Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the most common type of dementia,affects millions of people worldwide,putting a significant strain on healthcare infrastructure and societal resources.AD is characte rized by the build-up of a...Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the most common type of dementia,affects millions of people worldwide,putting a significant strain on healthcare infrastructure and societal resources.AD is characte rized by the build-up of amyloid-beta(Aβ)plaques and neurofibrillary to ngles containing hyperphosphorylated tau protein.展开更多
Pre-diabetic insulin resistance is associated with sub-clinical inflammation and concomitant increase in systemic C-reactive protein(CRP)levels.Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients register even higher chronic level...Pre-diabetic insulin resistance is associated with sub-clinical inflammation and concomitant increase in systemic C-reactive protein(CRP)levels.Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients register even higher chronic levels of inflammation,with excess circulating CRP originating from both typical hepatic synthesis,and also visceral white adipose tissue.展开更多
Classically Alzheimer＇s disease and vascular dementia have been considered as two different entities, with their own clinical criteria, but relatively recent epidemiological and clinicopathological studies suggest an...Classically Alzheimer＇s disease and vascular dementia have been considered as two different entities, with their own clinical criteria, but relatively recent epidemiological and clinicopathological studies suggest an overlap between them sharing not only most of the risk factors and some clinical aspects but also pathophysiological mechanisms. Cerebrovascular lesions, especially small vessel disease （lacunar infarcts, white matter hyperintensities and microbleeds）, may magnify the effects of mild Alzheimer＇s disease pathology and promote the progression of cognitive decline and may also be a precursor of neuronal damage and dementia. ＂Vascular hypothesis＂ of Alzheimer＇s disease would open a window for new approaches and treatments.展开更多
Corneal blindness caused by limbal stem cell deficiency(LSCD) is one of the most common debilitating eye disorders. Thus far, the most effective treatment for LSCD is corneal transplantation, which is often hindered b...Corneal blindness caused by limbal stem cell deficiency(LSCD) is one of the most common debilitating eye disorders. Thus far, the most effective treatment for LSCD is corneal transplantation, which is often hindered by the shortage of donors. Pluripotent stem cell technology including embryonic stem cells(ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs) have opened new avenues for treating this disease. iPSCs-derived corneal epithelial cells provide an autologous and unlimited source of cells for the treatment of LSCD. On the other hand, iPSCs of LSCD patients can be used for iPSCs-corneal disease model and new drug discovery. However, prior to clinical trial, the efficacy and safety of these cells in patients with LSCD should be proved. Here we focused on the current status of iPSCs-derived corneal epithelial cells used for cell therapy as well as for corneal disease modeling. The challenges and potential of iPSCs-derived corneal epithelial cells as a choice for clinical treatment in corneal disease were also discussed.展开更多
文摘Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the most common type of dementia,affects millions of people worldwide,putting a significant strain on healthcare infrastructure and societal resources.AD is characte rized by the build-up of amyloid-beta(Aβ)plaques and neurofibrillary to ngles containing hyperphosphorylated tau protein.
文摘Pre-diabetic insulin resistance is associated with sub-clinical inflammation and concomitant increase in systemic C-reactive protein(CRP)levels.Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients register even higher chronic levels of inflammation,with excess circulating CRP originating from both typical hepatic synthesis,and also visceral white adipose tissue.
文摘Classically Alzheimer＇s disease and vascular dementia have been considered as two different entities, with their own clinical criteria, but relatively recent epidemiological and clinicopathological studies suggest an overlap between them sharing not only most of the risk factors and some clinical aspects but also pathophysiological mechanisms. Cerebrovascular lesions, especially small vessel disease （lacunar infarcts, white matter hyperintensities and microbleeds）, may magnify the effects of mild Alzheimer＇s disease pathology and promote the progression of cognitive decline and may also be a precursor of neuronal damage and dementia. ＂Vascular hypothesis＂ of Alzheimer＇s disease would open a window for new approaches and treatments.
文摘Corneal blindness caused by limbal stem cell deficiency(LSCD) is one of the most common debilitating eye disorders. Thus far, the most effective treatment for LSCD is corneal transplantation, which is often hindered by the shortage of donors. Pluripotent stem cell technology including embryonic stem cells(ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs) have opened new avenues for treating this disease. iPSCs-derived corneal epithelial cells provide an autologous and unlimited source of cells for the treatment of LSCD. On the other hand, iPSCs of LSCD patients can be used for iPSCs-corneal disease model and new drug discovery. However, prior to clinical trial, the efficacy and safety of these cells in patients with LSCD should be proved. Here we focused on the current status of iPSCs-derived corneal epithelial cells used for cell therapy as well as for corneal disease modeling. The challenges and potential of iPSCs-derived corneal epithelial cells as a choice for clinical treatment in corneal disease were also discussed.
