We present a stable valley photonic crystal(VPC)unit cell with C_(3v)symmetric quasi-ring-shaped dielectric columns and realize its topological phase transition by breaking mirror symmetry.Based on this unit cell stru...We present a stable valley photonic crystal(VPC)unit cell with C_(3v)symmetric quasi-ring-shaped dielectric columns and realize its topological phase transition by breaking mirror symmetry.Based on this unit cell structure,topological edge states(TESs)and topological corner states(TCSs)are realized.We obtain a new type of wave transmission mode based on photonic crystal zipper-like boundaries and apply it to a beam splitter assembled from rectangular photonic crystals(PCs).The constructed beam splitter structure is compact and possesses frequency separation functions.In addition,we construct a box-shaped triangular PC structures with zipper-like boundaries and discover phenomena of TCSs in the corners,comparing its corner states with those formed by other boundaries.Based on this,we explore the regularities of the electric field patterns of TESs and TCSs,explain the connection between the characteristic frequencies and locality of TCSs,which helps better control photons and ensures low power consumption of the system.展开更多
The Cu-exchanged SSZ-13 with the small-pore chabazite framework is considered as a highly efficient catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH_(3)(NH_(3)-SCR).In order to further improve the catalytic pr...The Cu-exchanged SSZ-13 with the small-pore chabazite framework is considered as a highly efficient catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH_(3)(NH_(3)-SCR).In order to further improve the catalytic property,a series of Mn ion-assisted Cu/SSZ-13 powder catalysts were prepared by co-exchange method and stepwise exchange method.It is found that the NH_(3)-SCR activity,N_(2) selectivity,hydrothermal stability and sulfur resistance of Cu/SSZ-13 are promoted by introducing a minority of Mn(0.15%to 0.23%(mass))through co-exchange method.Characterization results reveal that the Cu,Mn co-exchange enables the higher amounts of Cu^(2+)active sites,the abundant medium strong and strong acid,the optimized ratio of Lewis acid to Brønsted acid etc.,which are required for a good NH_(3)-SCR catalytic property over broad temperature range and under harsh working environment.Moreover,a monolithic catalyst was prepared by impregnating a cordierite ceramic support into the coating slurry containing the optimized CuMn/SSZ-13 powder.The diesel engine bench tests show that Cu,Mn co-exchange gives the monolith catalyst a better catalytic property than commercial catalysts.This work provides an important guidance for the rational design of secondary-ion-assisted zeolites applied in NH_(3)-SCR.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion capacitors (ZICs) are considered as potential candidates for next generation electrochemical energy storage devices due to their high safety and low cost.However,the existing aqueous ZICs usually have...Aqueous zinc-ion capacitors (ZICs) are considered as potential candidates for next generation electrochemical energy storage devices due to their high safety and low cost.However,the existing aqueous ZICs usually have the problems of zinc dendrite growth and unsatisfactory performance at low temperature.Herein,an erythritol (Eryt) additive with inhibition of zinc dendrites and anti-freezing capability was introduced into the ZnSO4electrolyte.The experimental characterization and theoretical calculation confirm that the Eryt adsorbed on the surface of zinc anodes regulates the deposition orientation of Zn^(2+) and inhibits the formation of dendrites.It also reconstructs the solvation structure in the electrolyte to reduce water activity,enabling the electrolyte to have a lower freezing point for operation at low temperature.With the assistance of Eryt,the Zn||Zn symmetric cell exhibits a long cycle life of 2000 h,while the ZIC assembled with activated carbon (AC) cathode and zinc anode (Zn||AC) maintains a capacity retention of 98.2% after 30,000 cycles at a current density of 10 A g^(-1)(even after 10,000 cycles at-20°C,the capacity retention rate reached 94.8%.).This work provides a highly scalable,low-cost and effective strategy for the protection of the anodes of low-temperature aqueous ZICs.展开更多
