Proton‑Prompted Ligand Exchange to Achieve High‑Efficiency CsPbI_(3) Quantum Dot Light‑Emitting Diodes

CsPbI_(3)perovskite quantum dots(QDs)are ideal materials for the next generation of red light-emitting diodes.However,the low phase stability of CsPbI_(3)QDs and long-chain insulating capping ligands hinder the improvement of device performance.Traditional in-situ ligand replacement and ligand exchange after synthesis were often difficult to control.Here,we proposed a new ligand exchange strategy using a proton-prompted insitu exchange of short 5-aminopentanoic acid ligands with long-chain oleic acid and oleylamine ligands to obtain stable small-size CsPbI_(3)QDs.This exchange strategy maintained the size and morphology of CsPbI_(3)QDs and improved the optical properties and the conductivity of CsPbI_(3)QDs films.As a result,high-efficiency red QD-based light-emitting diodes with an emission wavelength of 645 nm demonstrated a record maximum external quantum efficiency of 24.45%and an operational half-life of 10.79 h.

UPLC-Q-TOF测定化妆品中9种硝基苯类化合物

建立了超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱筛查确证化妆品中9种硝基苯类化合物的分析方法。样品经乙酸乙酯提取后,钯碳5%Pd催化氢化,以0.1%(V/V)甲酸水-乙腈为流动相在Poroshell 120 EC-C18(100 mm×4.6 mm,2.7µm)色谱柱上进行梯度洗脱,正离子模式下采用信息依赖性扫描(Auto MS/MS CID)模式采集图谱,以保留时间、一级母离子精确质量数、同位素丰度比、二级子离子精确质量数构建筛查数据库并对检测结果检索,实现化妆品中9种硝基苯类化合物的筛查确证,以分子离子精确质量数提取色谱峰面积定量。结果表明,9种硝基苯类化合物的氢化产物线性关系良好,相关系数(r)大于0.999,方法的检出限为0.01~0.3 mg/kg,定量限为0.04~2.0 mg/kg。膏霜、化妆水、爽身粉、唇膏基质在三个加标水平下的回收率为85.2%~113%,RSD为0.23%~3.61%。该法准确、灵敏、专属性好,适用于化妆品中硝基苯类化合物的筛查和定量分析。

Mechanism of immune attack in the progression of obesity-related type 2 diabetes

Obesity and overweight are widespread issues in adults,children,and adolescents globally,and have caused a noticeable rise in obesity-related complications such as type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Chronic low-grade inflammation is an important promotor of the pathogenesis of obesity-related T2DM.This proinflammatory activation occurs in multiple organs and tissues.Immune cellmediated systemic attack is considered to contribute strongly to impaired insulin secretion,insulin resistance,and other metabolic disorders.This review focused on highlighting recent advances and underlying mechanisms of immune cell infiltration and inflammatory responses in the gut,islet,and insulin-targeting organs(adipose tissue,liver,skeletal muscle)in obesity-related T2DM.There is current evidence that both the innate and adaptive immune systems contribute to the development of obesity and T2DM.

Reduced Imaging Time and Improved Image Quality of 3D Isotropic T2-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Compressed Sensing for the Female Pelvis

This study is to compare three-dimensional(3D)isotropic T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)with compressed sensing-sampling perfection with application optimized contrast(CS-SPACE)and the conventional image(3D-SPACE)sequence in terms of image quality,estimated signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),relative contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR),and the lesions’conspicuous of the female pelvis.Thirty-six females(age:51,28-73)with cervical carcinoma(n=20),rectal carcinoma(n=7),or uterine fibroid(n=9)were included.Patients underwent magnetic resonance(MR)imaging at a 3T scanner with the sequences of 3D-SPACE,CS-SPACE,and twodimensional(2D)T2-weighted turbo-spin echo(TSE).Quantitative analyses of estimated SNR and relative CNR between tumors and other tissues,image quality,and tissue conspicuity were performed.Two radiologists assessed the difference in diagnostic findings for carcinoma.Quantitative values and qualitative scores were analyzed,respectively.The estimated SNR and the relative CNR of tumor-to-muscle obturator internus,tumor-to-myometrium,and myometrium-to-muscle obturator internus was comparable between 3D-SPACE and CS-SPACE.The overall image quality and the conspicuity of the lesion scores of the CS-SPACE were higher than that of the 3D-SPACE(P<0.01).The CS-SPACE sequence offers shorter scan time,fewer artifacts,and comparable SNR and CNR to conventional 3D-SPACE,and has the potential to improve the performance of T2-weighted images.

