then incubated them and collected cell supernatant. By using Caprylic acid- saturated Ammonium sulfate method, monoclonal antibody was purified, and IgG subtype identification was conducted by their subtype classification kit of sigma. In traditional way, the preparation of monoclonal antibody cannot do without BABL/C mice and SP2/0 hybridoma cells. Consider this kinds of monoclonal antibody as a positive control, the reactivity and specificity of monoclonal antibodies were identified by Dot-ELISA. Results: By ELISA, we obtained four strains of positive umbilical cord blood cells. After subculture, cryopreservation and resuscitation in vitro, three of them were confirmed to secrete monoclonal antibody against rubella virus stably. The result of monoclonal antibody subtype classification showed that, both IgG1 and IgG2 types were detected. However, the quantity of monoclonal antibody prepared by umbilical cord blood cells was less than that from traditional method. Conclusions: The method of prepare monoclonal antibody using umbilical cord blood cells is feasible.

Relationship between Industrial Coupling Coordination and Carbon Intensity in the Bohai Rim Economic Circle

Coordinated development of new high-tech industries and traditional industries is crucially important for economic growth and environmental sustainability,and it has become a focus of academic and governmental bodies.This study establishes the comprehensive evaluation index system of high-tech industries and traditional industries,and uses the method of principal component analysis,coupling and coupling coordination degree model to determine the level of industry coordinated development.Then,Pearson correlation test is used to further analyze the correlation between regional industrial coupling coordination and carbon intensity of the seven provinces in the Bohai Rim Economic Circle(BREC).The results are as follows.(1)There is a negative correlation between industrial coupling coordination and carbon intensity.(2)The degree of industrial coordination of Beijing,Tianjin,and Shandong is significantly higher than other provinces in the BREC,as both the high-tech industries and traditional industries of these three provinces have reached a high level of development and achieved high coupling.The high-tech industries of the three provinces show positive changes,whereas the traditional industries show negative changes,which indicates that the new high-tech industries are driving the upgrading of the traditional industries by the application of high technologies.(3)From 2011 to 2016,the number of provinces with a low degree of high-tech and traditional industrial coordination fell from three to one.The traditional industries in Hebei and Inner Mongolia have been upgraded by strengthening their technological innovation with the introduction of rapid high-tech industrial development.These findings are a useful reference for regional industrial coupling coordination and carbon emission reduction.

Therapeutic Effect and Mechanism of Jipei Dilong Ointment on Acute Soft Tissue Injury in Rats

[Objectives]This study was conducted to observe the therapeutic effect of Jipei Dilong Ointment on rats with acute soft tissue injury caused by heavy objects and to explore its action mechanism.[Methods]Thirty six rats were randomly divided into six groups(control group,model group,high-dose Jipei Dilong Ointment group(JP-H),medium-dose Jipei Dilong Ointment group(JP-M),low-dose Jipei Dilong Ointment group(JP-L)and diclofenac group).Except for the Control group,other groups were subjected to modeling of acute soft tissue injury by the weight impact method.All administration was performed once a day for nine consecutive days.The local appearance score and activity disorder score were determined after soft tissue injury in rats.HE staining was used to detect the pathological changes of injured soft tissues in rats.RT-PCR was used to detect the relative mRNA expressions of Bax,Bcl-2,MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in injured soft tissues of rats.Western Blot was used to detect the protein expressions of MMP-9,TIMP-1,TLR4,MyD88 and NF-κB p65 in injured soft tissues of rats.Results were statistically analyzed.[Results]Compared with the model group,Jipei Dilong Ointment could significantly improve the appearance symptoms such as swelling and ecchymosis in the injured area and the movement function of the affected limb(P<0.05).It could also improve the infiltration of inflammatory cells and widening of the intermuscular space caused by injury.Among them,the JP-H group and the diclofenac group had more significant curative effects.After 9 d of administration,each administration group could significantly up-regulate the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax mRNA expression level(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 mRNA expression level showed a downward trend(P>0.05).The expression level of NF-κB p65 protein in each administration group was significantly decreased(P<0.01).The protein expression levels of TLR4 and MyD88 and the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 protein expression level in each administration group decreased to varying degrees.Among them,the JP-H group and diclofenac group significantly decreased(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Jipei Dilong Ointment has the functions of relieving pain,swelling and inflammation.It could improve the local appearance,functional activity and tissue morphology of affected limbs in rats,and has a therapeutic effect on acute soft tissue injury in rats.Its mechanism of action might be related to the inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway and the regulation of Bcl-2/Bax and MMP-9/TIMP-1 balance.

