Effects of Wen Dan Tang on insomnia-related anxiety and levels of the brain-gut peptide Ghrelin

Ghrelin, a brain-gut peptide that induces anxiety and other abnormal emotions, contributes to the effects of insomnia on emotional behavior. In contrast, the traditional Chinese Medi- cine remedy Wen Dan Tang reduces insomnia-related anxiety, which may perhaps correspond to changes in the brain-gut axis. This suggests a possible relationship between Wen Dan Tan^s pharmacological mechanism and the brain-gut axis. Based on this hypothesis, a sleep-deprived rat model was induced and Wen Dan Tang was administered using oral gavage during model es- tablishment. Wen Dan Tang significantly reduced insomnia-related anxiety and prevented Ghrelin level decreases following sleep deprivation, especially in the hypothalamus. Increased expression of Ghrelin receptor mRNA in the hypothalamus was also observed, suggesting that reduced anxi- ety may be a result of Wen Dan Tan＇s regulation of Ghrelin-Ghrelin receptors.

Fusion power supply advances by the J-TEXT engineering team

To meet the stringent requirements of the fusion power supply for large-scale fusion devices,the J-TEXT engineering team has carried out key technology research and applications in several important directions of fusion power supply.This article presents the advances made by the J-TEXT engineering team in recent years in the following areas:(1) a high-voltage power supply for an auxiliary heating system;(2) a breakdown protection device for an auxiliary heating power supply;(3) magnetic field compatibility;(4) a high-voltage pulsed power supply for a fieldreversed configuration;(5) a large physics experimental facility control system.The research backgrounds,technical progress,test results,applications,summaries and prospects are described in detail in each part.These innovative research results and valuable engineering experience can promote the progress of fusion power supply technology,and also lay a foundation for the development of power supplies with higher parameters in the future.

Hypermethylation of GSTM5 and its effect on oxidation in myelodysplastic syndrome

Background:Hypermethylation of glutathione-S-transferase 5(GSTM5)and its effect on oxidation in the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS)were investigated.Methods:GSTM5 methylation was detected in bone marrow(BM)samples from MDS patients,acute myeloid leukemia(AML)patients,and control in-dividuals using methylation-specific PCR and MassARRAY analysis.Bisulfite sequencing PCR was performed to verify methylation levels,while mRNA levels were determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.Correlations between GSTM5 methylation and clinical parameters were analyzed.The MDS cell line,SKM-1,was treated with decitabine,buthionine sulfoximine,or overexpression of GSTM5,and the glutathione level and cell viability were detected.Results:The MassARRAY analysis revealed significant differences in GSTM5 methylation levels between the MDS and control groups.GSTM5 methylation levels were significantly increased in the high-risk subgroup and showed a significant association with MDS progression to AML(hazard ratio=3.6).Levels of GSTM5 mRNA were significantly decreased in the MDS group,exhibiting a negative correlation with the GSTM5 gene methylation level.Normal BM HS-5 cells exhibited significantly lower levels of GSTM5 methylation than SKM-1 cells.Overexpression of GSTM5 in SKM-1 cells or treatment with buthionine sulfoximine or decitabine resul-ted in inhibition of proliferation and significantly decreased glutathione levels.Conclusions:GSTM5 plays an anti-oxidative role in MDS and the tumor suppressor effect of GSTM5 may be mediated by reducing glutathione levels.GSTM5 hypermethylation and low levels of GSTM5 expression may be prog-nostic markers for MDS.

Impact of Influenza and Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccination on Economic Burden from Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Hebei Province,China,November 2018 to November 2020

Summary What is already known on this topic?Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)exacerbations increase household economic burden,but there is limited evidence from prospective cohort studies in China about the impact of vaccination on economic burden.What is added by this report?This study demonstrated the economic burden of COPD exacerbations,pneumonia,and hospitalization in COPD patients in China is substantial.Influenza vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine(PPSV23),separately or together,were significantly associated with decreased economic burden.What are the implications for public health practice?Our study supports evidence on recommendations that COPD patients in China are offered both influenza vaccine and PPSV23.

