基于CPSS视角的需求响应能力评估综述

对信息—物理—社会系统与需求响应评估的结合进行综述。首先对信息物理系统的历史和框架进行分析。接着总结了现有的需求响应研究现状,包括需求响应潜力评估的意义、分类和评估方法。对于需求响应能力评估的数据来源进行总结,包括问卷调查和运行数据采集。在信息—物理—社会系统与需求响应结合方面,分别分析需求响应的物理域、信息域和社会域基础,介绍相应的建模方法和研究内容。最后,对未来的研究展望进行讨论,包括市场考核机制、快速仿真与建模技术以及综合能源下的需求响应管理。

基于深度学习推荐模型的电力市场售电套餐推荐方法

针对售电公司如何在海量售电套餐中精准地为用户进行产品推荐,以及电力用户如何在众多的产品中挑选出符合自身需求套餐的双难问题,提出了一种基于深度学习的深度兴趣进化网络(deep interest evolution network,DIEN)售电套餐推荐算法。首先,将多种推荐模型进行比较,验证DIEN的表现;其次,对模型中的兴趣进化层结构与超参数进行解析;然后,针对DIEN模型在电力市场应用领域的“长尾效应”,在原始模型的兴趣提取层与用户向量之间引入两种门控机制;最后,进行算例分析,结果表明所提方法可在现有基础上提高电力用户的用电套餐适配率,提升电力公司的市场竞争力与电力公司和用户的双向收益。

低温等离子体耦合催化剂处理恶臭气体的效果

为了改善低温等离子体(NTP)技术自身不足所带来的局限性,拓宽其在去除恶臭污染方面的应用,将催化剂与NTP联用并对比两者不同的耦合方式对H_(2)S的降解效果,即比较内置式结构和外置式结构的净化机制和处理效果。结果表明,内置式反应系统中,催化剂颗粒与反应器壁面之间形成的接触点增强了整个系统的放电过程,而外置式耦合系统放电产生的高能电子产量较低。此外,与单独NTP系统相比,内置式耦合系统对H_(2)S有截留作用,使其与活性物质充分接触,提升了放电效率,在35 V时输出效率可达64.79%。

Genome-wide association study of grain micronutrient concentrations in bread wheat

Bread wheat(Triticum aestivum)is a staple food crop worldwide.The genetic dissection of important nutrient traits is essential for the biofortification of wheat to meet the nutritional needs of the world's growing population.Here,45,298 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)from 55K chip arrays were used to genotype a panel of 768 wheat cultivars,and a total of 154 quantitative trait loci(QTLs)were detected for eight traits under three environments by genome-wide association study(GWAS).Three QTLs(qMn-3B.1,qFe-3B.4,and qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6)detected repeatedly under different environments or traits were subjected to subsequent analyses based on linkage disequilibrium decay and the P-values of significant SNPs.Significant SNPs in the three QTL regions formed six haplotypes for qMn-3B.1,three haplotypes for qFe-3B.4,and three haplotypes for qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6.Phenotypic analysis revealed significant differences among haplotypes.These results indicated that the concentrations of several nutrient elements have been modified during the domestication of landraces to modern wheat.Based on the QTL regions,we identified 15 high-confidence genes,eight of which were stably expressed in different tissues and/or developmental stages.TraesCS3B02G046100 in qMn-3B.1 and TraesCS3B02G199500 in qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6 were both inferred to interact with metal ions according to the Gene Ontology(GO)analysis.TraesCS3B02G199000,which belongs to qSe-3B.1/qFe-3B.6,was determined to be a member of the WRKY gene family.Overall,this study provides several reliable QTLs that may significantly affect the concentrations of nutrient elements in wheat grain,and this information will facilitate the breeding of wheat cultivars with improved grain properties.