Protective Effect and Molecular Mechanism of Shui People's Classic Prescription Jipei Dilong Ointment on Osteoarthritis in Rats

[Objectives]To explore the protective effect and molecular mechanism of Shui People s Classic Prescription Jipei Dilong Ointment on knee osteoarthritis in rats.[Methods]72 SPF male SD rats were divided into control group,model group,Jipei Dilong Ointment high,medium and low dose groups,and positive drug Diclofenac group,with 12 rats in each group.Except the control group,all other groups were injected with 0.2 mL of 2%papain and 0.3%L-cysteine mixture into knee joint cavity to establish osteoarthritis model,while the control group was injected with the same amount of normal saline.The Lequesne MG score was used to determine the success of the model.After successful modeling,external administration was given for 4 weeks.The histopathological changes in articular cartilage and synovium were observed by HE staining;the levels of TNF-α,IL-1βand COX-2 in serum were detected by ELISA,and the relative expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 mRNA in cartilage was detected by qRT-PCR;the relative expression of MMP-9,TIMP-1,TLR4,MyD88 and NF-κB in rat cartilage was detected by Western-blot.[Results]Compared with the model group,Jipei Dilong Ointment could significantly reduce the Lequesne MG score and Mankin s score of arthritic rats(P<0.01);significantly improve the pathological changes in articular cartilage and synovium,reduce tissue edema,necrosis,inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrous tissue proliferation;reduce the expression of MMP-9 mRNA(P<0.01)in different degrees and increase the expression of TIMP-1 mRNA(P<0.01);reduce the relative expression of MMP-9,TLR4,MyD88 and NF-κB protein in different degrees(P<0.01),and significantly increase the relative expression of TIMP-1 protein in cartilage(P<0.01).[Conclusions]Jipei Dilong Ointment can improve the joint injury of osteoarthritis rats,and the mechanism may be related to the regulation of TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway and the ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1.

Discussion on the Infiltration of Experiential Career Education Concept in Biology Teaching in Senior High Schools

Based on the implementation of the new college entrance examination reform policy and the demand of related policies,the choice of subjects for high school students has shifted from the traditional relatively single model of arts and sciences division to the"3+3"model,and the topic of"how to infiltrate the concept of career education in the teaching process of senior high schools"has become increasingly important.However,at present,the implementation of career education in senior high schools is frequently limited,mainly in the form of class meetings,which instills the concept of career education to students.Therefore,the implementation effect is often not satisfactory.Therefore,experiential learning,a novel and efficient learning method,has entered public's view.Based on relevant research literature at home and abroad,we started with the importance and urgency of implementing career education in high schools,and generally reviewed the research status and future development trends of experiential career education both domestically and internationally.The practical and theoretical significance of the research were explained,and relevant concepts were summarized.Finally,strategic suggestions were proposed for integrating experiential career education concepts into biology teaching in ordinary high schools in China.

Brassinosteroids promote seed development and physiological maturity of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)

Long developmental stage and late harvest time of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) have great negative effects on rice planting of rice-rapeseed farming system in China. Early maturity improvement of rapeseed is necessary. ‘Zhongshuang 11’, an elite winter rapeseed cultivar, was used in consecutive field experiments during 2010-2012. At initial flowering stage, plants were consecutively sprayed with 0.1 mg/L 2-4-Epibrassinolide(BR) for 3 d. Two hundred sampling pods from different plants were randomly collected to measure seed related indexes with a 4 d interval from 7 to 47 d after peak anthesis (DAPA).Seed color turned light brown at 31 or 35 DAPA after BR treatment, seed dry weight (DWT)was increased while seed moisture content (SMC) was decreased during seed development.DWT almost reached the maximum value when SMC was 33.20% at 31 DAPA in 2010-2011 and 35.29% at 35 DAPA in 2011-2012 growing season after BR treatment. Similarly,the maximum values of standard germination test (SGT), accelerated aging test (AAT)and cold test (CT) were observed at 31 or 35 DAPA after BR treatment respectively. The high yield and seed oil content appeared at 31 or 35 DAPA accompanied with rapid decrease in total non-structural carbohydrate (TNC) in stems and leaves. Our study indicated that BR application advanced maturity of winter rapeseed by 4 to 8 days.