We study the structural and dynamical properties of A209 based on Chandra and XMM-Newton observations.We obtain detailed temperature,pressure,and entropy maps with the contour binning method,and find a hot region in t...We study the structural and dynamical properties of A209 based on Chandra and XMM-Newton observations.We obtain detailed temperature,pressure,and entropy maps with the contour binning method,and find a hot region in the NW direction.The X-ray brightness residual map and corresponding temperature profiles reveal a possible shock front in the NW direction and a cold front feature in the SE direction.Combined with the galaxy luminosity density map we propose a weak merger scenario.A young sub-cluster passing from the SE to NW direction could explain the optical subpeak,the intracluster medium temperature map,the X-ray surface brightness excess,and the X-ray peak offset together.展开更多
BACKGROUND According to current statistics,renal cancer accounts for 3%of all cancers world-wide.Renal cell carcinoma(RCC)is the most common solid lesion in the kidney and accounts for approximately 90%of all renal ma...BACKGROUND According to current statistics,renal cancer accounts for 3%of all cancers world-wide.Renal cell carcinoma(RCC)is the most common solid lesion in the kidney and accounts for approximately 90%of all renal malignancies.Increasing evi-dence has shown an association between immune infiltration in RCC and clinical outcomes.To discover possible targets for the immune system,we investigated the link between tumor-infiltrating immune cells(TIICs)and the prognosis of RCC.AIM To investigate the effects of 22 TIICs on the prognosis of RCC patients and iden-tify potential therapeutic targets for RCC immunotherapy.METHODS The CIBERSORT algorithm partitioned the 22 TIICs from the Cancer Genome Atlas cohort into proportions.Cox regression analysis was employed to evaluate the impact of 22 TIICs on the probability of developing RCC.A predictive model for immunological risk was developed by analyzing the statistical relationship between the subpopulations of TIICs and survival outcomes.Furthermore,multi-variate Cox regression analysis was used to investigate independent factors for the prognostic prediction of RCC.A value of P<0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.RESULTS Compared to normal tissues,RCC tissues exhibited a distinct infiltration of im-mune cells.An immune risk score model was established and univariate Cox regression analysis revealed a significant association between four immune cell types and the survival risk connected to RCC.High-risk individuals were correlated to poorer outcomes according to the Kaplan-Meier survival curve(P=1E-05).The immunological risk score model was demonstrated to be a dependable predictor of survival risk(area under the curve=0.747)via the receiver operating characteristic curve.According to multivariate Cox regression analysis,the immune risk score model independently predicted RCC patients'prognosis(hazard ratio=1.550,95%CI:1.342–1.791;P<0.001).Finally,we established a nomogram that accurately and comprehensively forecast the survival of patients with RCC.CONCLUSION TIICs play various roles in RCC prognosis.The immunological risk score is an independent predictor of poor survival in kidney cancer cases.展开更多
Physical dormancy(PY) commonly present in the seeds of higher plants is believed to be responsible for the germination failure by impermeable seed coat in hard seeds of legume species, instead of physiological dormanc...Physical dormancy(PY) commonly present in the seeds of higher plants is believed to be responsible for the germination failure by impermeable seed coat in hard seeds of legume species, instead of physiological dormancy(PD). In this study, a non-destructive approach involving multispectral imaging was used to successfully identify hard seeds from non-hard seeds in Medicago sativa, with accuracy as high as96.8%–99.0%. We further adopted multiple-omics strategies to investigate the differences of physiology,metabolomics, methylomics, and transcriptomics in alfalfa hard seeds, with non-hard seeds as control.The hard seeds showed dramatically increased antioxidants and 125 metabolites of significant differences in non-targeted metabolomics analysis, which are enriched in the biosynthesis pathways of flavonoids, lipids and hormones, especially with significantly higher ABA, a hormone known to induce dormancy. In our transcriptomics results, the enrichment pathway of “response to abscisic acid” of differential expressed genes(DEG) supported the key role of ABA in metabolomics results. The methylome analysis identified 54,899, 46,216 and 54,452 differential methylation regions for contexts of CpG, CHG and CHH, and 344 DEGs might be regulated by hypermethylation and hypomethylation of promoter and exon regions, including four ABA-and JA-responsive genes. Among 8% hard seeds in seed lots,24.5% still did not germinate after scarifying seed coat, and were named as non-PY hard seeds.Compared to hard seeds, significantly higher contents of ABA/IAA and ABA/JA were identified in nonPY hard seeds, which indicated the potential presence of PD. In summary, the significantly changed metabolites, gene expressions, and methylations all suggested involvement of ABA responses in hard seeds, and germination failure of alfalfa hard seeds was caused by combinational dormancy(PY + PD),rather than PY alone.展开更多