间苯三酚与山莨菪碱在急诊肾绞痛患者中的应用效果比较

目的探讨间苯三酚与山莨菪碱在急诊肾绞痛患者中的应用效果比较。方法选取2022年3月至2023年9月华中科技大学协和深圳医院急诊收治的86例肾绞痛患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组(43例)和观察组(43例)。对照组采用双氯芬酸钠缓释片+山莨菪碱治疗,研究组采用双氯芬酸钠缓释片+间苯三酚治疗。比较两组临床疗效、疼痛程度[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分]、疼痛缓解时间、镇痛起效时间、不良反应发生率、24 h复发率。结果研究组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组治疗后VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组疼痛缓解时间、镇痛起效时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组不良反应总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组24 h复发率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论间苯三酚作为一种新型解痉止痛药,与山莨菪碱相比起效快,解痉止痛效果显著,且副作用较小,安全性更高,具有临床应用价值。

Geodetic constraints on contemporary three-dimensional crustal deformation in the Laji Shan—Jishi Shan tectonic belt

The Laji Shan—Jishi Shan tectonic belt(LJTB),located in the southern part of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau(NETP),is a tectonic window to reveal regional tectonic deformation in the NETP.However,its kinematics in the Holocene remains controversial.We obtain the latest and dense horizontal velocity field based on data collected from our newly constructed and existing GNSS stations.Combined with fault kinematics from geologic observations,we analyze the crustal deformation characteristics along the LJTB.The results show that:(1)The Laji Shan fault(LJF)is inactive,and the northwest-oriented Jishi Shan fault(JSF)exhibits a significant dextral and thrust slip.(2)The transpression along the arc-shaped LJTB accommodates deformation transformation between the dextral Riyue Shan fault and the sinistral west Qinling fault.(3)With the continuous pushing of the Indian plate,internal strains in the Tibetan Plateau are continuously transferred in the northeast via the LJTB as they are gradually dissipated near the LJTB and translated into significant crustal uplift in these regions.

基于绿电流分析的用户侧消纳责任分配研究

双碳目标的提出促进了我国绿色电力的发展,也对绿色电力消纳提出了新要求。当前阶段,对于用户侧绿电消纳责任分配问题尚未形成统一政策,围绕这一问题,探讨了绿电流分析的必要性,概述了潮流分析、碳流分析、绿电流分析3者的侧重点和对应关系。结合电力系统潮流计算,提出了电力系统绿电流分析理论的基本概念和重要结论,初步形成了绿电流分析的计算方法。通过IEEE 14节点母线系统对所提方法进行验证,分析了不同情况下系统各节点绿电流的分布特点。最后对绿电消纳责任划分、单一机组的绿电流向追踪等应用方向进行了展望。

复合黏结剂制备CDI电极及其脱盐性能研究

电容去离子(CDI)是一种低能耗、环保的含盐水脱盐技术。电极对CDI系统的脱盐起着决定性作用。黏结剂对电极的性能有很大的影响,进而影响CDI脱盐性能。研究选用聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)作为复合黏结剂,利用涂覆法制备活性炭电极,讨论其应用于CDI的可能性。采用流变、接触角、电阻率、SEM、BET、电化学测试等方法对电极性能进行表征,使用自制的脱盐装置,研究复合电极的脱盐性能。结果表明:涂覆电极呈现亲水性,具有较好的稳定性,50次循环伏安后比电容仅下降7.35%,最大比电容可达141.78 F·g^(-1)。随着PTFE的增加,电极亲水性、导电性以及强度略有下降,电极的稳定性略有上升。脱盐结果显示,PTFE/PVDF配比为5∶5时,电极具有良好的脱盐性能,脱盐量达到8.567 mg·g^(-1)。

钢结构中防屈曲支撑设计与施工技术研究

钢结构具有轻质高强、工期短、污染少等优点,但抗侧移刚度小、抗震性能差,常用的抗震措施有增大梁柱截面、提高配筋率和强度等,但这些措施存在不经济、普通支撑构件易变形等问题。结合工程实际对防屈曲支撑BRB在钢结构中的设计与施工技术进行研究。阐述BRB的组成与作用机理,通过采用D值法、设定抗侧刚度比对BRB构件进行选型与布置,并通过有限元软件SAP2000对结构进行动力弹塑性时程分析,验证设计可行性;通过试验得出所选构件材料性能满足要求,最后通过BIM深化梳形预埋件、气体保护焊等施工方法完成安装并验收合格。BRB作为结构耗能减震元件,可大幅吸收地震能量且不发生屈曲,提高结构抗震能力的同时节约用钢量。