Helicobacter pylori and immunotherapy for gastrointestinal cancer

Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with the risk of gastrointestinal(GI)cancers;however,its impact on immunotherapy for GI cancers remains uncertain.In this study,we included 10,122 patients who underwent ^(13)C-urea breath tests.Among 636 patients with Epstein-Barr virus–negative microsatellite-stable gastric cancer(GC)who were treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy,H.pylori–positive patients exhibited significantly longer immune-related progression-free survival(irPFS)compared with H.pylori–negative patients(6.97 months versus 5.03 months,p<0.001,hazard ratio[HR]0.76,95%confidence interval[CI]0.62–0.95,p=0.015).Moreover,the H.pylori–positive group demonstrated a trend of 4 months longer median immune-related overall survival(irOS)than the H.pylori–negative group.H.pylori–positive GC displayed higher densities of PD-L1+cells and nonexhausted CD8+T cells,indicative of a“hot”tumor microenvironment.Transcriptomic analysis revealed that H.pylori–positive GC shared molecular characteristics similar to those of immunotherapy-sensitive GC.However,H.pylori–positive patients with DNA mismatch repair–deficient(dMMR)/microsatellite instability–high(MSI-H)colorectal adenocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)had shorter irPFS compared with H.pylori–negative patients(16.13 months versus not reached,p=0.042,HR 2.26,95%CI 1.13–4.50,p=0.021 and 5.57 months versus 6.97 months,p=0.029,HR 1.59,95%CI 1.14–2.23,p=0.006,respectively).The difference in irOS between H.pylori–positive and–negative patients had the same trend as that between dMMR/MSI-H colorectal adenocarcinoma and ESCC patients.We also identified a trend of shorter irPFS and irOS in H.pylori–positive liver cancer and pancreatic cancer patients.In summary,our findings supported that H.pylori infection is a beneficial factor for GC immunotherapy by shaping hot tumor microenvironments.However,in dMMR/MSI-H colorectal adenocarcinoma and ESCC patients,H.pylori adversely affects the efficacy of immunotherapy.

Recent progress in functional metal-organic frameworks for bio-medical application

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have a high specific surface area,adjustable pores and can be used to obtain functional porous materials with diverse and well-ordered structures through coordination and self-assembly,which has intrigued wide interest in a broad range of disciplines.In the arena of biomedical engineering,the functionalized modification of MOFs has produced drug carriers with excellent dispersion and functionalities such as target delivery and response release,with promising applications in bio-detection,disease therapy,tissue healing,and other areas.This review summa-rizes the present state of research on the functionalization of MOFs by physical binding or chemical cross-linking of small molecules.polvmers.bioma romolecules.and hvdrogels and evaluates the role and approach of MOFs functionalization in boosting the reactivity of materials.On this basis,research on the application of functionalized MOFs composites in biomedical engineering fields such as drug delivery,tissue repair,disease treatment,bio-detection and imaging is surveyed,and the development trend and application prospects of functionalized MOFs as an important new class of biomedical materials in the biomedical field are anticipated,which may provide some inspiration and reference for further development of MOF for bio-medical applications.

基于多肽自组装的人工金属酶

模拟酶,又称人工酶,是在分子水平上模拟天然酶活性部位的形状、大小及其微环境等结构特征的分子或分子聚集体。随着纳米科学和超分子技术的发展,构筑具有生物催化活性的超分子模拟酶已经成为科学研究和应用开发领域的热点。肽组装金属酶是以多肽分子为基本单元,在非共价作用力协同作用下形成的超分子组装体。相比其他功能性材料,肽人工金属酶的结构及生物化学性质更接近天然酶,其分子本身更利于修饰改造,且生物相容性和功能性较好,使其在模拟酶方面具有独特优势。本文总结了近年来通过多肽自组装构建人工金属酶的研究进展,重点综述了多肽组装模式、组装体微观结构、超分子结构、金属活性中心微环境以及p H值对模拟酶催化活性的影响。增加自组装微结构的稳定性、增加催化活性以及扩大由人工酶催化的反应类型是肽人工金属酶研究中的主要挑战。构筑更加稳定的肽自组装纳米结构及更加精确的活性中心以模拟天然酶的结构和活性中心是正确的策略。

Analysis of genetic architecture and favorable allele usage of agronomic traits in a large collection of Chinese rice accessions

Genotyping and phenotyping large natural populations provide opportunities for population genomic analysis and genome-wide association studies(GWAS). Several rice populations have been re-sequenced in the past decade;however, many major Chinese rice cultivars were not included in these studies. Here, we report large-scale genomic and phenotypic datasets for a collection mainly comprised of 1,275 rice accessions of widely planted cultivars and parental hybrid rice lines from China. The population was divided into three indica/Xian and three japonica/Geng phylogenetic subgroups that correlate strongly with their geographic or breeding origins. We acquired a total of 146 phenotypic datasets for 29 agronomic traits under multi-environments for different subpopulations. With GWAS, we identified a total of 143 significant association loci, including three newly identified candidate genes or alleles that control heading date or amylose content. Our genotypic analysis of agronomically important genes in the population revealed that many favorable alleles are underused in elite accessions, suggesting they may be used to provide improvements in future breeding efforts. Our study provides useful resources for rice genetics research and breeding.