过敏性哮喘患者上下气道呼出气一氧化氮水平及与肺功能指标的相关性

目的检测过敏性支气管哮喘(哮喘)呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)及鼻呼出气一氧化氮(FnNO)的水平及其与肺功能指标的相关性。方法回顾性研究。以2018年2月至2019年5月开滦总医院就诊行FeNO、FnNO检测者作为研究对象, 其中成人哮喘82例(哮喘组), 非哮喘组43例(对照组)。根据2019年中国过敏性哮喘诊治指南将哮喘组分为过敏性哮喘组和非过敏性哮喘组, 每组41例。分析3组FeNO、FnNO水平及其与哮喘组肺功能指标的相关性。结果 3组中FeNO、FnNO值过敏性哮喘组最高, 非过敏性哮喘组其次, 对照组最低, 3组比较差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.001), 3组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。过敏性哮喘组FeNO值与基础肺功能指标用力肺活量占预计值的百分比(FVC%pred)、第1秒用力呼气量占预计值的百分比(FEV1%pred)、FEV1/FVC、呼气峰流速占预计值的百分比(PEF%pred)、用力呼出25%肺活量的呼气流速占预计值的百分比(FEF25%pred)、FEF50%pred、FEF75%pred、最大呼气中段流量占预计值的百分比均呈负相关(r=-0.454、-0.560、-0.322、-0.519、-0.483、-0.503、-0.442、-0.501, P值均<0.05)。非过敏性哮喘组FeNO值与FEV1、FEV1%pred均呈正相关(r=0.346、0.359, P值均<0.05)。结论 FeNO、FnNO水平在过敏性哮喘患者中明显增高, 过敏性哮喘患者FeNO水平与大小气道肺功能呈负相关, 是反映该类患者气道功能的一个良好指标。

Safety,tolerability,and pharmacokinetics of BAT8001 in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer:An open-label,dose-escalation,phase I study

Background:The introductions of anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2)agents have significantly improved the treatment outcome of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer.BAT8001 is a novel antibodydrug conjugate targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER2)-expressing cells composed of a trastuzumab biosimilar linked to the drug-linker Batansine.This dose-escalation,phase I study was designed to assess the safety,tolerability,pharmacokinetics,and preliminary anti-tumor activity of BAT8001 in patients with HER2-positive locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer.Methods:This trial was conducted in subjects with histologically confirmed HER2-positive breast cancer(having evaluable lesions and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1)using a 3+3 design of escalating BAT8001 doses.Patients received BAT8001 intravenously in a 21-day cycle,with dose escalation in 5 cohorts:1.2,2.4,3.6,4.8,and 6.0 mg/kg.The primary objective was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of BAT8001.Preliminary activity of BAT8001 was also assessed as a secondary objective.Results:Between March 2017 to May 2018,29 HER2-positive breast cancer patients were enrolled.The observed dose-limiting toxicities were grade 4 thrombocytopenia and grade 3 elevated transaminase.The maximum tolerated dose was determined to be 3.6 mg/kg.Grade 3 or greater adverse events(AEs)occurred in 14(48.3%)of 29 patients,including thrombocytopenia in 12(41.4%)patients,aspartate aminotransferase increased in 4(13.8%)patients,γ-glutamyl transferase increased in 2(6.9%)patients,alanine aminotransferase increased in 2(6.9%)patients,diarrhea in 2(6.9%)patients.Objective response was observed in 12(41.4%,95%confidence interval[CI]=23.5%-61.1%)and disease control(including patients achieving objective response and stable disease)was observed in 24(82.8%,95%CI=64.2%-94.2%)patients.Conclusions:BAT8001 demonstrated favorable safety profiles,with promising anti-tumor activity in patients with HER2-positive locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer.BAT8001 has the potential to provide a new therapeutic option in patients with metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer.

