Objective To develop a rapid,highly sensitive quantitative method for detecting P24 antigen based on near-infrared fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography.Methods First,we prepared a lateral flow assay test strip...Objective To develop a rapid,highly sensitive quantitative method for detecting P24 antigen based on near-infrared fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography.Methods First,we prepared a lateral flow assay test strip,and labeled the detection antibody using a fluorescent microsphere.Second,we optimized the antibody labeling conditions.Third,we optimized the detection conditions.Fourth,we created a working curve.Fifth,we conducted a methodological assessment of the established fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography method.Sixty-six clinical samples were tested,and we compared the established fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography with the quantitative ELISA method.Results According to the working curve,the detection limit of the method is 3.4 pg/mL,and the detection range is 3.4 pg/mL to 10 ng/mL.The average intra-assay recovery was 99.6%,and the Coefficient of Variation(CV)was 5.4%–8.6%;the average inter-assay recovery was 97.3%,and the CV was 8.5%–11%.The detection rate of fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography was higher than ELISA method,and had a good correlation with ELISA.Conclusion The P24 antigen quantitative detection method based on near-infrared fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography has the advantages of rapid detection,high sensitivity,and wide detection range;thus,it is suitable for early clinical diagnosis and continuous monitoring of AIDS.展开更多
Water resources are a crucial factor that determines the health of ecosystems and socio-economic development;however,they are under threat due to climate change and human activities.The quantitative assessment of wate...Water resources are a crucial factor that determines the health of ecosystems and socio-economic development;however,they are under threat due to climate change and human activities.The quantitative assessment of water resources using the concept of blue water and green water can improve regional water resources management.In this study,spatiotemporal distributions of blue water and green water were simulated and analyzed under scenarios of climate change and land-use changes using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Northwest China,between 2009 and 2014.Green water,a leading component of water resources,accounted for more than 69.00%of the total water resources in Ningxia.Blue water and green water showed a single peak trend on the monthly and annual scales during the study period.On the spatial scale,the southern region of Ningxia showed higher blue water and green water resources than the northern region.The spatiotemporal distribution features of blue water,green water,and green water flow had strong correlations with precipitation.Furthermore,the simulation identified the climate change in Ningxia to be more influential on blue water and green water than land-use changes.This study provides a specific scientific foundation to manage water resources in Ningxia when encountered with climate change together with human activities.展开更多
During hard cutting process there is severe thermodynamic coupling effect between cutting tool and workpiece, which causes quenching effect on finished surfaces under certain conditions. However, material phase transf...During hard cutting process there is severe thermodynamic coupling effect between cutting tool and workpiece, which causes quenching effect on finished surfaces under certain conditions. However, material phase transformation mechanism of heat treatment in cutting process is different from the one in traditional process, which leads to changes of the formation mechanism of damaged layer on machined workpiece surface. This paper researches on the generation mechanism of damaged layer on machined surface in the process of PCBN tool hard cutting hardened steel Cr12MoV. Rules of temperature change on machined surface and subsurface are got by means of finite element simulation. In phase transformation temperature experiments rapid transformation instrument is employed, and the effect of quenching under cutting conditions on generation of damaged layer is revealed. Based on that, the phase transformation points of temperature under cutting conditions are determined. By experiment, the effects of cutting speed and tool wear on white layer thickness in damaged layer are revealed. The temperature distribution law of third deformation zone is got by establishing the numerical prediction model, and thickness of white layer in damaged layer is predicted, taking the tool wear effect into consideration. The experimental results show that the model prediction is accurate, and the establishment of prediction model provides a reference for wise selection of parameters in precise hard cutting process. For the machining process with high demanding on surface integrity, the generation of damaged layer on machined surface can be controlled precisely by using the prediction model.展开更多
Fabrication and characterization of electro-optic modulators based on the novel organic electro-optic materials composed of self-assembled superlattices (SAS) were presented, both wet-dipping self-assembly and vapor p...Fabrication and characterization of electro-optic modulators based on the novel organic electro-optic materials composed of self-assembled superlattices (SAS) were presented, both wet-dipping self-assembly and vapor phase deposition approaches were discussed. Prototype waveguide electro-optic modulators were fabricated using SAS films integrated with low-loss polymeric materials functioning as partial guiding and cladding layers.Promising electro-optic thin film materials including DTPT and PEPCOOH grown from the vapor phase were used for fabrication and test of electro-optic prototype modulators. Finally,the EO coefficient of tens of pm/V was obtained,which can sufficiently support high-speed and small size EO modulators.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[no.21677006]National Key Research and Development Project[2017YFC1200500].
