Differentiation of rhesus adipose stem cells into dopaminergic neurons

LIM homeobox transcription factor la （Lmxla） has the capacity to initiate the development program of neuronal cells and promote the differentiation of embryonic stem cells into dopaminergic neurons. In this study, rhesus adipose stem cells were infected with recombinant adenovirus carrying the Lmxla gene and co-cultured with embryonic rat neural stem cells. Cell differentiation was induced using sonic hedgehog and fibroblast growth factor-8. Immunofluorescence staining showed that cells were positive for neuron-specific enolase and ^-tubulin II1. Reverse transcription-PCR results demonstrated that rhesus adipose stem cells were not only positive for neuron-specific enolase and I^-tubulin III, but also positive for the dopaminergic neuron marker, tyrosine hydroxylase, neurofilament, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family receptor a2 and nuclear receptor related factor 1. The number of Lmxla gene-infected cells expressing the dopaminergic neuron marker was substantially greater than the number of cells not infected with Lmxla gene. These results suggest that Lmxla-mediated regulation combined with the strategy of co-culture with neural stem cells can robustly promote the differentiation of rhesus adipose stem cells into dopaminergic neurons.

Transcriptome and weighted gene co-expression network analysis of jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)fruit reveal putative genes involved in proanthocyanin biosynthesis and regulation

Proanthocyanidin(PA)is an important bioactive compound with multiple physiological benefits in jujube(Ziziphus jujube Mill.).However,the molecular mechanisms underlying PA biosynthesis in jujube fruit have not been investigated.Here,the profiling of PA,(+)-catechin and(–)-epicatechin and transcriptome sequencing of three jujube cultivars from Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of China at five developmental stages were analyzed.The levels of total PAs and catechin exhibited a decreased trend over jujube ripening,and epicatechin content of two jujube cultivars increased first and then declined.Transcriptome analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were mainly enriched in ribosome,glycolysis/gluconeogenesis,fructose and mannose metabolism.17 DEGs encoding PAL,CHS,CHI,CHS,F3'H,LAR,ANR,C4Hs,4CLs,FLSs,DFRs and UFGTs involved in PA biosynthesis were relatively abundant.The highly transcribed LAR gene may greatly contribute to epicatechin accumulation.A weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)was performed,and a network module including 1620 genes highly correlated with content of Pas and catechin was established.We identified 58 genes including 9 structural genes and 49 regulatory genes related to PA biosynthesis and regulation in the WGCNA module.Sixteen genes encoding 9 families of transcriptional factors(i.e.,MYB,bHLH,ERF,bZIP,NAC,SBP,MIKC,HB,WRKY)were considered as hub genes.The results of qRT-PCR analysis validating 10 genes were well consistent with the transcriptome data.These findings provide valuable knowledge to facilitate its genetic studies and molecular breeding.

深空探测应用微型化自适应算法控制器研究

深空探测应用控制系统中最为核心的是控制器的设计。通过采用先进的控制策略,能降低对控制器处理能力的需求。面对工作需求多样,工作内容复杂的深空探测应用,微型化控制器需要更加智能的算法和更加合理的控制策略来维持系统的稳定性。

一种应用于探测的可预测电流模式FSBB电路

探测器的能源供给离不开DC-DC变换器,先进的控制方法能提高工作效率。预测电流模式控制相比于传统的PI控制具有动态响应快、易于进行过流保护等优点,因此被广泛应用到电力电子控制领域。由于控制回路的问题,不能通过计算开环增益的方式对负载波动与输出电压变化的闭环传递函数进行有效地设计。因此,提出了一种在不加前馈控制的情况下,基于预测电流模式控制四开关Buck-Boost(four-switch Buck-Boost,FSBB)变换器补偿器的设计方案,该方法能提升负载动态响应,通过实验数据,证明了该方法的有效性。

