The effect of ensiled paulownia leaves in a high-forage diet on ruminal fermentation,methane production,fatty acid composition,and milk production performance of dairy cows

Background:The use of industrial by-products rich in bioactive compounds as animal feeds can reduce greenhouse gas production.Paulownia leaves silage(PLS)was supplemented to dairy cows'diet and evaluated in vitro(Exp.1;Rusitec)and in vivo(Exp.2,cannulated lactating dairy cows and Exp.3,non-cannulated lactating dairy cows).The study investigated the PLS effect on ruminal fermentation,microbial populations,methane production and concentration,dry matter intake(DMI),and fatty acid(FA)proportions in ruminal fluid and milk.Results:Several variables of the ruminal fluid were changed in response to the inclusion of PLS.In Exp.1,the p H increased linearly and quadratically,whereas ammonia and total volatile fatty acid(VFA)concentrations increased linearly and cubically.A linear,quadratic,and cubical decrease in methane concentration was observed with increasing dose of the PLS.Exp.2 revealed an increase in ruminal p H and ammonia concentrations,but no changes in total VFA concentration.Inclusion of PLS increased ruminal propionate(at 3 h and 6 h after feeding),isovalerate,and valerate concentrations.Addition of PLS also affected several populations of the analyzed microorganisms.The abundances of protozoa and bacteria were increased,whereas the abundance of archaea were decreased by PLS.Methane production decreased by 11%and 14%in PLS-fed cows compared to the control in Exp.2 and 3,respectively.Exp.3 revealed a reduction in the milk protein and lactose yield in the PLS-fed cows,but no effect on DMI and energy corrected milk yield.Also,the PLS diet affected the ruminal biohydrogenation process with an increased proportions of C18:3 cis-9 cis-12 cis-15,conjugated linoleic acid,C18:1 trans-11 FA,polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),and reduced n6/n3 ratio and saturated fatty acids(SFA)proportion in milk.The relative transcript abundances of the 5 of 6 analyzed genes regulating FA metabolism increased.Conclusions:The dietary PLS replacing the alfalfa silage at 60 g/kg diet can reduce the methane emission and improve milk quality with greater proportions of PUFA,including conjugated linoleic acid,and C18:1 trans-11 along with reduction of SFA.

The energy response of LaBr_(3)(Ce),LaBr_(3)(Ce,Sr),and NaI(Tl)crystals for GECAM

The GECAM series of satellites utilizes LaBr_(3)(Ce),LaBr_(3)(Ce,Sr),and NaI(Tl)crystals as sensitive materials for gamma-ray detectors(GRDs).To investigate the nonlinearity in the detection of low-energy gamma rays and address the errors in the calibration of the E-C relationship,comprehensive tests and comparative studies of the three aforementioned crystals were conducted using Compton electrons,radioactive sources,and mono-energetic X-rays.The nonlinearity test results of the Compton electrons and X-rays demonstrated substantial differences,with all three crystals presenting a higher nonlinearity for X/-rays than for Compton electrons.Despite the LaBr_(3)(Ce)and LaBr_(3)(Ce,Sr)crystals having higher absolute light yields,they exhibited a noticeable nonlinear decrease in the light yield,especially at energies below 400 keV.The NaI(Tl)crystal demonstrated an"excess"light output in the 6-200 keV range,reaching a maximum"excess"of 9.2%at 30 keV in the X-ray testing and up to 15.5%at 14 keV during Compton electron testing,indicating a significant advantage in the detection of low-energy gamma rays.Furthermore,we explored the underlying causes of the observed nonlinearity in these crystals.This study not only elucidates the detector responses of GECAM,but also initiates a comprehensive investigation of the nonlinearity of domestically produced lanthanum bromide and sodium iodide crystals.

