Intestinal failure-associated liver disease(IFALD)is a common complication of long-term parenteral nutrition that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.It is mainly characterized by cholestasis in chi...Intestinal failure-associated liver disease(IFALD)is a common complication of long-term parenteral nutrition that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.It is mainly characterized by cholestasis in children and steatohepatitis in adults.Unfortunately,there is no effective approach to prevent or reverse the disease.Regulated cell death(RCD)represents a fundamental biological paradigm that determines the outcome of a variety of liver diseases.Nowadays cell death is reclassified into several types,based on the mechanisms and morphological phenotypes.Emerging evidence has linked different modes of RCD,such as apoptosis,necroptosis,ferroptosis,and pyroptosis to the pathogenesis of liver diseases.Recent studies have shown that different modes of RCD are present in animal models and patients with IFALD.Understanding the pathogenic roles of cell death may help uncover the underlying mechanisms and develop novel therapeutic strategies in IFALD.In this review,we discuss the current knowledge on how RCD may link to the pathogenesis of IFALD.We highlight examples of cell death-targeted interventions aiming to attenuate the disease,and provide perspectives for future basic and translational research in the field.展开更多
Intestinal failure-associated liver disease(IFALD)is a common hepatobiliary complication resulting from long-term parenteral nutrition(PN)in patients with intestinal failure.The spectrum of IFALD ranges from cholestas...Intestinal failure-associated liver disease(IFALD)is a common hepatobiliary complication resulting from long-term parenteral nutrition(PN)in patients with intestinal failure.The spectrum of IFALD ranges from cholestasis,steatosis,portal fibrosis,to cirrhosis.Development of IFALD is a multifactorial process,in which gut dysbiosis plays a critical role in its initiation and progression in conjunction with increased intestinal permeability,activation of hepatic immune responses,and administration of lipid emulsion.Gut microbiota manipulation including pre/probiotics,fecal microbiota transplantation,and antibiotics has been studied in IFALD with varying success.In this review,we summarize current knowledge on the taxonomic and functional changes of gut microbiota in preclinical and clinical studies of IFALD.We also review the function of microbial metabolites and associated signalings in the context of IFALD.By providing microbiota-targeted interventions aiming to optimize PN-induced liver injury,our review provides perspectives for future basic and translational investigations in the field.展开更多
Considering the bidirectional crosstalk along the gut-liver axis,gut-derived microorganisms and metabolites can be released into the liver,potentially leading to liver injury.In this editorial,we comment on several st...Considering the bidirectional crosstalk along the gut-liver axis,gut-derived microorganisms and metabolites can be released into the liver,potentially leading to liver injury.In this editorial,we comment on several studies published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology.We focus specifically on the roles of gut microbiota in selected gastrointestinal(GI)diseases that are prevalent,such as inflammatory bowel disease,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease,and hepatitis B virus-related portal hypertension.Over the past few decades,findings from both preclinical and clinical studies have indicated an association between compositional and metabolic changes in the gut microbiota and the pathogenesis of the aforementioned GI disorders.However,studies elucidating the mechanisms underlying the host-microbiota interactions remain limited.The purpose of this editorial is to summarize current findings and provide insights regarding the context-specific roles of gut microbiota.Ultimately,the discovery of microbiome-based biomarkers may facilitate disease diagnosis and the development of personalized medicine.展开更多
Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of Fructus lycii in improving exercise fatigue.Methods A network pharmacological approach was used to explore potential mechanisms of actio...Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of Fructus lycii in improving exercise fatigue.Methods A network pharmacological approach was used to explore potential mechanisms of action of Fructus lycii.Skeletal muscle C2C12 cells and immunofluorescence were employed to verify the effect and mechanism of the representative components in Fructus lycii predicted by network pharmacological analysis.Results Six potential active components,namely quercetin,β-sitosterol,stigmasterol,7-Omethylluteolin-6-C-beta-glucoside_qt,atropine,and glycitein,were identified to have potency in improving exercise fatigue via multiple pathways,such as the PI3K-Akt,neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,IL-17,TNF,and MAPK signaling pathways.The immunofluorescence results indicated that quercetin,a significant active component in Fructus lycii,increased the mean staining area of 2-NBDG,TMRM,and MitoTracker,and decreased the area of CellRox compared to the control.Furthermore,the protein expression levels of p-38 MAPK,p-MAPK,p-JNK,p-PI3K,and p-AKT markedly increased after quercetin treatment.Conclusion Fructus lycii might alleviate exercise fatigue through multiple components and pathways.Among these,quercetin appears to improve exercise fatigue by enhancing energy metabolism and reducing oxidative stress.The PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling pathways also appear to play a role in this process.展开更多
In recent years,more and more directors of culture and tourism have taken part in the promotion of local cultural tourism by cross-dressing,talent shows,and pushing their limits on self-media platforms.This study inve...In recent years,more and more directors of culture and tourism have taken part in the promotion of local cultural tourism by cross-dressing,talent shows,and pushing their limits on self-media platforms.This study investigates short videos of Lingnan culture promoted by directors general and deputy directors general of the Culture,Radio,Television,Tourism,and Sports Bureau of counties and cities in Guangdong Province on social media by the method of multimodal critical discourse analysis.The analysis of 33 videos shows that Lingnan culture is a domineering and confident culture,historical culture,graceful and elegant culture,and vibrant and active culture.Domineering and confident culture is embedded in the utterances and behaviors of the directors general or deputy directors general in the video.Historical culture is realized through the conversation with historical figures through time travel.Graceful and elegant culture is constructed in the depiction of sceneries and the depiction of characters’manners.Vibrant and active culture is represented in the depiction of the characters’actional process and analytical process.展开更多
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82100950,81974066)Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(shslczdzk05702).