基于指南的两种失禁护理方案用于老年COVID-19伴失禁患者的效果分析

背景老年人是新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)和伴失禁的高发人群,也是失禁相关性皮炎(IAD)的易患人群,如何做好失禁护理以提高预防和治疗IAD的有效性一直在探索中。目的探讨基于指南的两种失禁护理方案用于老年COVID-19伴失禁患者的应用效果,为做好此类患者的失禁护理和预防IAD提供参考依据。方法采用探索性干预研究设计,于2022-12-26—2023-03-30在中国人民解放军东部战区总医院、中国人民解放军陆军特色医学中心和南京医科大学附属逸夫医院3所医院的外科和内科选取符合条件的老年COVID-19患者60例为研究对象。将研究对象非随机分为干预组和对照组,其中中国人民解放军东部战区总医院30例患者纳入干预组,另外两家医院30例患者纳入对照组。同时将两组中的IAD患者分别纳入干预亚组和对照亚组。分析老年COVID-19伴失禁患者的病情特点和失禁类型,基于指南推荐,改良修订了评估失禁和皮肤状况(A)、识别和管理危险因素(I)、管理失禁(M),皮肤护理(S)“AIMS四步改良失禁”护理方案(简称AIMS护理方案)。干预组采用改良AIMS护理方案,对照组采用结构化皮肤护理方案,均连续干预至少14 d,每班检查皮肤,采用国际标准判断是否发生IAD以及变化。主要结局指标为两组患者IAD的发生率,次要结局指标为IAD愈合率和愈合时间。收集记录两组患者干预前后的相关临床资料并进行比较。结果两组患者一般资料包括性别、年龄、失禁类型、失禁频次、慢性病共病、血清白蛋白、血红蛋白、血糖、脉氧浓度、Braden计分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。60例老年病毒性肺炎伴失禁患者IAD发生率为33.3%(20/60),其中对照组IAD发生率为43.3%(13/30),干预组IAD发生率为23.3%(7/30);两组患者IAD发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两亚组患者IAD分级、愈合率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预亚组患者IAD发生时间(t=3.225,P=0.005)较对照亚组延迟,IAD愈合时间(t=2.644,P=0.020)、住院时间(t=4.364,P<0.001)短于对照亚组。结论基于指南的两种失禁护理方案均能够有效预防老年失禁患者发生IAD并促进其愈合,但改良的AIMS护理方案效果更优,可在临床护理中参考使用。

Clinical and Experimental Study of Low Molecular Weight Heparin in Patients with Chronic Anemia

Objective: To preliminary study the significance of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in the treatment patients of with anemia of chronic diseases (ACD), and the changes in the serum levels of BMP6, hepcidin and IL-6. To preliminary study the significance of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in the treatment the patients with anemia of chronic diseases (ACD), and the changes in the serum levels of BMP6, hepcidin and IL-6. Methods: Used LMWH (4000 u/day, 7 - 15 days) to therapy 61 patients with ACD, and ELISA method was used to determine Hepcidin and BMP6 before and after treatment, and the determination of IL-6 by Electro-chemi-luminescence, and to analyze its clinical significance. Results: 1) In all 61 cases, the levels of Hepcidin in post-therapy were 0.82 ± 0.24 mg/L, which were lower than 1.05 ± 3.83 mg/L in pre-therapy (t = 2.5726, P < 0.05). The levels of IL-6 in post-therapy were 24.88 ± 12.58 mg/L, which were lower than 38.22 ± 31.23 mg/L in pre-therapy (t = 2.9650, P < 0.05), but there were no statistically significant both Hb and BMP6 between in pre-therapy and post-therapy (all P > 0.05). However, The levels of Hb in post-therapy were higher than in pre-therapy (t = 1.9832, P < 0.05). 2) The Hb level in the tumor anemia group after treatment was 91.18 ± 15.91 g/L, which was higher than that before treatment (85.45 ± 18.33 g/L), the difference was statistically significant (t = 1.9711, P < 0.05). 3) The levels of hepcidin and IL-6 in the tumor anemia group after treatment were 0.73 ± 0.45 mg/L and 30.33 ± 28.39 mg/ml, which were lower than those before treatment (1.09 ± 0.41 mg/L and 50.76 ± 42.10 mg/ml), respectively, the difference was statistically significant (t = 3.3941, P < 0.01 and t = 2.3597, P < 0.05). 4) There was no significant difference in all indexes in tumor anemia free group (all P > 0.05). 5) Although Hb level increased slightly in the non-tumor anemia group, there was no statistical significance (P > 0.05), and there was no statistical difference in other indexes (all P > 0.05). 6) After treatment, the level of Hb was negatively correlated with Hepcidin and IL-6 (respectively r = -0.2809, t = 2.2490, P < 0.05 and r = -0.2781, t = 2.2266, P < 0.05). Hepcidin was positively related to IL-6 (r = -0.2941, t = 2.3622, P < 0.05). There was no correlation between BMP6 and Hb, Hepcidin and IL-6 levels. Conclusion: LMWH could up-regulate the levels of Hb, and better for the degree of anemia in patients with ACD. The possible mechanism is to reduce the level of Hepcidin and IL-6.