Green sand is a mixture of silica sand,bentonite,water and coal powder,and other additives.Moisture content is an important index to characterize the properties of green sand.Based on the dielectric characteristics of...Green sand is a mixture of silica sand,bentonite,water and coal powder,and other additives.Moisture content is an important index to characterize the properties of green sand.Based on the dielectric characteristics of green sand and transmission line theory,a method for rapidly measuring the moisture content of green sand by means of a low frequency multiprobe detector was proposed.A system was constructed,where six detectors with different arrangements and probes were designed.The experimental results showed that the voltage difference of transmission line increases with the increasing frequency before 29 MHz while decreases after 35 MHz.A voltage difference platform occurs in the range of 29-35 MHz,which is suitable for measuring the moisture content due to its insensitivity to frequency.The electric field intensity gradually decreases with the increase of the probe depth,and the intensity of central probe is always greater than that of the edge probe.When the distance of the probe away from the sand sample surface is 80 mm,the electric field intensity of the edge probe is found to be very weak.The optimal excitation frequency for measuring the moisture content of green sand is 29-33 MHz.The optimal detector is the one with one center probe and three edge probes,and their lengths are 80 mm and 60 mm,respectively.The distance between the center and edge probes is 25 mm,and the diameter of probes is 5 mm.Taking the voltage difference of transmission line,bentonite content,coal powder content and compactability as parameters of the input layer,and the moisture content as a parameter of the output layer,a three-layer BP artificial neural network model for predicting the moisture content of green sand was constructed according to the experimental results at 33 MHz.The prediction error of the model is not higher than 3.3% when the moisture content of green sand is within the range of 3wt.%-7wt.%.展开更多
Terpenoids are the main components contributing to the fragrance of Lilium‘Siberia’,and LiTPS2 plays a critical role in the biosynthesis of monoterpenoids.Although the major terpene synthases in Lilium‘Siberia’hav...Terpenoids are the main components contributing to the fragrance of Lilium‘Siberia’,and LiTPS2 plays a critical role in the biosynthesis of monoterpenoids.Although the major terpene synthases in Lilium‘Siberia’have been identified,how these TPS genes are transcriptionally regulated remains elusive in this distinguished flower.This study aimed to identify transcription factors that regulate the terpene synthesis in Lilium,and disclose the related underlying transcriptional regulation mechanism.In this study,we identified three R2R3-MYB TFs—LiMYB1,LiMYB305 and LiMYB330,which were involved in regulating the biosynthesis of terpenes in Lilium‘Siberia’.Quantitative real-time PCR showed spatial and temporal expression patterns consistent with the emission patterns of terpene compounds.When LiMYB1,LiMYB305 and LiMYB330were overexpressed in flowers,the release of some main monoterpenes,such as linalool and ocimene,as well as the expression of TPS genes,especially for LiTPS2,were enhanced.A virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)assay showed that silencing these three LiMYBs decreased the level of monoterpenes by down-regulating the expression of the TPS genes.The yeast one-hybrid and transient expression assays indicated that all three LiMYBs could bind to and activate the promoter of LiTPS2.Moreover,the yeast two-hybrid assay verified that LiMYB1 could interact with LiMYB308 and LiMYB330,indicating their synergistic roles in the regulation of floral terpene biosynthesis.In general,these results indicated that LiMYB1,LiMYB305,and LiMYB330 might play essential roles in terpene biosynthesis in Lilium and would provide a new perspective for the transcriptional regulation of volatile terpenes in flowers.展开更多
