快速眼动期睡眠剥夺诱导大鼠焦虑相关自我修饰行为及血清5-HT浓度的研究

目的观察快速眼动期(REM)睡眠剥夺诱导大鼠焦虑相关自我修饰行为指标以及与血清5-羟色胺(5-HT)浓度的相关性。方法将24只大鼠随机分为睡眠剥夺组和对照组,每组12只。对照组大鼠常规饲养,不予干扰睡眠;睡眠剥夺组采用改良的多平台水环境法,通过72 h REM睡眠剥夺诱导大鼠焦虑样行为。造模前后两组均进行旷场(OF)试验,造模后两组通过高架O迷宫(EOM)试验和自我修饰行为分析进行焦虑的量化评定,并检测血清5-HT浓度。结果造模前,睡眠剥夺组水平和垂直分数与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);造模后睡眠剥夺组水平和垂直分数均明显低于对照组(均P<0.01);睡眠剥夺组进入闭合臂次数多于对照组,进入开放臂次数的百分比低于对照组(均P<0.05);睡眠剥夺组错误的转换次数(IT)、中断修饰的次数、错误的转换百分比(IT%)和中断梳理的百分比均较对照组为高(均P<0.01);对照组血清5-HT浓度高于睡眠剥夺组,睡眠剥夺组IT%与5-HT浓度之间存在负向相关性(P<0.05)。结论REM睡眠剥夺诱导了焦虑样行为,且其中自我修饰行为参数与血清5-HT浓度存在一定相关性。

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者主观睡眠质量的性别差异及影响因素

目的通过比较男性和女性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者的主观睡眠质量及相关因素,了解OSAHS主观睡眠质量的性别差异及其影响因素。方法纳入2019年1月至2020年5月至我院睡眠障碍科诊断OSAHS的82例男性及31例女性患者,通过量表评估主观睡眠质量(PSQI)、焦虑程度(GAD-7)、抑郁程度(PHQ-9)、躯体症状(PHQ-15)、嗜睡程度(ESS)。结果男性患者的年龄(47.0岁)比女性患者年轻(56.3岁),BMI(27.0 kg/m2)高于女性(24.7 kg/m2),AHI(18.5次/h)高于女性(11.7次/h),最长呼吸暂停时间(48.0 s)高于女性(33.0 s),平均呼吸暂停时间(24.5 s)高于女性(19.0 s),最低血氧饱和度(82.5%)低于女性(86.0%);女性患者主观睡眠质量(PSQI=16分)比男性(PSQI=13分)更差,嗜睡(ESS=5分)不如男性(ESS=7分)明显,两组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。年龄层(B=0.804)、抑郁程度(B=1.314)、躯体症状(B=1.159)能预测男性患者主观睡眠质量,躯体症状(B=3.288)、最长低通气时间(B=0.173)预测女性患者主观睡眠质量。结论OSAHS患者男女性主观睡眠质量存在差异。男性高龄、抑郁情绪、躯体症状多预测更差的主观睡眠质量;女性躯体症状多、最长低通气时间长预测更差的主观睡眠质量。

基于未知故障模型的多重持续故障分析

持续故障分析是2018年提出的一种新型故障分析技术,该技术引起了国内外学者的广泛关注。目前虽然已经提出了各种针对不同密码系统的相关分析方法,但针对未知故障数量的故障模型的研究仍然一片空白。然而这是一种更为实际的攻击条件,尤其在多故障时,攻击者难以控制原始值集合与故障值集合没有重合。基于此,文章提出一种相对宽松的故障模型下的多重持续故障分析模型。攻击者无需知道任何关于故障值、位置,甚至数量的信息。充分利用持续故障在所有加密过程中保持不变的特性,利用密文不同字节的结果缩小故障值范围,最终达到恢复密钥的目的。理论证明和仿真实验验证了分析模型的有效性。以AES-128算法为例,在仅密文的条件下仅使用150条密文就可以将候选密钥数量控制在很小的范围内,攻击成功率为99%以上,有效减少了所需密文数量。当频繁更换密钥后,成功通过增加循环轮数恢复密钥,显著降低了攻击难度。

一流地方应用型学院多元转型发展路径探讨

向应用型转型,是部分地方应用型学院创建地方高水平大学的必由之路。按照知识应用的深度与广度,地方应用型学院可以进行地方应用技能学院、地方应用技术学院、地方应用研究学院、地方创业大学等多元转型发展类型定位,避免地方普通本科高校在向应用型转型过程中,从一种同质化办学走向另一种同质化办学。

Effect of soothing-liver and nourishing-heart acupuncture on early selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment onset for depressive disorder and related indicators of neuroimmunology:a randomized controlled clinical trial

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of soothing-liver and nourishing-heart acupuncture on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor(SSRIs) treatment effect onset in patients with depressive disorder and related indicators of neuroimmunology.METHODS:Overall,126 patients with depressive disorder were randomly divided into a medicine and acupuncture-medicine group using a random number table.Patients were treated for 6 consecutive weeks.The two groups were evaluated by the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale(MADRS) and Side Effects Rating Scale(SERS) to assess the effect of the soothing-liver and nourishing-heart acupuncture method on early onset of SSRI treatment effect.Changes in serum 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) and inflammatory cytokines before and after treatment were recorded and compared between the medicine group and the acupuncture-medicine group.RESULTS:The acupuncture-medicine group had significantly lower MADRS scores at weeks 1,2,4,and 6 after treatment compared with the medicine group(P < 0.01).The acupuncture group had significantly lower SERS scores at weeks 1,2,4,and 6 after treatment compared with the medicine group(P < 0.01).At 6 weeks after treatment,serum 5-HT in the acupuncture-medicine group was significantly higher compared with the medicine group(P <0.01).lnterleukin-6(IL-6) in the acupuncture-medicine group was significantly lower than that in the medicine group(P < 0.01),whereas there was no significant difference in IL-1(3 between the groups(P > 0.05).Anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly higher in the acupuncture-medicine group compared with the medicine group(P < 0.01,P < 0.05,respectively).CONCLUSION:The soothing-liver and nourishing-heart acupuncture method can effectively accelerate the onset of SSRI effects when treating depressive disorder and can significantly reduce the adverse reactions of SSRIs.Moreover,acupuncture can enhance serum 5-HT and regulate the balance of pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory cytokines.