泪液蛋白质组学分析在眼部疾病中的应用及研究进展

泪液由泪腺及副泪腺分泌,主要通过眼睑和瞬目运动构成泪膜的水样层。泪液的蛋白质组学等研究是当前面临的难点也是热点,其主要目的是研究眼部疾病甚至部分全身疾病的代表其特异性和高敏感性的易检测出的生物标志物,以提高临床疾病的诊断和监测,还可通过识别疾病的靶点促进个性化治疗以及改善预后,并可以设计有针对性的后续实验了解疾病分子机制。在眼部疾病和部分全身疾病中或比血液、尿液、脑脊液等现有常规体液检查更有应用前景的标本检测。目前大量研究表明很多疾病在泪液中有成分的变化,本文就应用蛋白质组学的方法探讨眼部疾病在泪液中的蛋白质成分变化进行综述。

Research progress of natural antioxidants in foods for the treatment of diseases

A large amount of free radicals can be generated in human body during metabolic process.These free radicals can result in oxidative stress and homeostasis imbalance,even some chronic diseases and cancers if they are not promptly removed.Currently,many studies devote to exploring and utilizing natural antioxidants to remove excessive free radicals in human body,thus realizing the prevention and treatment of diseases.In the present study,the major species of natural antioxidants in foods that are benefit for the prevention and treatments of diseases have been summarized.Meanwhile,the research progress and future development have also been proposed.All of these studies,on the one hand,can provide a theoretical basis for the development of drugs and healthy foods;on the other hand,can offer novel development ideas for food industry,especially for food additive industry.

A comparative study on water and dry coupling in photoacoustic tomography of the finger joints

We present a systematical study on comparison between water and dry coupling in photoacoustic tomography of the humanfinger joints.Compared to the direct water immersion of thefinger for water coupling,the dry coupling is realized through a transparent PDMSfilm-based water bag,which ensures water-free contact with the skin.The results obtained suggest that the dry cou-pling provides image quality comparable to that by water coupling while eliminating the wrin-kling of thefinger joint caused by the water immersion.In addition,the dry coupling offers more stable hemodynamic images than the water coupling as the water immersion of thefinger joint causes reduction in blood vessel size.

Dearomatized Isoprenylated Acylphloroglucinol Derivatives with Potential Antitumor Activities from Hypericum henryi

A series of dearomatized isoprenylated acylphloroglucinols derivatives,hyperhenols A-E(1-5),as well as seven known analogues(6-12),were characterized from Hypericum henryi.Their structures were determined by combination of NMR,ECD spectroscopy,and X-ray difraction analysis.Compounds 1 and 6-8 were tested to exhibit potential antitumor properties,of which 6 and 7 inhibited cell growth through inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.In addition,these compounds could induce autophagy and PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in cancer cell lines,as well as suppress lung cancer A549 cells metastasis in vitro.

A targeted QTL analysis for fiber length using a genetic population between two introgressed backcrossed inbred lines in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum)

Cotton fiber is the most important natural raw material for the textile industry, and fiber length(FL) is one of the most important traits in cotton.Quantitative trait locus(QTL)mapping based on high-density genetic maps is an efficient approach to identify genetic regions for FL.In our study, two backcrossed inbred lines(BILs) were chosen as parents to construct a high-density genetic map in F2 which was used to fine map FL QTL in F2:3 population.The genetic map had a total size of 3462.8 cM, containing 9182 singlenucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) based on genotyping-by-sequencing.Two FL related stable QTL were identified on two chromosomes(qFL-A08–1 on A08 and qFL-D03–1 on D03),and qFL-A08–1 was confirmed by a meta-analysis.Utilizing previously obtained RNA-seq data for the two BILs and qRT-PCR analysis, two candidate genes annotated as cytochrome b5(CB5, Gh_A08 G1729) and microtubule end-binding 1 C(EB1C, Gh_D03 G0232) that may regulate FL during the fiber elongation stage were identified.In addition, nine recombination hotspots in this population were found.The results of this study will provide an important foundation for further studies on the molecular and genetic regulation of fiber elongation.

A comparative analysis of small RNAs between two Upland cotton backcross inbred lines with different fiber length: Expression and distribution

The cotton fiber is the most important raw material for the textile industry and an ideal model system for studying cell elongation. However, the genetic variation of fiber elongation in relation to miRNA is poorly understood. A high-throughput comparative RNA-seq of two lines differing in fiber length(FL) from a backcross inbred line(BIL)population of G. hirsutum × G. barbadense revealed differentially expressed(DE) miRNAs and their targets in rapidly elongating fibers. A real-time quantitative PCR analysis was further performed to validate the results. A total of 463(including 47 DE) miRNAs were identified,and seven DE miRNAs were co-localized with seven FL quantitative trait loci(QTL)identified in the G. hirsutum × G. barbadense population. Of 82(including 21 DE) targets identified, nine(including one DE) were also co-localized with the seven FL QTL. The relationship between the allopolyploid and its diploid ancestral species with respect to miRNAs and their targets was also characterized. These results will facilitate the understanding of the molecular genetic mechanism of fiber elongation with regards to miRNAs in cotton.