Low-noise,low-power-consumption seafloor vector magnetometer

The seafloor vector magnetometer is an effective tool for marine geomagnetic surveys and seafloor magnetotelluric(MT)detection.However,the noise,power consumption,cost,and volume characteristics of existing seafloor vector magnetometers are insufficient for practical use.Therefore,a low-noise,low-power-consumption seafloor vector magnetometer that can be used for data acquisition of deep-ocean geomagnetic vector components is developed and presented.A seafloor vector magnetometer mainly consists of a fluxgate sensor,data acquisition module,acoustic release module,glass sphere,frame,burn-wire release,and anchor.A new low-noise data acquisition module and a fluxgate sensor greatly reduce power consumption.Furthermore,compact size is achieved by integrating an acoustic telemetry module and replacing the acoustic release with an external burn-wire release.The new design and magnetometer characteristics reduce the volume of the instrument and the cost of hardware considerably,thereby improving the integrity and deployment efficiency of the equipment.Theoretically,it can operate for 90 days underwater at a maximum depth of 6000 m.The seafloor vector magnetometer was tested in the South China Sea and the Philippine Sea and obtained high-quality geomagnetic data.The deep-water environment facilitates magnetic field data measurements,and the magnetometer has an approximate noise level of 10 pT/rt(Hz)@1 Hz,a peak-to-peak value error of 0.2 nT,and approximate power consumption of 200 mW.The fluxgate sensor can measure the magnetic field in the lower frequency band and realize geomagnetic field measurements over prolonged periods.

Chinese quality control indices for standardized diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer(2022 edition)

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the digestive system,and the number of deaths continues to increase.The standardized management of the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer is challenging due to the great differences in the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer in different regions.The Gastric Cancer Expert Committee of the National Cancer Quality Control Center(NCQCC)identified a lack of authoritative quality control standards as an opportunity to utilize its multidisciplinary membership to improve the standardized diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.The Gastric Cancer Expert Committee of the NCQCC aims to promote quality control and national standardization,uniformity,and normalization of gastric cancer diagnosis and treatment,which ultimately improved the survival rate and quality of life of gastric cancer patients.A panel of experts with gastrointestinal cancer surgery,gastrointestinal cancer medicine,medical imaging,pathology and radiotherapy were drawn together and determined the quality control standards for the standardized diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.The authors then utilized a modified Delphi approach to generate consensus recommendations.

Gastric volvulus presenting as an acute coronary syndrome with long-lasting electrocardiographic changes

A sixty-one-year-old male,with a medical history of coronary heart disease and myocardial bridge (not confirmed by cardiac catheterization) in the past three years and a 1-h history of sudden onset nausea,retching,diaphoresis,epigastric discomfort without any chest pain.The electrocardiogram revealed ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) changes (Figure 1A).Urgent cardiac catheterization revealed mild myocardial bridge in the middle of the left anterior descending (LAD)(10% systolic compression) and normal left ventricular function without regional wall motion abnormalities.Three high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (HSTNT) titers done at 4,8 and 20 h from the onset of symptoms were HSTNT =10.5 pg/mL,10.9 pg/mL,25.4 pg/mL (less than 26.2) with CK-MB = 3 pg/mL,18 pg/mL,13 pg/mL (< 25) and the myoglobin levels were = 34.8 pg/mL,39.6 pg/mL,44.5 pg/mL (< 140.1),respectively.