The Clinical Value of NLR, D-D and CRP/ALB Ratio in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Thromboembolism

Objective: To evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and D-dimer (D-D) in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis comparing hematology and coagulation in 362 PTCA-confirmed PTE patients with the control group and analyzing their relationships with CAR, NLR, and D-D. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the diagnostic threshold, area under the curve (AUC), diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of CAR, NLR and D-D for PTE. Results: 1) CAR, NLR and D-D levels in PTE patients were 2.13 ± 2.08, 8.96 ± 1.94 and 9.69 ± 8.61 respectively, significantly higher than those in control group (CAR = 0.03 ± 0.01, t = 20.7736, P < 0.01;NLR = 1.76 ± 0.53, t = 2.4281, P < 0.05 and PTE = 0.20 ± 0.11, t = 3.0066, P < 0.01 respectively). 2) NLR was positively correlated with CAR (r = 0.2111, t = 4.0971, P < 0.01) and D-D (r = 0.1065, t = 2.0481, P < 0.05), but CAR was not correlated with D-D (r = 0.0975, P > 0.05). 3) The levels of HB, LY, PLT and AT in PTE patients were significantly lower than those in control group, while WBC, NE and FB were significantly higher than those in control group. 4) CAR was negatively correlated with Hb and AT (P all < 0.01), but positively correlated with WBC, NE, MO and FB (P all < 0.01). NLR was negatively correlated with LY and AT (P all < 0.01), but positively correlated with WBC, NE and FB (P all < 0.01). DD was negatively correlated with Hb and PLT (P all < 0.05), but positively correlated with WBC, NE and MO (P all < 0.01). Conclusion: The levels of Hb, LY, PLT and AT were significantly decreased in PTE patients, while WBC, NE and FB were significantly increased. CAR, NLR and D-D were highly expressed in PTE patients, and were closely correlated with Hb, AT and FB. Combined detection of CAR, NLR and D-D can improve the diagnostic value of PTE.

单味决明子治疗脑血管意外伴意识障碍便秘34例疗效观察

目的:观察单味决明子对脑血管意外伴意识障碍患者便秘症状的改善情况。方法:选取…2017年2月-2019年3月在我科住院的脑血管意外伴意识障碍便秘患者96例,随机分成三组。对照组30例,采用管饲饮食常规护理;观察A组34例,在对照组基础上,取单味决明子10~15g,400mL开水分二次浸泡,每次浸泡15~20min,浸泡液混合后分早晚两次鼻饲管注入;观察B组32例,在对照组基础上,早晚各注入200mL温开水。2周为一疗程。依据疗效判定标准、布里斯托大便分类法评估患者便秘改善情况。结果:观察A组与对照组、观察B组比较,便秘改善情况差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),排出大便类型差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:单味决明子开水浸泡、鼻饲管注入可有效改善脑血管意外伴意识障碍患者的便秘症状,预防并发症的发生。

Clinical Significance of CRP/ALB Ratio in Evaluating the Prognosis of Patients with DLBCL