氧化锌/Lyocell复合纤维的制备及性能

为实现纳米氧化锌与Lyocell纤维素溶液的共混纺丝,以N-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物(NNMO)水溶液作为分散介质,制备了NMMO基高分散型纳米氧化锌分散液。在此基础上,进一步通过原液共混工艺及干湿法纺丝工艺制备了不同氧化锌含量的氧化锌/Lyocell复合纤维。采用旋转流变仪、纳米粒度仪、光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射仪、热重分析仪和纤维强伸度仪分别研究了纳米氧化锌的添加对Lyocell纤维素溶液的流变性能及对复合纤维结构与性能的影响。结果表明,经研磨分散后纳米氧化锌颗粒表面的Zeta电位值由-19.1 mV提升至-42 mV,与Lyocell纤维素溶液相容性较好;纳米氧化锌的添加提高了Lyocell纤维的热稳定性,当纳米氧化锌的质量分数为1%时,氧化锌/Lyocell复合纤维的初始分解温度较普通Lyocell纤维提高了26℃,断裂强度及初始模量分别提高了8.6%和10.4%;该复合纤维对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌的抗菌率均在99%以上,洗涤20次后抗菌率无变化,具备优异的抗菌性能。

A Localization Method of High Energy Transients for All-sky Gamma-ray Monitor

Fast and reliable localization of high-energy transients is crucial for characterizing the burst properties and guiding the follow-up observations.Localization based on the relative counts of different detectors has been widely used for all-sky gamma-ray monitors.There are two major methods for this count distribution localization:χ^(2)minimization method and the Bayesian method.Here we propose a modified Bayesian method that could take advantage of both the accuracy of the Bayesian method and the simplicity of the χ^(2)method.With comprehensive simulations,we find that our Bayesian method with Poisson likelihood is generally more applicable for various bursts than the χ^(2)method,especially for weak bursts.We further proposed a location-spectrum iteration approach based on the Bayesian inference,which could alleviate the problems caused by the spectral difference between the burst and location templates.Our method is very suitable for scenarios with limited computation resources or timesensitive applications,such as in-flight localization software,and low-latency localization for rapidly follow-up observations.

The In-Flight Realtime Trigger and Localization Software of GECAM

Realtime trigger and localization of bursts are the key functions of GECAM,an all-sky gamma-ray monitor launched on 2020 December 10.We developed a multifunctional trigger and localization software operating in the CPU of the GECAM Electronic Box.This onboard software has the following features:high trigger efficiency for real celestial bursts with a suppression of false triggers caused by charged particle bursts and background fluctuation,dedicated localization algorithm optimized for both short and long bursts,and low time latency of the trigger information which is downlinked through the Global Short Message Communication service of the global BeiDou navigation system.This paper provides a detailed description of the design and development of the trigger and localization software system for GECAM.It covers the general design,workflow,the main functions,and the algorithms used in the system.The paper also includes on-ground trigger tests using simulated gamma-ray bursts generated by a dedicated X-ray tube,as well as an overview of the performance for real celestial bursts during its in-orbit operation.

Individual and interactive influences of elevated air temperature and soil drought at the flowering and boll-forming stage on cottonseed yield and nutritional quality

As the main byproduct of cotton production,cottonseed yields edible vegetable oil,ruminant feed,and industrial products.We evaluated the individual and interactive effects of elevated air temperature and soil drought on cottonseed yield and nutritional quality using two cotton cultivars,Sumian 15(heat-susceptible)and PHY370 WR(heat-tolerant).The experiment was conducted under three levels of soil relative water content(SRWC):(75±5)%,(60±5)%and(45±5)%and two temperature regimes:ambient temperature(AT,31.0/26.4℃,mean daytime/night temperature)and elevated temperature(ET,33.4/28.9℃).Cottonseed yield,boll number,seed number,and single-seed weight were lower under combined ET and SRWC(45±5)%than either individual stress or combined stresses in comparison with the control treatment(SRWC(75±5)%under AT).Drought tended to increase oil content and reduce protein content,whereas ET showed almost the opposite effects.Under the combination of ET and soil drought,oil content was still higher than under control,although ET weakened the beneficial effects of drought.For protein,ET offset the negative impacts of mild drought on protein content,but protein content was not increased under SRWC(45±5)%.Each stress or combined stress reduced oil and protein yields under all treatments,owing to declines in cottonseed yields.The combined stress reduced unsaturated fatty acid(UFA)/saturated fatty acid(SFA)and essential amino acid(EAA)/non-essential amino acid(NAA).Compared with PHY370 WR,the sensitivity of Sumian 15 to the combined factors was evidenced in the following ways:(1)seed yield,yield components,oil and protein yields were decreased more for Sumian 15 than PHY370 WR compared with the control treatment;(2)the combined stresses caused lower oil content,UFA,and UFA/SFA in Sumian 15 than PHY370 WR;(3)interaction effects of the combined factors on protein content and EAA/NAA were detected only in Sumian 15.

