目的:探讨Maisonneuve骨折(maisonneuve fractures of the fibula,MFF)的诊断和治疗特点,并评估其手术治疗的临床疗效。方法:自2017年3月至2018年6月,采用手术治疗15例MFF患者,其中男9例,女6例;年龄27~54(35.00±7.46)岁;受伤至手...目的:探讨Maisonneuve骨折(maisonneuve fractures of the fibula,MFF)的诊断和治疗特点,并评估其手术治疗的临床疗效。方法:自2017年3月至2018年6月,采用手术治疗15例MFF患者,其中男9例,女6例;年龄27~54(35.00±7.46)岁;受伤至手术时间5~8(6.33±1.04)d。所有骨折为新鲜闭合性损伤。观察患者术后骨性愈合时间及术后并发症情况,并于术后12个月采用美国足与踝关节协会(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society,AOFAS)评分评价患者术后踝关节功能恢复程度。结果:15例患者获得随访,时间12~28(17.00±3.79)个月。4例发生漏诊。所有骨折获得骨性愈合,时间4~6(4.80±0.94)个月。术后未出现切口感染、骨折延迟愈合或不愈合等并发症。术后12个月AOFAS评分为(90.23±7.27)分;其中优9例,良3例,可3例。结论:MFF是一类严重的不稳定的踝关节损伤类型,容易忽视腓骨高位骨折及下胫腓的分离而造成漏诊误诊,手术治疗可恢复下胫腓联合以及踝穴的解剖学关系,获得较满意的疗效。展开更多
Climate change has led to a substantial increase in intensity and duration of heat waves worldwide.Predicting the ecological impacts of hot events should incorporate both immediate and potential carry-over effects in ...Climate change has led to a substantial increase in intensity and duration of heat waves worldwide.Predicting the ecological impacts of hot events should incorporate both immediate and potential carry-over effects in different intensities of heat waves. Previous studies suggested that higher heat dose in early life stage of insect generally decreased immediate survival and depressed adult reproduction through carry-over effects, or unchanged adult performance through recovery effects. However, our previous study showed a different pattern, in which longer heat exposures in larval stage did not always decrease but sometimes increase the subsequent adult maturation success in the diamondback moth. We speculated that it might be another important pattern in the carry-over effects vs. heat dose, and conducted experiments using a global pest, Plutella xylostella. Our present results suggested that heat exposures in early life stage reduced the immediate survival and produced general declines with significant zigzag fluctuating patterns in subsequent body size and reproduction as exposure durations increased. The similar patterns were also validated in other insect taxa and other stresses by reanalyzing the experiment data from literatures. The finding highlights the importance for differentiating the biological effects and consequences of changes in heat dose at fine scales;daily exposure hours of a hot day should be considered to predict population dynamic under climate change.展开更多
颗粒材料具有非连续、离散性等特征,在进行数值模拟时面临着较大的计算压力。通过将精确缩尺准则和粗粒化方法引入到连续-离散耦合(combined finite-discrete element method,FDEM)方法中,旨在为加速基于FDEM的颗粒材料数值模拟提供一...颗粒材料具有非连续、离散性等特征,在进行数值模拟时面临着较大的计算压力。通过将精确缩尺准则和粗粒化方法引入到连续-离散耦合(combined finite-discrete element method,FDEM)方法中,旨在为加速基于FDEM的颗粒材料数值模拟提供一种解决方案。基于精确缩尺和粗粒化等理论,推导了FDEM中应遵循的精确缩尺准则,在此基础上分别进行了等粒径颗粒体系及二元颗粒体系的三轴剪切数值试验。试验结果表明,在未引入精确缩尺准则时,粗粒化模型表现的力学响应特征会发生改变,结果出现失真,因此必须对粗粒化模型参数进行修正。引入精确缩尺准则后,粗粒化模型的力学响应特征会得到补正。试验结果论证了FDEM引入精确缩尺准则和粗粒化方法的有效性,即能在近似原始颗粒体系的条件下大幅度提升采用FDEM进行颗粒材料数值模拟的计算效率。基于数值试验结果进行了宏细观力学分析,宏观应力变形和细观接触力相互映证,揭示了精确缩尺和粗粒化方法的细观力学机理。展开更多