The effect of the Ce content on the oxidative dehydrogenation of propane over CrOy-CeO2/γ-Al2O3 catalysts

A series of CrOy(17.5 wt%)-CeO2(X wt%)/γ-Al2O3 catalysts(X=0,0.5,2,5,8)with various Ce contentswere prepared by a wetness impregnation method and were applied to the dehydrogenation of propane to propylene at 550℃ and 0.1 MPa.The prepared catalysts were characterized by BET,H2-TPR,O2-TPD,XPS,XRD,SEM-EDS and Raman spectroscopy.Among the prepared catalysts,the 17.5Cr-2Ce/Al catalyst with the largest amount of lattice oxygen exhibited the best catalytic performance for the dehydrogenation of propane to propylene with lattice oxygen.The decreased presence of oxygen defects and reducibility were the factors responsible for the improved dehydrogenation activity of the catalysts.The CeO2 layer could inhibit the evolution of lattice oxygen(O2^−)to electrophilic oxygen species(O2^−),and the oxygen defects on the catalyst surfacewere reduced.The inhibited lattice oxygen evolution prevented the deep oxidation of propane or propylene,the average COx selectivity decreased from 24.41%(17.5Cr/Al)to 5.71%(17.5Cr-2Ce/Al),and the average propylene selectivity increased from 60.15%(17.5Cr/Al)to 85.05%(17.5Cr-2Ce/Al).

Synergistic Ru/RuO_(2) heterojunctions stabilized by carbon coating as efficient and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for acidic overall water splitting

The development of highly active and stable acidic water oxidation electrocatalysts is of great significant for promoting the industrial application of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers.Ru-based catalysts have broad application prospects in acidic water oxidation,but their limitations in stability and activity hinder their further application.Herein,a nitrogen-doped carbon(NC)coated porous Ru/RuO_(2) heterojunctional hollow sphere(Ru/RuO_(2)/NC)is designed as high-active and stable bifunctional electrocatalyst for acidic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).In synthesis,the key is to use mesoporous polydopamine spheres as a template for forming hollow spheres,a source of NC coating and a reducing agent for forming Ru/RuO_(2) heterojunction.The Ru/RuO_(2) heterojunction adjusts the electronic structure of Ru active sites,optimizing the adsorption of intermediate species.Furthermore,the NC coating and the interaction between NC and Ru/RuO_(2) effectively prevent Ru from over-oxidation and dissolution.The porous hollow structure provides more exposed active sites and promotes mass transfer.Impressively,Ru/RuO_(2)/NC exhibits outstanding OER and HER performance with low overpotentials of 211 and 32 mV at 10 mA·cm^(−2),respectively,and shows excellent stability.The acid water splitting electrolyzer,based on the bifunctional Ru/RuO_(2)/NC,requires low cell voltages of 1.46 and 1.76 V at 10 and 100 mA·cm^(−2),respectively,with good stability for over 100 h operation,surpassing Pt/C||RuO_(2) and most of the reported catalysts.

赋值环上的Suslin稳定性定理

本文证明了赋值环上的Suslin稳定性定理,研究并得到:当n3时,任意赋值环V上的特殊线性群SL_(n)(V[x])可以由该环上初等矩阵群E_(n)(V[x])生成,即SL_(n)(V[x])中每一个矩阵都可以分解成初等矩阵的乘积.进一步证明了,对于任意算术环R,当n3时,SL_(n)(R[x])=SL_(n)(R)·E_(n)(R[x]).