Doublet luminescence due to coexistence of excitons and electron-hole plasmas in optically excited CH_(3)NH_(3)PbBr_(3)single crystal

Doublet luminescence from hybrid metal trihalide perovskite semiconductors is observed along with materials processing when high-quality single crystals are obtainable.Yet,the underlying physical mechanism remains poorly understood.Here,we report controllable solution-processed crystallization that affords high-quality CH3 NH3 PbBr3 single crystals with atomically flat pristine surfaces.Front-face photoluminescence(PL)shows doublet luminescence components with variable relative intensities depending on the crystal surface conditions.We further find that the low-energy PL component with asymmetric spectral line-shape becomes predominant when the atomically flat crystal surfaces are passivated in the ion-abundant saturated solutions,while poor-quality single crystal with visually rough surface only gives the high-energy PL with symmetric line-shape.The asymmetric spectral line-shape of the low-energy PL matches perfectly with the simulated bandedge emission.Therefore,the low-energy PL component is attributable to the intrinsic bandedge emission from the crystal bulk while the high-energy one to surface-specific emission.Elliott fitting to the absorption data and multi-exponential fitting to the time-resolved photoluminescence traces jointly indicate the coexistence of excitons and electron-hole plasmas in optically excited CH_(3)NH_(3)PbBr_(3)single crystals,thereby catching the physical merit that leads to the occurrence of doublet luminescence.

Timing analysis of the black hole candidate EXO 1846–031 with Insight-HXMT monitoring

We present the observational results from a detailed timing analysis of the black hole candidate EXO 1846-031 during its outburst in 2019 with the observations of Insight-HXMT,NICER and MAXI.This outburst can be classified roughly into four different states.Type-C quasi-periodic oscillations(QPOs)observed by NICER(about 0.1-6 Hz)and Insight-HXMT(about 0.7-8 Hz)are also reported in this work.Meanwhile,we study various physical quantities related to QPO frequency.The QPO rms-frequency relationship in the energy band 1-10 keV indicates that there is a turning pointing in frequency around2 Hz,which is similar to that of GRS 1915+105.A possible hypothesis for the relationship above may be related to the inclination of the source,which may require a high inclination to explain it.The relationships between QPO frequency and QPO rms,hardness,total fractional rms and count rate have also been found in other transient sources,which can indicate that the origin of type-C QPOs is non-thermal.

Deletion of prominin-1 in mice results in disrupted photoreceptor outer segment protein homeostasis

AIM:To illustrate the underlying mechanism how prominin-1(also known as Prom1)mutation contribute to progressive photoreceptor degeneration.METHODS:A CRISPR-mediated Prom1 knockout(Prom1-KO)mice model in the C57BL/6 was generated and the photoreceptor degeneration phenotypes by means of structural and functional tests were demonstrated.Immunohistochemistry and immunoblot analysis were performed to reveal the localization and quantity of related outer segment(OS)proteins.RESULTS:The Prom1-KO mice developed the photoreceptor degeneration phenotype including the decreased outer nuclear layer(ONL)thickness and compromised electroretinogram amplitude.Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed impaired trafficking of photoreceptor OS proteins.Immunoblot data demonstrated decreased photoreceptor OS proteins.CONCLUSION:Prom1 deprivation causes progressive photoreceptor degeneration.Prom1 is essential for maintaining normal trafficking and normal quantity of photoreceptor OS proteins.The new light is shed on the pathogenic mechanism underlying photoreceptor degeneration caused by Prom1 mutation.