TOOR： A Novel Product Title Optimization Method Based on Online Reviews in E-commerce

Titles of online products play an important role in attracting consumers and promoting product sales in e-commerce. However, current online product titles only cover basic features and cannot reflect the preferences of consumers exactly. To address this problem, this research proposed an online title optimization method based on the analysis of online reviews, which is called TOOR （Title Optimization based on Online Reviews）. In this research, we analyzed and compared product features extracted from online product titles and online reviews from the point of view of consumers and applied features extracted from reviews to title optimization. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, two experiments were conducted in this paper, selecting four typical smartphones as experiment samples and Taobao.com as the data resources. The experimental results indicated that features extracted from online reviews can better reflect the consumers＇ concern, and the tires optimized by the TOOR method are more appealing to consumers and have higher click-through rates.

A Novel Customer-Oriented Recommendation System for Paid Knowledge Products

With the rapid development of knowledge pal malto:wangliye@cuc.edu.cn with a large number of knowledge products when purchasing,leading to the need for an effective recommendation system.However,existing recommendation systems cannot accurately and adequately represent paid knowledge products with implicit but specialized features and sparse interactive histories,and thus are deemed not suitable for such products.In this paper,we propose a novel recommendation system for knowledge products,the core of which is the designed customer oriented representation of knowledge products.Specifically,we utilize customer activity information on the free knowledge sharing platform as the knowl-edge document for each customer of paid knowledge products,to extract customer knowledge background and preference.Then,a deep learning based model Doc2vec is adopted to transfer knowledge documents to customer knowledge background vectors.Such vectors of a particular paid knowledge product are further aggregated to a product-level vector for customer-oriented product representation,based on which two recommendation results are generated with product ratings and similarities of paid knowledge prod-ucts,respectively.Extensive comparative experiments are conducted to demonstrate the ffectiveness of the proposed system for the representation and recommendation of paid knowledge products.This paper will contribute to the literature of knowledge payment and recommendation systems,as well as provide practical implications for the information service and the operation of knowledge products on knowledge payment platforms.

Immunogenicity of 23-Valent Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease—Hebei Province,China,September−December,2019

Summary What is already known on this topic?The global burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is serious.Pneumococcal infection is associated with acute exacerbations of COPD(AECOPD).The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine(PPSV23)is recommended for COPD patients to decrease AECOPD due to pneumococcus,but evidence on the immunogenicity of PPSV23 in COPD patients is limited.What is added by this report?

Effects of DOM characteristics from real wastewater on the degradation of pharmaceutically active compounds by the UV/H_(2)O_(2) process

The characteristics of dissolved organic matter(DOM) can significantly affect the degradation of target compounds by the advanced oxidation processes. In this study, the effects of the different hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity fractions, molecular weight(MW) fractions,fluorescence components and molecular components of DOM extracted from municipal wastewater on the degradation of 4 pharmaceutically active compounds(Ph ACs), including carbamazepine, clofibric acid, atenolol and erythromycin by the UV/H_(2)O_(2) process were investigated. The results showed that the degradation rate constants of 4 Ph ACs decreased dramatically in the presence of DOM. The linear regressions of 4 Ph ACs degradation as a function of specific fluorescence intensity(SFI) are exhibited during the degradation of 4Ph ACs and the SFI may be used to evaluate effect of DOM on target compounds in wastewater. The hydrophobic acid(HPO-A) exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on degradation of 4 Ph ACs during oxidation process. The small MW fractions of DOM significantly inhibited the degradation of 4 Ph ACs during oxidation process. Among three fluorescence components,hydrophobic humic-like substances may significantly inhibit the degradation of 4 Ph ACs during oxidation process. At the molecular level, the formulas may be derived from terrestrial sources. CHO compound may significantly inhibit the degradation of 4 Ph ACs during oxidation process on formula classes. The unsaturated hydrocarbons, carbohydrates and tannins compounds may significantly inhibit the effectiveness of the UV/H_(2)O_(2) process on compound classes.