Miniaturized Fiber-Optic Fabry-Perot Interferometer for Highly Sensitive Refractive Index Measurement

This paper presents a novel miniaturized fiber-optic Fabry-Peort interferometer （FPI） for highly sensitive refractive index measurement. This device was tested for the refractive indices of various liquids including acetone and ethanol at room temperature. The sensitivity for measurement of refractive index change of ethanol is 1138 nm/RIU at the wavelength of 1550 nm. In addition, the sensor fabrication is simple including only cleaving, splicing, and etching. The signal is stable with high visibility. Therefore, it provides a valuable tool in biological and chemical applications.

Wafer-scale heterogeneous integration of self-powered lead-free metal halide UV photodetectors with ultrahigh stability and homogeneity

Large-scale growth and heterogeneous integration with existing semiconductors are the main obstacles to the application of metal halide perovskites in optoelectronics.Herein,a universal vacuum evaporation strategy is presented to prepare copper halide films with wafer-scale spatial homogeneity.Benefiting from the electric field manipulation method,the built-in electric fields are optimized and further boost the self-powered UV photodetecting performances of common wide-bandgap semiconductors by more than three orders of magnitude.Furthermore,with effective modulation of the interfacial charge dynamics,the as-fabricated GaN-substrate heterojunction photodetector demonstrates an ultrahigh on/off ratio exceeding 107,an impressive responsivity of up to 256 mA W^(-1),and a remarkable detectivity of 2.16×10^(13) Jones at 350 nm,0 V bias.Additionally,the device exhibits an ultrafast response speed(t r/t d=716 ns/1.30 ms),an ultra-narrow photoresponse spectrum with an FWHM of 18 nm and outstanding continuous operational stability as well as long-term stability.Subsequently,a 372-pixel light-powered imaging sensor array with the coefficient of variation of photocurrents reducing to 5.20%is constructed,which demonstrates exceptional electrical homogeneity,operational reliability,and UV imaging capability.This strategy provides an efficient way for large-scale integration of metal halide perovskites with commercial semiconductors for miniature optoelectronic devices.

Topological Landau–Zener nanophotonic circuits

Topological edge states(TESs),arising from topologically nontrivial phases,provide a powerful toolkit for the architecture design of photonic integrated circuits,since they are highly robust and strongly localized at the boundaries of topological insulators.It is highly desirable to be able to control TES transport in photonic implementations.Enhancing the coupling between the TESs in a finite-size optical lattice is capable of exchanging light energy between the boundaries of a topological lattice,hence facilitating the flexible control of TES transport.However,existing strategies have paid little attention to enhancing the coupling effects between the TESs through the finite-size effect.Here,we establish a bridge linking the interaction between the TESs in a finite-size optical lattice using the Landau–Zener model so as to provide an alternative way to modulate/control the transport of topological modes.We experimentally demonstrate an edge-to-edge topological transport with high efficiency at telecommunication wavelengths in silicon waveguide lattices.Our results may power up various potential applications for integrated topological photonics.

中國實用新型制度現存問題分析及改革建議

一、前言中國國家知識産權局(以下簡稱'國知局')受理的實用新型申請量一直保持着迅猛的增長勢頭,2017年高達1,687,593件~1。就2017年實用新型申請量而言,WIPO的統計數據顕示,位居第二的國家是德國,其申請量爲13,301件~2。這也就是説,中國與德國之比至少是125比1。即便是考慮到中國人口衆多的因素,中國也遥遥領先德國,從每一萬居民的平均申請量來看,中國將近13件,而德國不到2件。中國的實用新型申請量幾乎佔到全世界實用新型申請總量~3的96%。2018年中國實用新型申請量突破二百萬件,又達到一個新的高峰(2,072,311件4)。

