BACKGROUND： An animal model of chronic optic nerve injury is necessary to further understand the pathological mechanisms involved. OBJECTIVE： To establish a stabilized, chronic, optic nerve crush model, which is sim...BACKGROUND： An animal model of chronic optic nerve injury is necessary to further understand the pathological mechanisms involved. OBJECTIVE： To establish a stabilized, chronic, optic nerve crush model, which is similar to the clinical situation to explore histopathological and optic electrophysiological changes involved in this injury. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized and controlled animal trial was performed at Shanghai Institute of Neurosurgery from May to October 2004, MATERIALS： A BAL3XRAY undetachable balloon and Magic-BD catheter were provided by BLAT, France; JX-2000 biological signal processing system by Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, China; inverted phase contrast microscopy by Olympus, Japan. METHODS： A total of twenty normal adult cats were randomly assigned to control （n = 5） and model （n = 15） groups, according to different doses of contrast agent injected through balloons as follows： 0.2 mL injection, 0.25 mL injection, and 0.35 mL injection, with each group containing 5 animals. Imitating the clinical pterion approach, the optic nerves were exposed using micro-surgical methods. An engorged undetachable balloon was implanted beneath the nerve and connected to a catheter. Balloon size was controlled with a contrast agent injection （0.1 mL/10 min） to form an occupying lesion model similar to sellar tumors. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The visually evoked potential examination was used to study optical electrophysiology changes in pre-post chronic optical nerve injury. Ultrastructural pathological changes to the optic nerve were analyzed by electron microscopy. RESULTS： During the early period （day 11 after modeling）, visually evoked potential demonstrated no significant changes. In the late period （day 51 after modeling）, recorded VEP demonstrated that P1 wave latency was prolonged and P1 wave amplitude was obviously reduced. Following injury, the endoneurium, myelin sheath, lamella, axolemma, and axon appeared disordered. CONCLUSION： Results demonstrated that the chronic, intracranial, optical nerve crush model was stable and could simulate optic nerve lesions induced by sellar tumors. Under the condition of chronic optical nerve crush, visually evoked potentials were aggravated.展开更多
Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is an embryonic central nervous system tumor. It has a low incidence with a high degree of malignancy and a poor prognosis. Five years ago, we successfully treated a child with...Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is an embryonic central nervous system tumor. It has a low incidence with a high degree of malignancy and a poor prognosis. Five years ago, we successfully treated a child with AT/RT. Treatment comprised total tumor resection, 6 MV X 3D conformal radiotherapy (DT: 36Gy/18FX) and six courses of chemotherapy, including teniposide 25 mg (qd × 5d), ACNU 25 mg (qd × 1d), vincristine 1 mg (qd × 1d). There was no tumor recurrence after 5 years of follow-up. We adjusted the previous AT/RT regimen to make it more suitable for the individual treatment of this patient, and now the patient has achieved a cure. So we think this regimen is effective and it is worthy of recommendation.展开更多
A logarithmic spiral is a self-similar spiral curve, which often appears in nature, e.g., mollusk shells. In the normal tissues of the human body, the cochlea is also an approximate logarithmic spiral. However, approx...A logarithmic spiral is a self-similar spiral curve, which often appears in nature, e.g., mollusk shells. In the normal tissues of the human body, the cochlea is also an approximate logarithmic spiral. However, approximate logarithmic spirals are rarely,if ever, reported in tumors. Recently, we treated a 26-year-old woman with a one-year history of headache. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging showed a possible brain tumor with radiological characteristics similar to a typical logarithmic spiral,which has seldom been observed before. Because of the obvious clinical symptoms and discomfort, as well as the possible presence of an intracranial tumor, we performed a craniotomy and tumor resection. Perioperatively, we found an intact tumor capsule,with contents that appeared like egg-drop soup mixed with hairs. A post-operative pathological diagnosis of a dermoid cyst was made. However, more interestingly, the logarithmic spiral could be described mathematically with a high goodness of fit. In this paper, we present this case with various clinical images.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30271333
文摘BACKGROUND： An animal model of chronic optic nerve injury is necessary to further understand the pathological mechanisms involved. OBJECTIVE： To establish a stabilized, chronic, optic nerve crush model, which is similar to the clinical situation to explore histopathological and optic electrophysiological changes involved in this injury. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A randomized and controlled animal trial was performed at Shanghai Institute of Neurosurgery from May to October 2004, MATERIALS： A BAL3XRAY undetachable balloon and Magic-BD catheter were provided by BLAT, France; JX-2000 biological signal processing system by Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, China; inverted phase contrast microscopy by Olympus, Japan. METHODS： A total of twenty normal adult cats were randomly assigned to control （n = 5） and model （n = 15） groups, according to different doses of contrast agent injected through balloons as follows： 0.2 mL injection, 0.25 mL injection, and 0.35 mL injection, with each group containing 5 animals. Imitating the clinical pterion approach, the optic nerves were exposed using micro-surgical methods. An engorged undetachable balloon was implanted beneath the nerve and connected to a catheter. Balloon size was controlled with a contrast agent injection （0.1 mL/10 min） to form an occupying lesion model similar to sellar tumors. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The visually evoked potential examination was used to study optical electrophysiology changes in pre-post chronic optical nerve injury. Ultrastructural pathological changes to the optic nerve were analyzed by electron microscopy. RESULTS： During the early period （day 11 after modeling）, visually evoked potential demonstrated no significant changes. In the late period （day 51 after modeling）, recorded VEP demonstrated that P1 wave latency was prolonged and P1 wave amplitude was obviously reduced. Following injury, the endoneurium, myelin sheath, lamella, axolemma, and axon appeared disordered. CONCLUSION： Results demonstrated that the chronic, intracranial, optical nerve crush model was stable and could simulate optic nerve lesions induced by sellar tumors. Under the condition of chronic optical nerve crush, visually evoked potentials were aggravated.
文摘Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT) is an embryonic central nervous system tumor. It has a low incidence with a high degree of malignancy and a poor prognosis. Five years ago, we successfully treated a child with AT/RT. Treatment comprised total tumor resection, 6 MV X 3D conformal radiotherapy (DT: 36Gy/18FX) and six courses of chemotherapy, including teniposide 25 mg (qd × 5d), ACNU 25 mg (qd × 1d), vincristine 1 mg (qd × 1d). There was no tumor recurrence after 5 years of follow-up. We adjusted the previous AT/RT regimen to make it more suitable for the individual treatment of this patient, and now the patient has achieved a cure. So we think this regimen is effective and it is worthy of recommendation.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81101909)
文摘A logarithmic spiral is a self-similar spiral curve, which often appears in nature, e.g., mollusk shells. In the normal tissues of the human body, the cochlea is also an approximate logarithmic spiral. However, approximate logarithmic spirals are rarely,if ever, reported in tumors. Recently, we treated a 26-year-old woman with a one-year history of headache. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging showed a possible brain tumor with radiological characteristics similar to a typical logarithmic spiral,which has seldom been observed before. Because of the obvious clinical symptoms and discomfort, as well as the possible presence of an intracranial tumor, we performed a craniotomy and tumor resection. Perioperatively, we found an intact tumor capsule,with contents that appeared like egg-drop soup mixed with hairs. A post-operative pathological diagnosis of a dermoid cyst was made. However, more interestingly, the logarithmic spiral could be described mathematically with a high goodness of fit. In this paper, we present this case with various clinical images.