Associations of muscle mass,strength,and quality with all-cause mortality in China:a population-based cohort study

Background It remains unclear about the association of muscle mass,strength,and quality with death in the general Chinese population of diverse economical and geographical backgrounds.The present study aimed to comprehensively examine such associations across different regions in China.Methods Based on the China Kadoorie Biobank study,the present study included 23,290 participants who were aged 38 to 88 years and had no prevalent cardiovascular diseases or cancer.Muscle mass and grip strength were measured using calibrated instruments.Arm muscle quality was defined as the ratio of grip strength to arm muscle mass.Low muscle mass,grip strength,and arm muscle quality were defined as the sex-specific lowest quintiles of muscle mass index,grip strength,and arm muscle quality,respectively.Cox proportional hazards models yielded hazard ratios(HRs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)for risks of all-cause mortality in relation to muscle mass,strength,and quality.Results During a median follow-up of 3.98 years,739 participants died.The HR(95%CI)of all-cause mortality risk was 1.28(1.08–1.51)for low appendicular muscle mass index,1.38(1.16–1.62)for low total muscle mass index,1.68(1.41–2.00)for low grip strength,and 1.41(1.20–1.66)for low arm muscle quality in models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics,lifestyle factors,and medical histories.Conclusion Low muscle mass,grip strength,and arm muscle quality are all associated with short-term increased risks of mortality,indicating the importance of maintaining normal muscle mass,strength,and quality for general Chinese adults.

3D-printable supramolecular hydrogels with shear-thinning property: fabricating strength tunable bioink via dual crosslinking

3-dimensional(3D)bioprinting technology provides promising strategy in the fabrication of artificial tissues and organs.As the fundamental element in bioprinting process,preparation of bioink with ideal mechanical properties without sacrifice of biocompatibility is a great challenge.In this study,a supramolecular hydrogel-based bioink is prepared by polyethylene glycol(PEG)grafted chitosan,α-cyclodextrin(α-CD)and gelatin.It has a primary crosslinking structure through the aggregation of the pseudo-polyrotaxane-like side chains,which are formed from the host-guest interactions betweenα-CD and PEG side chain.Apparent viscosity measurement shows the shear-shinning property of this bioink,which might be due to the reversibility of the physical crosslinking.Moreover,withβ-glycerophosphate at different concentrations as the secondary crosslinking agent,the printed constructs demonstrate different Young's modulus(p<0.001).They could also maintain the Young's modulus in cell culture condition for at least 21 days(p<0.05).By co-culturing each component with fibroblasts,CCK-8 assay demonstrate cellular viability is higher than 80%.After bioprinting and culturing,immunofluorescence staining with quantification indicate the expression of Ki-67,Paxillin,and N-cadherin is higher in day 14 than those in day 3(p<0.05).Oil red O and Nissl body specific staining reflect strength tunable bioink may have impact on the cell fate of mesenchymal stem cells(p<0.05).This work might provide new idea for advanced bioink in the application of re-establishing complicated tissues and organs.

Graphene/MoS_(2)heterostructure:a robust mid-infrared optical modulator for Er^(3+)-doped ZBLAN fiber laser

We have prepared the graphene∕MoS_(2) heterostructure by a hydrothermal method,and presented its nonlinear absorption parameters and application as a nonlinear optical modulator in the mid-infrared region.Using the nonlinear optical modulator,stable passively Q-switched operation of an Er^(3+)-doped ZrF_(4)-BaF_(2)-LaF_(3)-AlF_(3)-NaF(ZBLAN)fiber laser at~2.8μm can be obtained.The Q-switched Er^(3+)-doped ZBLAN fiber laser can yield per-pulse energy up to 2.2μJ with the corresponding pulse width and pulse repetition rate of 1.9μs and 45 kHz,respectively.Our results indicate that the graphene∕MoS_(2) heterostructure can be a robust optical modulator for pulsed lasers in the mid-infrared spectral range.

Preparation of Bi-2212/YBCO heterostructure and their interfacial characters

YBa_(2)Cu_(3)O_(7‐x)(YBCO)thin films were prepared on LaAlO_(3)(LAO)substrates by a sol–gel method,and the epitaxial growth of Bi‐2212 thin films on YBCO thin films was investigated.Both YBCO and Bi_(2)Sr_(2)Ca1Cu_(2)O_(8)+δ(Bi‐2212)bilayer films exhibit good biaxial texture and superconducting properties.Afterward,a cross‐shaped Bi‐2212/YBCO heterostructure was fabricated,and its interfacial atomic arrangement and I‐V characteristics were analyzed.Atomic‐resolution STEM images obtained from a spherical‐aberration‐corrected transmission electron microscope show that two superconducting films exhibit a layered structure and the atoms inside the films are artfully arranged.Moreover,the order of the seven atomic layers between Bi‐2212 and YBCO layers with a thickness of about 1.32 nm is misarranged.Among them,the Y‐O layer of YBCO and the Sr‐O layer of Bi‐2212 share a CuO_(2) layer.The I‐V curves of Bi‐2212/YBCO bilayer films show that the seven misarranged atomic layers at Bi‐2212/YBCO interface acts as a barrier layer,which means that a Josephson junction can be fabricated using this interface characters.