Extraction of transient signal from GPS position time series by employing ICA

Transient deformation,such as post-seismic slip,slow slip and pre-seismic slip events,is a limited lowfrequency deformation that can last for hours to months,in contrast to a sudden slip on a fault caused by earthquakes.Continuous Global Positioning System(CGPS),one of the most common geodetic techniques for continuously monitoring crustal deformation,is capable of capturing transient deformation signals.A critical point in characterizing transient deformation signals is the development of extracting and deciphering transient deformation signals from a huge and messy data set of position time series.Principal Component Analysis(PCA),one of the data-driven methods,has been employed to derive transient deformation signals from position time series combing with Kalman filtering.Independent Component Analysis(ICA)performs well in recovering and separating the sources of observed data,however,it is rarely used in extracting transient deformation signals.We aim to decompose the transient deformation signals from the daily GPS observation deployed in Akutan Island from 2007 to 2015 with the ICA method and obtain the spatiotemporal responses to the source signals of transient deformation.Our results indicate that ICA method can also characterize effectively transient deformation signals spatially and temporally.Additionally,the independent relationship between sources obtained by ICA allows for flexibility in linearly combining different sources.

Vertical deformation before and after the 2022 Menyuan Ms6.9 earthquake and analysis of earthquake precursors

This study analyzed the vertical deformation before and after the 2022 Menyuan Ms6.9 earthquake in Qinghai Province,China,using leveling profiles across faults measured from Minle County in Gansu Province to Menyuan County in Qinghai Province.Our results suggest the following:(1)The amplitude of regional vertical differential motion near the Sunna-Qilian and Lenglongling faults within the Qilian Shan increased before the 2022 Menyuan earthquake.It was accompanied by the emergence of high gradient deformation zones.Deformation at the Tongziba cross-fault leveling site near the Sunan-Qilian fault was considerable.In contrast,deformation at the Daliang cross-fault leveling site near the stepover region(adjacent to the epicenter)between the Lenglongling and Tuolaishan faults was minor.After 2018,vertical deformation at the Tongziba site notably accelerated,while that at the Daliang site was insignificant.(2)After the 2022 Menyuan earthquake,140—150 mm of subsidence deformation occurred near the Daliang site,while the Tongziba site did not experience significant deformation.(3)Vertical deformation before and after the 2022 Menyuan earthquake conforms with the elastic-rebound theory,and the evolution of pre-earthquake deformation was consistent with the strike-slip fault deformation pattern at different seismogenic stages,i.e.,the relative motion near the locked fault in the late seismogenic stage gradually weakened.The characteristics of strain accumulation and release derived from the vertical deformation before and after the Menyuan MS6.9 earthquake help understand the deformation process of earthquake preparation and earthquake precursors.

The KL system in wheat permits homoeologous crossing over between closely related chromosomes

The Chinese wheat landrace Kaixianluohanmai(KL)expresses the ph-like phenotype.A major QTL,QPh.sicau-3A(syn.phKL),responsible for this effect has been mapped to chromosome arm 3AL.This study presents some characteristics of homoeologous pairing and recombination induced by phKL.In KL haploids,the level of homoeologous pairing was elevated relative to Ph1 Chinese Spring(CS)haploids.There was a clear preference for A–D pairing and less frequent for A–B and B–D,reflecting the higher levels of affinity between genomes A and D in wheat.The characteristics of pairing were affected by temperature and magnesium ion supplementation.The suitability of phKL for chromosome engineering was tested on three pairs of homoeologues:2Sv-2B,2Sv-2D,and 2RL-2BL.The recombination rates were 1.68%,0.17%,and 0%,respectively.The phKL locus in KL induced a moderate level of homoeologous chromosome pairing and recombination when the Ph1 locus of wheat was present,both in wheat haploids and hexaploids.The Ph1-imposed criteria for chromosome pairing and crossing over were relaxed to some degree,permitting homoeologous crossing over but only between closely related chromosomes;there was no crossing over between more differentiated chromosomes.Therefore,the phKL system(QPh.sicau-3A)can be a useful tool in chromosome engineering of wheat to transfer genes from closely related species with the benefit of reduced genomic chaos generated by the ph1b mutation.