文摘Intestinal failure-associated liver disease(IFALD)is a common complication of long-term parenteral nutrition that is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.It is mainly characterized by cholestasis in children and steatohepatitis in adults.Unfortunately,there is no effective approach to prevent or reverse the disease.Regulated cell death(RCD)represents a fundamental biological paradigm that determines the outcome of a variety of liver diseases.Nowadays cell death is reclassified into several types,based on the mechanisms and morphological phenotypes.Emerging evidence has linked different modes of RCD,such as apoptosis,necroptosis,ferroptosis,and pyroptosis to the pathogenesis of liver diseases.Recent studies have shown that different modes of RCD are present in animal models and patients with IFALD.Understanding the pathogenic roles of cell death may help uncover the underlying mechanisms and develop novel therapeutic strategies in IFALD.In this review,we discuss the current knowledge on how RCD may link to the pathogenesis of IFALD.We highlight examples of cell death-targeted interventions aiming to attenuate the disease,and provide perspectives for future basic and translational research in the field.
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82100950)Shanghai Natural Sci-ence Foundation(23ZR1452600).
文摘Intestinal failure-associated liver disease(IFALD)is a common hepatobiliary complication resulting from long-term parenteral nutrition(PN)in patients with intestinal failure.The spectrum of IFALD ranges from cholestasis,steatosis,portal fibrosis,to cirrhosis.Development of IFALD is a multifactorial process,in which gut dysbiosis plays a critical role in its initiation and progression in conjunction with increased intestinal permeability,activation of hepatic immune responses,and administration of lipid emulsion.Gut microbiota manipulation including pre/probiotics,fecal microbiota transplantation,and antibiotics has been studied in IFALD with varying success.In this review,we summarize current knowledge on the taxonomic and functional changes of gut microbiota in preclinical and clinical studies of IFALD.We also review the function of microbial metabolites and associated signalings in the context of IFALD.By providing microbiota-targeted interventions aiming to optimize PN-induced liver injury,our review provides perspectives for future basic and translational investigations in the field.
文摘Considering the bidirectional crosstalk along the gut-liver axis,gut-derived microorganisms and metabolites can be released into the liver,potentially leading to liver injury.In this editorial,we comment on several studies published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology.We focus specifically on the roles of gut microbiota in selected gastrointestinal(GI)diseases that are prevalent,such as inflammatory bowel disease,metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease,and hepatitis B virus-related portal hypertension.Over the past few decades,findings from both preclinical and clinical studies have indicated an association between compositional and metabolic changes in the gut microbiota and the pathogenesis of the aforementioned GI disorders.However,studies elucidating the mechanisms underlying the host-microbiota interactions remain limited.The purpose of this editorial is to summarize current findings and provide insights regarding the context-specific roles of gut microbiota.Ultimately,the discovery of microbiome-based biomarkers may facilitate disease diagnosis and the development of personalized medicine.
基金funded by China’s National Key R&D Programmers for“Hi-Tech Winter Olympics”Special Project[2020YFF0305001]。
文摘Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect and underlying mechanism of Fructus lycii in improving exercise fatigue.Methods A network pharmacological approach was used to explore potential mechanisms of action of Fructus lycii.Skeletal muscle C2C12 cells and immunofluorescence were employed to verify the effect and mechanism of the representative components in Fructus lycii predicted by network pharmacological analysis.Results Six potential active components,namely quercetin,β-sitosterol,stigmasterol,7-Omethylluteolin-6-C-beta-glucoside_qt,atropine,and glycitein,were identified to have potency in improving exercise fatigue via multiple pathways,such as the PI3K-Akt,neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,IL-17,TNF,and MAPK signaling pathways.The immunofluorescence results indicated that quercetin,a significant active component in Fructus lycii,increased the mean staining area of 2-NBDG,TMRM,and MitoTracker,and decreased the area of CellRox compared to the control.Furthermore,the protein expression levels of p-38 MAPK,p-MAPK,p-JNK,p-PI3K,and p-AKT markedly increased after quercetin treatment.Conclusion Fructus lycii might alleviate exercise fatigue through multiple components and pathways.Among these,quercetin appears to improve exercise fatigue by enhancing energy metabolism and reducing oxidative stress.The PI3K-AKT and MAPK signaling pathways also appear to play a role in this process.
基金Guangzhou Municipality’s Philosophy and Social Sciences Development“14th Five-Year Plan”2021 Annual Young Scholars Research Project(2021GZQN15)。
文摘In recent years,more and more directors of culture and tourism have taken part in the promotion of local cultural tourism by cross-dressing,talent shows,and pushing their limits on self-media platforms.This study investigates short videos of Lingnan culture promoted by directors general and deputy directors general of the Culture,Radio,Television,Tourism,and Sports Bureau of counties and cities in Guangdong Province on social media by the method of multimodal critical discourse analysis.The analysis of 33 videos shows that Lingnan culture is a domineering and confident culture,historical culture,graceful and elegant culture,and vibrant and active culture.Domineering and confident culture is embedded in the utterances and behaviors of the directors general or deputy directors general in the video.Historical culture is realized through the conversation with historical figures through time travel.Graceful and elegant culture is constructed in the depiction of sceneries and the depiction of characters’manners.Vibrant and active culture is represented in the depiction of the characters’actional process and analytical process.