文摘目的:探讨Maisonneuve骨折(maisonneuve fractures of the fibula,MFF)的诊断和治疗特点,并评估其手术治疗的临床疗效。方法:自2017年3月至2018年6月,采用手术治疗15例MFF患者,其中男9例,女6例;年龄27~54(35.00±7.46)岁;受伤至手术时间5~8(6.33±1.04)d。所有骨折为新鲜闭合性损伤。观察患者术后骨性愈合时间及术后并发症情况,并于术后12个月采用美国足与踝关节协会(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society,AOFAS)评分评价患者术后踝关节功能恢复程度。结果:15例患者获得随访,时间12~28(17.00±3.79)个月。4例发生漏诊。所有骨折获得骨性愈合,时间4~6(4.80±0.94)个月。术后未出现切口感染、骨折延迟愈合或不愈合等并发症。术后12个月AOFAS评分为(90.23±7.27)分;其中优9例,良3例,可3例。结论:MFF是一类严重的不稳定的踝关节损伤类型,容易忽视腓骨高位骨折及下胫腓的分离而造成漏诊误诊,手术治疗可恢复下胫腓联合以及踝穴的解剖学关系,获得较满意的疗效。
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31501630 and 31471764)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015M580156)the earmarked fund of China Agriculture Research System (CARS-29-bc-4)
文摘Climate change has led to a substantial increase in intensity and duration of heat waves worldwide.Predicting the ecological impacts of hot events should incorporate both immediate and potential carry-over effects in different intensities of heat waves. Previous studies suggested that higher heat dose in early life stage of insect generally decreased immediate survival and depressed adult reproduction through carry-over effects, or unchanged adult performance through recovery effects. However, our previous study showed a different pattern, in which longer heat exposures in larval stage did not always decrease but sometimes increase the subsequent adult maturation success in the diamondback moth. We speculated that it might be another important pattern in the carry-over effects vs. heat dose, and conducted experiments using a global pest, Plutella xylostella. Our present results suggested that heat exposures in early life stage reduced the immediate survival and produced general declines with significant zigzag fluctuating patterns in subsequent body size and reproduction as exposure durations increased. The similar patterns were also validated in other insect taxa and other stresses by reanalyzing the experiment data from literatures. The finding highlights the importance for differentiating the biological effects and consequences of changes in heat dose at fine scales;daily exposure hours of a hot day should be considered to predict population dynamic under climate change.
文摘颗粒材料具有非连续、离散性等特征,在进行数值模拟时面临着较大的计算压力。通过将精确缩尺准则和粗粒化方法引入到连续-离散耦合(combined finite-discrete element method,FDEM)方法中,旨在为加速基于FDEM的颗粒材料数值模拟提供一种解决方案。基于精确缩尺和粗粒化等理论,推导了FDEM中应遵循的精确缩尺准则,在此基础上分别进行了等粒径颗粒体系及二元颗粒体系的三轴剪切数值试验。试验结果表明,在未引入精确缩尺准则时,粗粒化模型表现的力学响应特征会发生改变,结果出现失真,因此必须对粗粒化模型参数进行修正。引入精确缩尺准则后,粗粒化模型的力学响应特征会得到补正。试验结果论证了FDEM引入精确缩尺准则和粗粒化方法的有效性,即能在近似原始颗粒体系的条件下大幅度提升采用FDEM进行颗粒材料数值模拟的计算效率。基于数值试验结果进行了宏细观力学分析,宏观应力变形和细观接触力相互映证,揭示了精确缩尺和粗粒化方法的细观力学机理。