《伤寒杂病论》中抑郁症相关病证和方证的辨析

文章通过分析《伤寒杂病论》中抑郁症相关病证和方证的因机证治,及后世医家对相关病证和方证的论述,总结归纳其辨治规律为:抑郁症相关病证和方证均因情志不舒发病,或思虑过多,或惊恐刺激,或七情郁结所致,可致肝郁失疏、气机不畅、气滞痰凝、气郁化火、火热伤阴等病机变化;病变部位涉及肝、心、脾、胃等脏腑;治疗以疏肝理气、和解枢机为主,或清泄肝胆养血和胃、或补益心脾宁心安神、或顺气开结化痰、或养阴清热。该规律的总结为抑郁症的中医临床辨治提供了理论依据和临床指导。

耳内镜下经外耳道切除上鼓室胆脂瘤35例疗效分析

目的探讨耳内镜下经外耳道入路治疗上鼓室胆脂瘤的可行性、手术方法及疗效。方法回顾分析2014年1月～2017年1月在徐州市中心医院接受耳内镜手术的35例(35耳)中耳上鼓室胆脂瘤患者的临床资料。35例患者中男20例,女15例;年龄22～66岁,平均年龄42. 8岁;病程2～20个月,平均10个月。所有患者均在全麻耳内镜下手术,根据胆脂瘤大小决定手术范围。12例行上鼓室重建,10耳听骨链破坏或缺失者,行部分人工听骨重建(partial ossicular replacement prosthesis,PORP)。结果 35耳上鼓室胆脂瘤病灶均彻底清除,未出现面瘫及脑脊液漏等并发症。所有患者术后随访1年以上,患者鼓膜愈合良好,移植物形态良好。耳内镜检查或者颞骨薄层CT检查未见胆脂瘤复发,术后听力提高22例(62. 8%),听力无变化10例(28. 6%),听力下降3例(8. 6%),平均气导听阈与气骨导差均有改善,术后0. 5、1、2、4 k Hz平均气导听阈为(29. 234±8. 38) d B,与术前的(43. 64±8. 38) d B比较差异具有统计学意义(P <0. 05);术后0. 5、1、2、4 k Hz平均气骨导差值为(15. 27±6. 74) d B,与术前的(28. 27±5. 94) d B比较差异具有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论耳内镜下经外耳道上鼓室胆脂瘤切除术是有效的手术方法,复发率低,听力改善明显,与传统显微镜手术相比有优越性。

女性卵巢激素与睡眠和认知功能的关系

认知功能下降的机制复杂,其中性别扮演重要角色,临床研究证明在认知功能的发病率上,男性和女性有明显差异。一方面,女性体内的卵巢激素可以影响人的认知功能及睡眠,绝经后卵巢激素的缺乏可加速认知功能下降,并且卵巢激素的波动也会影响睡眠;另外一方面,睡眠对认知功能有重要作用,频繁的睡眠剥夺也可以导致认知功能下降。通过对卵巢激素、睡眠、认知功能障碍三者之间关系的研究,可以为认知功能障碍的治疗提供临床指导。

利用特征分割和病斑增强的杨树叶部病害识别

【目的】针对杨树Populus黑星病早期特征和杨树花叶病病斑不明显的特点,提出通过对图像集进行预处理的方法以提高识别精度的方案。【方法】为去除图像背景的影响,采用基于改进的Canny算子边缘检测法并结合霍斯变换提取叶片轮廓;借助限制对比度自适应直方图均衡化算法降低局部光照不均带来的影响并增强病斑的特征;使用自适应阈值的OTSU分割算法提取病斑图像。最后将预处理得到的病斑特征二值化图像和病斑图像,分别输入由5个卷积层、3个全连接层、650 000个神经元及超过6 000万个学习参数的Alexnet神经网络进行训练并验证准确率。【结果】研究最终分别获得93.56%和98.07%的验证集识别精度,较原图像实验组88.77%的识别精度有显著提升。提出的提取叶片轮廓的结合方法能够完整提取不同背景下的叶片主体图像,有效避免目标叶片的背景干扰;限制对比度自适应直方图均衡化算法对自然环境下拍摄产生的不均匀光照有较好的处理效果,有效降低反光等因素的干扰。【结论】几种病害图像预处理对提高识别精度效果明显,识别能力远超过未经处理的原始病害图像识别,有助于提高杨树叶部病害的智能识别能力。

无人直升机着舰控制仿真系统设计与实现

无人直升机UMH(Unmanned helicopter)拥有良好的低速飞行特性和灵活性,使得其舰载场景应用优势十分突出。着舰控制仿真系统主要完成对控制逻辑、控制律以及通信机制的快速测试验证。针对传统陆基型仿真系统难以适应着舰控制仿真需要的问题,秉持平台化、模块化、效率化的原则,完成了对包括飞行控制软件(等效飞控)、视景软件、地面控制软件在内的各个子系统的升级改进,并针对子系统之间的通信交互机制进行了详细设计,使之完全等效于实际飞行场景。测试表明,该仿真系统完成了预定的设计目标。