Investigation on step overcharge to self-heating behavior and mechanism analysis of lithium ion batteries

To obtain intrinsic overcharge boundary and investigate overcharge mechanism,here we propose an innovative method,the step overcharge test,to reduce the thermal crossover and distinguish the overcharge thermal behavior,including 5%state of charge(SOC)with small current overcharge and resting until the temperature equilibrium under adiabatic conditions.The intrinsic thermal response and the self-excitation behaviour are analysed through temperature and voltage changes during the step overcharge period.Experimental results show that the deintercalated state of the cathode is highly correlated to self-heating parasitic reactions.Before reaching the upper limit of Negative/Positive(N/P)ratio,the temperature changes little,the heat generation is significantly induced by the reversible heat(endothermic)and ohmic heat,which could balance each other.Following that the lithium metal is gradually deposited on the surface of the anode and reacts with electrolyte upon overcharge,inducing selfheating side reaction.However,this spontaneous thermal reaction could be“self-extinguished”.When the lithium in cathode is completely deintercalated,the boundary point of overcharge is about 4.7 V(~148%SOC,>40℃),and from this point,the self-heating behaviour could be continuously triggered until thermal runaway(TR)without additional overcharge.The whole static and spontaneous process lasts for 115 h and the side reaction heat is beyond 320,000 J.The continuous self-excitation behavior inside the battery is attributed to the interaction between the highly oxidized cathode and the solvent,which leads to the dissolution of metal ions.The dissolved metal ions destroy the SEI(solid electrolyte interphase)film on the surface of the deposited Li of anode,which induces the thermal reaction between lithium metal and the solvent.The interaction between cathode,the deposited Li of anode,and solvent promotes the temperature of the battery to rise slowly.When the temperature of the battery reaches more than 60℃,the reaction between lithium metal and solvent is accelerated.After the temperature rises rapidly to the melting point of the separator,it triggers the thermal runaway of the battery due to the short circuit of the battery.

Assessments of the effects of various fracture surface morphology on single fracture flow: A review

Natural rock joint permeability deviates from the classic fluid flow governing equations due to the inher-ent fracture surface roughness(i.e.,contact points,spatial correlation,matching,varying aperture,iso-lated voids,infilling material,tortuosity and channellings)and engineering disturbance such as excavations.To improve the accuracy of fracture permeability evaluation,many efforts have been made in analytical,experimental,and numerical methods.This study reviews the modified mathematical gov-erning equations of fluid flow and classifies them based on different influencing factors,such as friction factor,aperture,tortuosity,inertia,and various in situ stress effects.Various experimental and simulation techniques for the coupled normal-and shear-stress flow problems were assessed,and their advantages and disadvantages were also analysed.Furthermore,different surface roughness descriptions and their impacts on mechanical and hydraulic behaviours were discussed,followed by the potential research directions for fracture flow problems.

Convolutional neural network-based segmentation network applied to image recognition of angiodysplasias lesion under capsule endoscopy

BACKGROUND Small intestinal vascular malformations(angiodysplasias)are common causes of small intestinal bleeding.While capsule endoscopy has become the primary diagnostic method for angiodysplasia,manual reading of the entire gastrointestinal tract is time-consuming and requires a heavy workload,which affects the accuracy of diagnosis.AIM To evaluate whether artificial intelligence can assist the diagnosis and increase the detection rate of angiodysplasias in the small intestine,achieve automatic disease detection,and shorten the capsule endoscopy(CE)reading time.METHODS A convolutional neural network semantic segmentation model with a feature fusion method,which automatically recognizes the category of vascular dysplasia under CE and draws the lesion contour,thus improving the efficiency and accuracy of identifying small intestinal vascular malformation lesions,was proposed.Resnet-50 was used as the skeleton network to design the fusion mechanism,fuse the shallow and depth features,and classify the images at the pixel level to achieve the segmentation and recognition of vascular dysplasia.The training set and test set were constructed and compared with PSPNet,Deeplab3+,and UperNet.RESULTS The test set constructed in the study achieved satisfactory results,where pixel accuracy was 99%,mean intersection over union was 0.69,negative predictive value was 98.74%,and positive predictive value was 94.27%.The model parameter was 46.38 M,the float calculation was 467.2 G,and the time length to segment and recognize a picture was 0.6 s.CONCLUSION Constructing a segmentation network based on deep learning to segment and recognize angiodysplasias lesions is an effective and feasible method for diagnosing angiodysplasias lesions.