Thermal error modeling based on BiLSTM deep learning for CNC machine tool

The machining accuracy of computer numerical control machine tools has always been a focus of the manufacturing industry.Among all errors,thermal error affects the machining accuracy considerably.Because of the significant impact of Industry 4.0 on machine tools,existing thermal error modeling methods have encountered unprecedented challenges in terms of model complexity and capability of dealing with a large number of time series data.A thermal error modeling method is proposed based on bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)deep learning,which has good learning ability and a strong capability to handle a large group of dynamic data.A four-layer model framework that includes BiLSTM,a feedforward neural network,and the max pooling is constructed.An elaborately designed algorithm is proposed for better and faster model training.The window length of the input sequence is selected based on the phase space reconstruction of the time series.The model prediction accuracy and model robustness were verified experimentally by three validation tests in which thermal errors predicted by the proposed model were compensated for real workpiece cutting.The average depth variation of the workpiece was reduced from approximately 50μm to less than 2μm after compensation.The reduction in maximum depth variation was more than 85%.The proposed model was proved to be feasible and effective for improving machining accuracy significantly.

Starch supplementation improves the reproductive performance of sows in different glucose tolerance status

This study was to evaluate the effects of glucose tolerance status,maternal starch supplementation and soybean substitution in diets on the performance of dams and their offspring.Eighty-eight pregnant sows(Landrace x Large White)were selected from an initial total of 120 sows,based on blood glucose test values,and assigned to 4 experimental treatments in a 2×2 factorial design.The factors were glucose tolerance status(glucose intolerant[GIT]vs.normal glucose tolerant[NGT])or dietary treatments(corn starch diet[CS]vs.soybean substitution diet[SSI]).A higher area under the curve(AUC)for post-meal glucose was observed(P<0.05)in the GIT group than in the NGT group on d 109 of gestation.The CS group had a lower value of homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance than the SS group(P<0.05)on d 109 of gestation.Corn starch supplementation for sows decreased the stillbirth rate(P<0.05),regardless of the sows’glucose tolerance status.The villus height of the jejunum and the villus height to crypt depth ratio of the ileum were greater in normal birth weight piglets from the CS group than from the SS group(P<0.01),and so was the activity of sucrase in the jejunum and ileum(P<0.01).Compared with the SS group,the CS group showed a reduction in pre-weaning mortality rate,an increase in the number of high-birth-weight piglets,and a decrease in the number of low-birth-weight piglets(P<0.05)under GIT status.In conclusion,sows fed CS decreased stillbirth rate and improved insulin resistance,as well as improving the intestinal morphology and digestive enzyme activities of their progeny,regardless of glucose tolerance status.Additionally,the CS group improved birth weight distribution and decreased pre-weaning mortality rate of piglets under GIT status.

Three-dimensional structure and micro-mechanical properties of iron ore sinter

A new analysis method based on serial sectioning and three-dimensional（3 D）reconstruction was developed to characterize the mineral microstructure of iron ore sinter.Through the 3 Dreconstruction of two types of iron ore sinters,the morphology and distribution of minerals in three-dimensional space were analyzed,and the volume fraction of minerals in a 3 Dimage was calculated based on their pixel points.In addition,the microhardness of minerals was measured with a Vickers hardness tester.Notably,different mineral compositions and distributions are obtained in these two sinters.The calcium ferrite in Sinter 1 is dendritic with many interconnected pores,and these grains are crisscrossed and interwoven;the calcium ferrite in Sinter 2 is strip shaped and interweaves with magnetite,silicate and columnar pores.The calculated mineral contents based on a two-dimensional region are clearly different among various layers.Quantitative analysis shows that Sinter 1 contains a greater amount of calcium ferrite and hematite,whereas Sinter 2 contains more magnetite and silicate.The microhardness of minerals from highest to lowest is hematite,calcium ferrite,magnetite and silicate.Thus,Sinter 1 has a greater tumbler strength than Sinter 2.