Astragaloside Ⅳ protects RGC-5 cells against oxidative stress

Astragaloside Ⅳ is the main active compound of Astragalus membranaceus. Astragaloside Ⅳ has strong anti-oxidative activities and protective effects against progression of peripheral neuropathy. In this study, we determined whether astragaloside Ⅳ protects retinal ganglion cells（RGC） from oxidative stress injury using the rat RGC-5 cell line. Hydrogen peroxide（H_2O_2） was used to induce oxidative stress injury, with the protective effect of astragaloside Ⅳ examined. Cell Counting Kit-8 and 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining showed that astragaloside Ⅳ increased cell survival rate and decreased apoptotic cell number. Flow cytometry showed that astragaloside Ⅳ decreased H_2O_2-induced reactive oxygen species levels. While laser confocal microscopy showed that astragaloside Ⅳ inhibited the H_2O_2-induced decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blot assay showed that astragaloside Ⅳ reduced cytochrome c release induced by H_2O_2, inhibited Bax and caspase-3 expression, and increased Bcl-2 expression. Altogether, these results indicate that astragaloside Ⅳ has potential protective effects against H_2O_2-induced oxidative stress in retinal ganglion cells.

超声引导下腰丛-坐骨神经阻滞对老年股骨颈骨折患者疼痛、应激反应的影响

目的:探讨超声引导下腰丛-坐骨神经阻滞对老年股骨颈骨折患者疼痛、应激反应的影响。方法:回顾性分析96例老年股骨颈骨折患者临床资料,51例全麻患者作为对照组,45例超声引导下腰丛-坐骨神经阻滞联合全麻的患者作为观察组。比较两组麻醉情况、术后疼痛度、应激反应及并发症情况。结果:观察组术后苏醒时间、定向力恢复时间、麻醉起效时间、运动阻滞起效时间、感觉阻滞起效时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组术后各时间点VAS评分均低于对照组(P<0.05),且两组VAS评分在术后24 h明显降低(P<0.05)。与麻醉前相比,两组麻醉后15 min、术后15 min NE、ALD及PRA水平均升高(P<0.05);与麻醉后15 min相比,两组术后15 min NE、ALD及PRA水平均升高(P<0.05),且观察组上述各时间点NE、ALD及PRA水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率为8.89%,低于对照组的25.49%(P<0.05)。结论:超声引导下腰丛-坐骨神经阻滞在老年股骨颈骨折手术过程中麻醉效果较好,可提高患者手术镇痛效果,降低应激反应,且安全可靠。

Three-dimensional crustal movement and the activities of earthquakes,volcanoes and faults in Hainan Island,China

Hainan Island is a seismic active region, where Qiongshan M7.5 earthquake occurred in 1605 and several seismic belts appeared in recent years, especially the NS trending seismic belt （NSB） located in the northeast part of the island. Here is also a magmatic active region. The lava from about 100 volcanoes covered more than 4000 km^2. The latest eruptions occurred on Ma＇anling-Lei Huling volcanoes within 10,000 years. The neotectonic movement has been determined by geological method in the island and its adjacent areas. In the paper, the present-day 3D crustal movement is obtained by using Global Positioning System （GPS） data observed from 2009 to 2014 and leveling observations measured in 1970s and 1990s respectively. The results show the horizontal movement is mainly along SEE direction relative to the Eurasian Plate. The velocities are between 4.01 and 6.70 mm/a. The tension rate near the NSB is less than I mm/a. The vertical movement shows the island uplifts as a whole with respect to the reference benchmark Xiuyinggang. The average uplifting rate is 2.4 mm/a. The rates are 2-3 mm/a in the northwest and 3-5mm/a in the northwest. It shows the deformation pattern of the southwest island is upward relative to the northeast, which is different from the result inferred from the coastal change and GPS. Haikou and its adjacent region present a subsidence in a long time. The southern part of the middle segment of the Wangwu-Wenjiao fault uplifts relative to the northern. Meanwhile, the western part uplifts relative to the eastern NSB. The vertical crustal motion and the two normal faults nearly correspond to the terrain. The NSB is located along the Puqiangang-Dazhibo fault, which is assessed as a segmented fault with a dip of 80°-90° and party exposed. The 3D deformations and other studies reveal the present activities of earthquakes, volcanoes and the faults. The small earthquakes will still occur in the NS belt and the volcanoes are not active now.