Objective: Exploring the expression characteristics of CRP/ALB (CAR) in DLBCL patients and its value in prognostic judgment. Methods: We collected the basic information, clinical characteristics, laboratory examinations and follow-up prognosis of 142 newly diagnosed DLBCL patients with relatively complete data in our hospital and performed statistical analysis. We used X-tile analysis software to obtain the best cut-off value of CAR (0.33), compared the clinical characteristics and survival of patients in the high CAR group and the low CAR group, and compared the survival status with the IPI scoring system. Results: 1) There were significant differences in staging, grouping, IPI scores, extranodal involvement, LDH levels, β2-microglobulin, CA125, and Hb levels between the high CAR group and the low CAR group (all P < 0.05). 2) According to the survival curve, the OS of the high CAR group was significantly shorter than that of the low CAR group (P < 0.01), and the one-year, three-year and five-year survival conditions of high CAR group were all shorter than those of low CAR group. 3) COX analysis showed that high CAR is an independent poor prognostic factor for DLBCL patients. 4) A comparative analysis of OS, three-year and five-year survival showed that the combination of CAR and IPI was significantly better than the IPI system, and there was no significant difference in the evaluation value of the prognosis between CAR alone and IPI alone. Conclusion: High CAR value, like the IPI scoring system, is an independent poor prognostic factor of DLBCL, can be used as a reliable indicator of prognosis. And CAR can also be combined with IPI to evaluate the prognosis of DLBCL, of which the effect is better than that of IPI alone.

不同分期慢性肾脏病患者血脂、炎性因子等指标水平分析

目的:分析不同分期慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者的血脂、炎性因子等指标情况。方法:2018年6月-2020年6月收治CKD患者96例,按不同分期分为早期组、中期组及晚期组,各32例;另随机选取健康体检者10例,作为对照组。比较各组血脂、炎性因子等指标水平。结果:早期组、中期组及晚期组患者三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、脂蛋白LP(a)、丙二醇(PDO)、髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、白介素6(IL-6)、白介素1β(IL-1β)、血糖(BG)、C反应蛋白(CRP)及血尿酸(BUA)水平均高于对照组,总胆红素(STB)水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:CKD患者的血脂、炎性因子等指标水平,会随着肾功能减退而升高。

基于TRIZ裁剪法的桥面U肋板焊接工艺改善

基于功能分析的裁剪法,运用组件识别、组件相互作用、功能模型分析的创新方案,对正交异性板桥面U肋板焊接工艺进行改善。结果表明,正交异性板桥面U肋板焊接质量对确保大跨度钢结构桥梁承重能力至关重要,而焊接工艺是保证焊接质量的关键因素之一。通过运用TRIZ功能裁剪法提出的创新方案,简化了设备结构,降低了工艺控制的难度,减小了设备运行对操作空间的占用,解决了正交异性桥面板U肋板单元焊接工艺的技术难点。

微时代背景下高职院校学生网络行为新样态与引导策略

为规范学生的网络行为,对微时代背景下高职院校学生网络行为新样态与引导策略进行了探讨。论述了微时代的概念与高职学生的特点,阐明了微时代给高职院校学生网络行为新样态带来的挑战:微时代的引导作用被忽视,受到不良网络信息的影响。分析了微时代给高职学生网络行为新样态带来的机遇:有效实现了信息资源共享,丰富了教学资源和教学空间,提高了教师综合素质,拓宽了交流渠道。提出了微时代背景下高职院校学生网络行为新样态策略:完善课程体系,提升教学质量,加强高职学生思想教育,将思政知识与安全知识融入到学生的日常学习和生活中,避免受到不良网络信息的影响;建设网络信息平台,科学引导学生网络行为,丰富教育教学内容,激发学生的参与热情,引导学生树立正确的思想观念;以情感互动为手段,增强师生间交流,在潜移默化中强化对学生的思想教育,提升学生管理工作成效,从而加强微时代背景下的高职院校网络行为新样态引导,规范学生的网络行为。