Telomere-to-telomere assembly of cassava genome reveals the evolution of cassava and divergence of allelic expression

Cassava is a crucial crop that makes a significant contribution to ensuring human food security.However,high-quality telomere-totelomere cassava genomes have not been available up to now,which has restricted the progress of haploid molecular breeding for cassava.In this study,we constructed two nearly complete haploid resolved genomes and an integrated,telomere-to-telomere gap-free reference genome of an excellent cassava variety,‘Xinxuan 048’,thereby providing a new high-quality genomic resource.Furthermore,the evolutionary history of several species within the Euphorbiaceae family was revealed.Through comparative analysis of haploid genomes,it was found that two haploid genomes had extensive differences in linear structure,transcriptome features,and epigenetic characteristics.Genes located within the highly divergent regions and differentially expressed alleles are enriched in the functions of auxin response and the starch synthesis pathway.The high heterozygosity of cassava‘Xinxuan 048’leads to rapid trait segregation in the first selfed generation.This study provides a theoretical basis and genomic resource for molecular breeding of cassava haploids.

Potential effects of sea level rise on the soil-atmosphere green-house gas emissions in Kandelia obovata mangrove forests

Mangrove forests are under the stress of sea level rise(SLR)which would affect mangrove soil biogeochemistry.Mangrove soils are important sources of soil-atmosphere greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,including carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),methane(CH_(4))and nitrous oxide(N_(2)O).Understanding how SLR influences GHG emissions is critical for evaluating mangrove blue carbon capability.In this study,potential effects of SLR on the GHG emissions were quantified through static closed chamber technique among three sites under different intertidal elevations,representing tidal flooding situation of SLR values of 0 cm,40 cm and 80 cm,respectively.Compared with Site SLR 0 cm,annual CO_(2) and N_(2)O fluxes decreased by approximately 75.0%and 27.3%due to higher soil water content,lower salinity and soil nutrient environments at Site SLR 80 cm.However,CH_(4) fluxes increased by approximately 13.7%at Site SLR 40 cm and 8.8%at Site SLR 80 cm because of lower salinity,higher soil water content and soil pH.CO_(2)-equivalent fluxes were 396.61 g/(m^(2)·a),1423.29 g/(m^(2)·a)and 1420.21 g/(m^(2)·a)at Sites SLR 80 cm,SLR 40 cm and SLR 0 cm,respectively.From Site SLR 0 cm to Site SLR 80 cm,contribution rate of N_(2)O and CH_(4) increased by approximately 7.42%and 3.02%,while contribution rate of CO_(2) decreased by approximately 10.44%.The results indicated that warming potential of trace CH_(4) and N_(2)O was non-negligible with SLR.Potential effects of SLR on the mangrove blue carbon capability should warrant attention due to changes of all three greenhouse gas fluxes with SLR.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of the IPT family members in nine Rosaceae species and a functional analysis of MdIPT5b in cold resistance