Doublet achromatic metalens for broadband optical retroreflector

A retroreflector that reflects light along its incident direction has found numerous applications in photonics, but the available metasurface schemes suffer from the issue of narrow bandwidth and/or a single angle of incidence. Here, a retroreflector using double layers of achromatic gradient metasurfaces is reported, which can realize retroreflection over a continuous range of incidence angles within a wide spectral band. The first metasurface serves as a transmissive achromatic lens that performs a broadband spatial Fourier transform and its inverse, while the second metasurface works as a reflective achromatic lens that undergoes wavelength-and position-dependent phase dispersions. Using this design strategy, a near-infrared retroreflector comprised of silicon nanopillars with the cross sections of square pillars and square holes is numerically demonstrated, providing a high-performance retroreflection for polarization-independent incident light waves over a continuous range of incidence angles from 0° to 16° within an extremely broad wavelength range between 1.35 and 1.95 μm. The scheme herein can offer a design strategy of broadband retroreflectors and impact numerous photonics applications.

A novel and simple nitrogen-doped carbon/polyaniline electrode material for supercapacitors

We demonstrated a simple and environment-friendly method in thepreparation of N-doped carbon/PANI(NCP)composite without binder.The structureand the property of NCP have been characterized by XPS,IR,XRD,SEM,CV,GCD and EIS.The results reveal that NCP has high capacitance performance of up to 615 F·g^(-1)at 0.6A·g^(-1).Additionally,the asymmetric NCP_(300)/lcarbon supercapacitor delivers a highcapacitance(111 F·g^(-1)at 1A·g^(-1))and a capacity retention rate of 82%after 1200 cyclesat 2A·g^(-1).The ASC cell could deliver a high energy density of 39.1 W·h·kg^(-1)at a powerdensity of 792.6 W·kg^(-1).

High-Precision Magnetic Field Sensor Based on Fiber Bragg Grating and Dual-Loop Optoelectronic Oscillator

A novel fiber-optic magnetic field sensor with high interrogation speed and resolution by using an etched fiber Bragg grating(FBG)in conjunction with a dual-loop optoelectronic oscillator(OEO)is proposed and experimentally demonstrated.A commercial FBG is firstly dipped into mixed hydrofluoric acid solution to remove the cladding layer and then is embedded with the magnetic fluid(MF)as a sensing element.The central wavelength reflected from the FBG is related to the overall time delay of the dual-loop OEO,which determines the oscillating frequency of the OEO.Therefore,the magnetic field can be estimated by measuring the oscillating frequency shift of OEO.The experimental results show that the oscillating frequency linearly increases with the increment of the magnetic field,achieving the sensitivity of 16.3 Hz/Oe with a R-square of 0.991 in the range of 5 mT-10 mT.In addition,the maximum error is within±0.05 mT in the range of 7 mT-8 mT,which offers potentials in many fields where the high-precision magnetic field measurement is required.

Spiral fractal patterns via hierarchical assembly

Chirality is ubiquitous in nature and manifested at various scale from subatom to galaxy.Fractal geometry is also very popular and active in the world.However,there are few reports on the concept of combining fractal patterns and chiral structures in self-assembled systems.It was found that tree-shaped fractal patterns could be self-assembled from the N-[(9H-fluoren-9-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]protected glutamic acid(Fmoc-Glu)and zinc-porphyrin(ZnTPyP).The fractal pattern was composed of nanorod aggregate arranged in a spiral fractal way,in which the nanorods were stacked one-by-one in a single direction.The patterns started with the formation of initial nucleon and growing,during which the diffusion limited aggregation(DLA)mechanism led to the fractal patterns.Interestingly,the spiral packing and their branches were closely related to the absolute configuration of Fmoc-Glu that anticlockwise and clockwise arrangement for L-Fmoc-Glu/ZnTPyP and D-Fmoc-Glu/ZnTPyP,respectively.Our work provides a new finding on the spiral fractal pattern via hierarchical self-assembly.