通络润燥方治疗瘀血阻络型干燥综合征并小纤维神经病的疗效

目的观察通络润燥方治疗瘀血阻络型原发性干燥综合征(pSS)合并小纤维神经病(SFN)的疗效。方法纳入2014年1月至2018年2月柳州市人民医院pSS合并SFN患者50例。采用随机对照研究,将合格受试者随机分为观察组及对照组各25例。两组均予硫酸羟氯喹、醋酸泼尼松片及甲钴胺分散片治疗,观察组加予通络润燥方,疗程12周。观察两组治疗前后干燥综合征疾病活动度指数、中医证候积分、临床疗效、交感神经皮肤反应及安全性反应。结果两组治疗前后干燥综合征疾病活动度指数、中医证候积分、交感神经皮肤反应差异有统计学意义(P <0.01),观察组改善优于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组总有效率(92%)高于对照组(78%,P <0.01)。结论通络润燥方可明显改善瘀血阻络型pSS合并SFN患者症状及小纤维损伤程度。

脑血管疾病中眼底特征研究进展

脑血管疾病作为全球的公共卫生问题,其发病率及死亡率呈持续上升趋势,给患者及社会造成了严重负担。眼底血管与脑血管具有相似的病理及生理学特征,同时也是唯一可在活体上观察到的微血管,为非侵入性评价脑微循环及脑功能提供了一个窗口。本文通过综述脑血管疾病中眼底特征的研究现状,总结了不同眼底特征在脑卒中发生及复发中的预测作用及其与脑小血管病发生的相关性,从而指导脑血管疾病的筛查及预防。

基于代谢组学的多西他赛调控肺癌细胞代谢重编程研究

背景与目的多西他赛是一种临床常用的抗肿瘤药物,是晚期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)的一线用药。然而,多西他赛抗NSCLC作用的分子机制尚不明确。研究表明肿瘤细胞的代谢重编程在肿瘤发生发展过程中发挥重要作用。本研究旨在通过结合代谢组学分析及生物学手段来探讨多西他赛所影响的NSCLC细胞代谢通路。方法首先,通过CCK-8实验分析多西他赛对NSCLC细胞活力的影响,筛选合适药物浓度。接下来,通过基于气相色谱质谱联用(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, GC-MS)的代谢组学技术分析多西他赛处理和未处理的A549和H1299细胞。并通过统计学计算得到处理组和未处理组间的差异代谢物。最后,通过蛋白质免疫印迹分析(Western blot)多西他赛对其所调控的相关代谢途径中关键酶蛋白质表达水平的影响。结果多西他赛可时间依赖和浓度依赖地抑制A549和H1299细胞活力。随着多西他赛处理时间延长,凋亡敏感蛋白质多聚二磷酸腺苷核糖聚合酶[Poly(ADP-)Polymerase, PARP]逐渐被激活裂解形成P89片段。代谢组学分析发现,药物处理后的A549和H1299细胞内,8种代谢物均发生显著变化,主要集中于三羧酸(tricarboxylic acid, TCA)循环代谢通路。同时,药物处理后,TCA循环关键调控酶异柠檬酸脱氢酶蛋白质表达水平显著下降。结论多西他赛诱导NSCLC增殖抑制及凋亡的效应可能与下调异柠檬酸脱氢酶,进而抑制三羧酸循环代谢途径有关。

油莎豆的营养成分、生物活性及其应用研究进展

油莎豆是一种含有丰富的营养成分和多种生物活性物质的新兴油料植物,凭借着高油酸和淀粉含量,以及抗氧化、降血糖血脂、抗菌等生物活性,受到食品、营养保健和畜牧生产领域的广泛关注。近年来,油莎豆在食品、保健品和畜牧生产等领域的应用范围逐渐扩大,系统研究油莎豆的营养特性及其生物活性具有重要意义。本文概括了近年来油莎豆主要营养成分(油脂、蛋白质及多糖等)及其生物活性(降低血糖血脂、抑菌和抗氧化等)的最新研究进展,同时总结了油莎豆在食品、畜牧养殖与医疗保健等领域的综合利用现状,分析了存在的问题,展望了油莎豆未来的发展方向,以期为油莎豆资源的深度开发利用提供理论依据。