Cytokinins are members of a group of phytohormones involved in various growth and developmental processes in plants.Isopentenyl transferase(IPT)is the rate-limiting enzyme in catalyzing the biosynthesis of cytokinins.In this study,to understand the role of IPT family in cold resistance,78 IPT candidates were identified and characterized in nine Rosaceae genomes.The expansion of IPT families in the Rosaceae primarily occurred through segmental duplication rather than tandem duplication.In general,purifying selection controlled the evolution of IPT families in the Rosaceae,with IPT3 and IPT5 homologs as the primary drivers of evolution.Cis-elements,which are involved in the responses to many environmental stresses or phytohormone signals,were identified in the promoters of MdIPT members.This was consistent with the trends of expression of the MdIPT genes in apple(Malus domestica)calli.MdIPT5b was also found to exhibit multiple responses to phytohormones and stress signals.The ectopic expression of MdIPT5b resulted in an increase in cold resistance in transformed apple calli and tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)plantlets.The redox balance was partially stabilized through the accumulation of proline under cold stress.However,the ascorbate–glutathione cycle cannot be stabilized in the cold.All physiological and biochemical assays are preformed in spectrophotometer.These results showed that regulating the expression of IPT genes for moderate cytokinin improvement could enhance the accumulation of proline to stabilize the osmotic and redox balances to improve resistance to cold stress.

内镜经黏膜下隧道肿瘤切除术治疗食管贲门周围黏膜下肿瘤的疗效分析

目的探讨内镜经黏膜下隧道肿瘤切除术(STER)治疗食管贲门周围黏膜下肿瘤(SMT)的临床效果及安全性。方法收集2012年9月-2018年6月在南京医科大学附属南京医院内镜中心采用STER治疗的50例食管贲门周围SMT患者的临床资料,并进行分析。结果50例患者均完成STER。食管病变33例,贲门周围、胃底病变17例,1例病变为2个瘤体,其他均为单个瘤体。成功切除所有SMT,一次性完整切除率96.0%,手术时间32~115 min,平均(54.0±24.5)min,完整缝合创面所需金属夹4~8枚,平均(5.6±2.1)枚。术后瘤体直径0.8~3.3 cm,平均(1.6±0.4)cm。术后经常规病理及免疫组化染色确诊为平滑肌瘤40例(80.0%),间质瘤7例(14.0%),食管支气管源性囊肿2例(4.0%),钙化性纤维性肿瘤1例(2.0%),切缘均为阴性。4例术中发生穿孔,3例术中发生皮下气肿,3例术后出现发热,均经保守治疗痊愈。住院时间6~15 d,平均(7.8±3.7)d。结论STER对食管贲门周围SMT有较高的完整切除率,且手术创伤小,恢复快,并发症较少,住院时间较短。

52例化脓性汗腺炎患者的临床特点及遗传异质性分析

目的了解中国人群化脓性汗腺炎(HS)临床特征以及遗传学发病机制。方法收集52例HS患者(其中1例有家族史),对其临床特征进行分析,并收集每位患者的外周血标本,采用Sanger直接测序的方法,在每位患者中对NCSTN、PSENEN和PSEN1基因进行突变检测。结果①经典型(腋窝-乳房型)HS为23例、聚合型HS为18例、摩擦疖肿型HS为5例、瘢痕-毛囊炎型HS为6例;②51例散发HS和1例具有家族史的HS中未发现NCSTN、PSENEN和PSEN1基因突变位点。结论 52例HS患者的临床类型以经典型和聚合型为主;家族性和散发性HS发病可能具有一定的遗传异质性。