文摘Objective To develop a rapid,highly sensitive quantitative method for detecting P24 antigen based on near-infrared fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography.Methods First,we prepared a lateral flow assay test strip,and labeled the detection antibody using a fluorescent microsphere.Second,we optimized the antibody labeling conditions.Third,we optimized the detection conditions.Fourth,we created a working curve.Fifth,we conducted a methodological assessment of the established fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography method.Sixty-six clinical samples were tested,and we compared the established fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography with the quantitative ELISA method.Results According to the working curve,the detection limit of the method is 3.4 pg/mL,and the detection range is 3.4 pg/mL to 10 ng/mL.The average intra-assay recovery was 99.6%,and the Coefficient of Variation(CV)was 5.4%–8.6%;the average inter-assay recovery was 97.3%,and the CV was 8.5%–11%.The detection rate of fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography was higher than ELISA method,and had a good correlation with ELISA.Conclusion The P24 antigen quantitative detection method based on near-infrared fluorescent microsphere immunochromatography has the advantages of rapid detection,high sensitivity,and wide detection range;thus,it is suitable for early clinical diagnosis and continuous monitoring of AIDS.
基金This study was funded by the Science and Technology Innovation Funds of Gansu Agricultural University for Special Funds for Discipline Construction,China(GAU-XKJS-2018-203)the Supporting Funds for Youth Mentor of Gansu Agricultural University,China(GAU-QDFC-2018-17)+1 种基金the Innovation Fund of Colleges and Universities in Gansu Province,China(2021A-061)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu province(20JR10RA543).
文摘Water resources are a crucial factor that determines the health of ecosystems and socio-economic development;however,they are under threat due to climate change and human activities.The quantitative assessment of water resources using the concept of blue water and green water can improve regional water resources management.In this study,spatiotemporal distributions of blue water and green water were simulated and analyzed under scenarios of climate change and land-use changes using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,Northwest China,between 2009 and 2014.Green water,a leading component of water resources,accounted for more than 69.00%of the total water resources in Ningxia.Blue water and green water showed a single peak trend on the monthly and annual scales during the study period.On the spatial scale,the southern region of Ningxia showed higher blue water and green water resources than the northern region.The spatiotemporal distribution features of blue water,green water,and green water flow had strong correlations with precipitation.Furthermore,the simulation identified the climate change in Ningxia to be more influential on blue water and green water than land-use changes.This study provides a specific scientific foundation to manage water resources in Ningxia when encountered with climate change together with human activities.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.51105119,51235003)
文摘During hard cutting process there is severe thermodynamic coupling effect between cutting tool and workpiece, which causes quenching effect on finished surfaces under certain conditions. However, material phase transformation mechanism of heat treatment in cutting process is different from the one in traditional process, which leads to changes of the formation mechanism of damaged layer on machined workpiece surface. This paper researches on the generation mechanism of damaged layer on machined surface in the process of PCBN tool hard cutting hardened steel Cr12MoV. Rules of temperature change on machined surface and subsurface are got by means of finite element simulation. In phase transformation temperature experiments rapid transformation instrument is employed, and the effect of quenching under cutting conditions on generation of damaged layer is revealed. Based on that, the phase transformation points of temperature under cutting conditions are determined. By experiment, the effects of cutting speed and tool wear on white layer thickness in damaged layer are revealed. The temperature distribution law of third deformation zone is got by establishing the numerical prediction model, and thickness of white layer in damaged layer is predicted, taking the tool wear effect into consideration. The experimental results show that the model prediction is accurate, and the establishment of prediction model provides a reference for wise selection of parameters in precise hard cutting process. For the machining process with high demanding on surface integrity, the generation of damaged layer on machined surface can be controlled precisely by using the prediction model.
文摘Fabrication and characterization of electro-optic modulators based on the novel organic electro-optic materials composed of self-assembled superlattices (SAS) were presented, both wet-dipping self-assembly and vapor phase deposition approaches were discussed. Prototype waveguide electro-optic modulators were fabricated using SAS films integrated with low-loss polymeric materials functioning as partial guiding and cladding layers.Promising electro-optic thin film materials including DTPT and PEPCOOH grown from the vapor phase were used for fabrication and test of electro-optic prototype modulators. Finally,the EO coefficient of tens of pm/V was obtained,which can sufficiently support high-speed and small size EO modulators.