NaOH溶液预处理马铃薯淀粉对其微观结构影响

NaOH预处理淀粉是淀粉改性过程中常用的预处理方法,但是对预处理后的微观结构变化研究较少。以马铃薯淀粉为原料,2%NaOH溶液为预处理剂,获得预处理淀粉(STn),以水热糊化预处理淀粉(HST)为对照样,对STn微观结构进行了考察。结果表明,当预处理时间为10 min时,STn的“马耳他”十字完全消失,“B”型结晶结构消失,马铃薯淀粉颗粒形态被破坏,表面出现大量孔洞和凝胶化现象;原淀粉相对分子质量由129.48×10^(4)降低至96.68×10^(4)。

精神分裂症幻听的磁共振成像研究进展

精神分裂症是严重危害人类健康的严重性精神障碍,临床异质性极大,其防治一直是全球性医学难题。精神分裂症的临床症状复杂多样,因此基于阳性症状对精神分裂症进行亚分型具有十分重要的临床意义。幻听是精神分裂症的主要症状之一,高达60%~90%的患者伴有幻听症状,这也是精神分裂症诊断标准中的一项重要内容,因此幻听目前已被认为是精神分裂症的核心临床症状,阐明这一症状的神经机制对于进一步理解其疾病本质具有十分重要的科学意义和临床价值。现通过系统回顾精神分裂症幻听的磁共振成像(MRI)研究相关文献,探讨精神分裂症幻听研究现状及神经机制。

2019冠状病毒病爆发期间城市居民午睡与抑郁情绪的关系研究

目的:探索2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)爆发期间城市居民午睡与抑郁情绪的关系,为突发公共卫生事件期间城市居民抑郁情绪的预防提供科学依据。方法:基于WELL中国队列人群,于2020年4月8日至2020年5月29日通过电话访谈获取COVID-19爆发期间被调查者的健康与生活方式信息,最终纳入3075名18~80岁杭州市拱墅区城市居民的调查资料。采用世界卫生组织五项身心健康指标测量抑郁情绪,多元logistic回归模型分析调查对象午睡状况与抑郁情绪的关系。结果:COVID-19爆发期间约有20.6%的城市居民出现抑郁情绪;在一般人群中,有午睡行为尤其是午睡时长不超过30 min与抑郁情绪发生风险(OR=0.61,95%CI:0.47~0.79,P<0.01)、新发抑郁情绪风险(OR=0.66,95%CI:0.50~0.88,P<0.01)较低相关;在有抑郁情绪的城市居民中,仅午睡时长不超过30 min有利于抑郁情绪改善(OR=0.42,95%CI:0.21~0.82,P<0.05)。结论:2019冠状病毒病爆发期间,约有1/5的城市居民存在抑郁情绪,短时间的午睡可能是抑郁情绪的保护因素。

脑源性神经营养因子和血清素再摄取转运体编码基因甲基化与卒中预后的关系

DNA甲基化与卒中预后相关。脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)基因及血清素再摄取转运体编码基因——溶质载体家族6成员4(solute carrier family 6,member 4,SLC6A4)基因表达均受到DNA甲基化调控,可能通过多种途径在改善卒中患者的临床预后方面发挥重要作用。BDNF基因启动子区域的甲基化会导致BDNF的合成减少,从而通过抑制细胞黏附、细胞增殖、血管生成等多种机制影响卒中后的功能恢复;BDNF基因甲基化与神经可塑性相关,这可能解释其对卒中后康复治疗的影响;BDNF基因甲基化使杏仁核和海马体对恐惧的反射增强,导致卒中患者更容易出现焦虑、抑郁症状。SLC6A4基因启动子区域高甲基化水平可能导致5-羟色胺能轴调节障碍,进而促进大脑和外周血小板聚集和局部血管收缩,增加心脑血管事件的复发风险;SLC6A4基因甲基化可能通过影响运动皮质兴奋性、神经元可塑性以及影响炎症因子和免疫介质的释放,影响卒中后康复;同时可能通过影响海马神经元的可塑性以及犬尿氨酸轴、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴的平衡与卒中后抑郁的发生相关。本文主要通过综述既往相关研究,重点介绍BDNF和SLC6A4基因甲基化对卒中预后的影响以及可能的作用机制。