微创肺表面活性物质治疗早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征对发育结局的影响

目的探讨微创肺表面活性物质(LISA)治疗早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征(NRDS)对发育结局的影响。方法回顾性分析2019年12月—2021年5月阜阳市人民医院收治的67例NRDS患儿的临床资料。将采用LISA治疗的30例患儿作为研究组,采用气管插管-肺表面活性物质-拔管治疗的37例患儿作为对照组,随访至纠正胎龄12个月。统计两组患儿肺表面活性物质(PS)给药过程中不良反应,分析两组通气、吸氧及再次使用PS情况,比较两组治疗前后血气指标的变化,对比两组并发症发生情况,比较两组随访期间体格发育及听力、视觉、神经系统发育情况。结果对照组与研究组PS给药操作过程中心动过缓、呼吸暂停、经皮血氧饱和度下降、药物反流发生率,72 h内有创机械通气率、总吸氧时间、无创通气时间、再次使用PS率,视网膜病、坏死性小肠结肠炎、脑室内出血、听力损伤、视觉损伤发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组支气管肺发育不良发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗前后动脉血氧分压、动脉血二氧化碳分压、动脉血氧分压/吸入气氧浓度的差值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组出院时、纠正6个月、纠正12个月体重、头围、身长、宫外生长迟缓(EUGR)发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组纠正6个月、12个月的EUGR发生率均低于出院时(P<0.05),两组12个月的EUGR发生率均低于纠正6个月(P<0.05)。研究组智力发展指数、精神运动发展指数、发育商优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论LISA治疗NRDS早产儿是一种安全有效的PS给药方法,可降低支气管肺发育不良发生风险,改善神经系统发育情况。

肺部高频超声评分对新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征预测及预后评估的价值

目的探讨肺部高频超声评分对新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征预测及预后评估的价值。方法选取2020年2月—2022年1月阜阳市人民医院收治的107例新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征患儿为研究对象(研究组),另选取该院同期收治的无肺部疾病的48例新生儿为对照组。两组新生儿均行肺部高频超声检查。收集研究组患儿的基本资料,观察患儿治疗后7 d的预后;比较研究组、对照组肺部高频超声评分,比较研究组不同病情患儿的肺部高频超声评分;采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征预后的因素;绘制ROC曲线分析肺部高频超声评分对新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征预后的预测价值。结果研究组肺部高频超声评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。重度病情组肺部高频超声评分高于轻度、中度病情组(P<0.05),中度病情组肺部高频超声评分高于轻度病情组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,胎龄[OR=4.968(95%CI:2.044,12.074)]、Δ肺部高频超声评分(治疗前与治疗后3 d评分差值)[OR=4.468(95%CI:1.839,10.859)]、机械通气时间[OR=5.540(95%CI:2.280,13.464)]是新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征预后的影响因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,肺部高频超声评分预测新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征预后的敏感性为73.33%(95%CI:0.448,0.911),特异性为84.78%(95%CI:0.754,0.911),AUC为0.820(95%CI:0.725,0.915)。结论新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征患儿肺部高频超声评分异常升高,并且肺部高频超声评分与新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征患儿的病情、预后有关,肺部高频超声评分评估新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征预后的效能良好。

CDH1、FANCB和APC基因多态性与中国人群肺癌易感性的关系

背景与目的肺癌是全球癌症相关死亡的主要原因,单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)是导致肺癌发生的重要因素之一,但其机制仍未阐明。本研究拟探讨CDH1、FANCB、APC基因SNP与肺癌遗传易感性的关系。方法采用病例对照研究方法,收集来自天津医科大学总医院肺部肿瘤外科270例肺癌病例,同时收集445名健康志愿者的血液样本作为对照,并提取基因组DNA,使用Taqman~?SNP基因分型试剂盒进行基因分型,分析CDH1基因rs201141645、FANCB基因rs754552650和APC基因rs149353082三个SNPs位点在中国人群中的分布。采用卡方检验和Logistic回归分析探索不同基因型与肺癌发病风险之间的关系。结果FANCB基因rs754552650位点的AA、A/G和GG基因型的分布频率在对照组中分别为27.2%、52.6%和20.2%。AA和A/G基因型分布频率在病例组中分别为93.7%、6.3%,未检测到GG基因型。FANCB基因的rs754552650位点的A/G基因型在病例组和对照组中存在显著差异。携带者患肺癌的风险明显降低(OR=0.035,95%CI:0.020-0.062,P<0.001)。CDH1基因rs201141645 A/C和CC基因型仅存在于对照组中。此外,在病例组中仅发现1个样本存在APC基因rs149353082 C/G基因型。结论在中国人群中,FANCB基因rs754552650 A/G基因型携带者患肺癌的风险明显降低。