The low temperature coal tar(CT)is taken as the raw material,and the extraction and column chromatography are used for detailed and accurate characterization in this paper.The n-heptane soluble fraction(CT-HS)and inso...The low temperature coal tar(CT)is taken as the raw material,and the extraction and column chromatography are used for detailed and accurate characterization in this paper.The n-heptane soluble fraction(CT-HS)and insoluble fraction(CT-HI)were obtained by n-heptane Soxhlet extraction.The extraction rate of CT-HS reached 92.79%(mass),which indicated that there are few heavy compounds in it.Further,different solvents(methylbenzene,benzene,ethyl acetate,methylbenzene-ethanol)were used to elute CT-HS by chromatographic column to obtain five fractions(saturates,aromatics,heteroatoms,phenolics and resins,named CT-SA,CT-AR,CT-HE,CT-PH,CT-RE,respectively).The yields of CTSA,CT-AR,CT-HE,CT-PH,CT-RE are 42.12%,10.43%,2.19%,9.50%and 6.63%(mass),respectively.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of eluting components show that alkanes are the main components in CT,followed by polycyclic aromatics,and the corresponding fractions are CT-SA and CT-AR,respectively.The relative content of aliphatics in CT-SA is 76.93%,and the relative content of aromatics in CT-AR is 75.05%.This separation technology effectively separates and enriches different components in CT,and the activation energy required for the pyrolysis process of a single eluting fraction is lower than that of CT,which is expected to provide an important reference for the separation,analysis and conversion of complex oil products such as coal-oil co-processing products,coal tar and other complex heavy carbon oil products.展开更多
During the past decades,with the increasing demands in lightweight structural materials,Mg alloys with low density and high performance have been extensively investigated and partly applied in some industries.Especial...During the past decades,with the increasing demands in lightweight structural materials,Mg alloys with low density and high performance have been extensively investigated and partly applied in some industries.Especially when rare earth(RE)elements are added as major alloying elements to Mg alloys,the alloy strength and creep resistance are greatly improved,which have promoted several series of Mg-RE alloys.This paper reviews the progress and developments of high-performance Mg-RE alloys in recent years with emphasis on cast alloys.The main contents include the alloy design,melt purification,grain refinement,castability,novel liquid casting and semisolid forming approaches,and the industrial applications or trials made of Mg-RE alloys.The review will provide insights for future developments of new alloys,techniques and applications of Mg alloys.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a prevalent malignancy,leading to a high incidence of cancer-associated death.Cisplatin(DDP)-based chemotherapy is the principal therapy for clinical GC treatment,but DDP resistance is ...BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a prevalent malignancy,leading to a high incidence of cancer-associated death.Cisplatin(DDP)-based chemotherapy is the principal therapy for clinical GC treatment,but DDP resistance is a severe clinical challenge and the mechanism remains poorly understood.Circular RNAs(circRNAs)have been identified to play crucial roles in modulating the chemoresistance of gastric cancer cells.AIM To explore the effect of circVAPA on chemotherapy resistance during GC progression.METHODS The effect of circVAPA on GC progression and chemotherapy resistance was analyzed by MTT assay,colony formation assay,Transwell assay,wound healing assay,and flow cytometry analysis in GC cells and DDP resistant GC cell lines,and tumorigenicity analysis in nude mice in vivo.The mechanism was investigated by luciferase reporter assay,quantitative real-time PCR,and Western blot analysis.RESULTS CircVAPA expression was up-regulated in clinical GC tissues compared with normal samples.CircVAPA depletion inhibited proliferation,migration,and invasion and increased apoptosis of GC cells.The expression of circVAPA,STAT3,and STAT3 downstream genes was elevated in DDP resistant SGC7901/DDP cell lines.CircVAPA knockdown attenuated the DDP resistance of GC cells.Mechanically,circVAPA was able to sponge miR-125b-5p,and miR-125b-5p could target STAT3 in the GC cells.MiR-125b-5p inhibitor reversed circVAPA depletion-enhanced inhibitory effect of DDP on GC cells,and STAT3 knockdown blocked circVAPA overexpression-induced proliferation of DDPtreated SGC7901/DDP cells.The depletion of STAT3 and miR-125b-5p inhibitor reversed circVAPA depletion-induced GC cell apoptosis.Functionally,circVAPA contributed to the tumor growth of SGC7901/DDP cells in vivo.CONCLUSION CircVAPA promotes chemotherapy resistance and malignant progression in GC by miR-125b-5p/STAT3 signaling.Our findings present novel insights into the mechanism by which circVAPA regulates chemotherapy resistance of GC cells.CircVAPA and miR-125b-5p may be considered as the potential targets for GC therapy.展开更多
Previous studies have proved that the zirconium(Zr)alloying and grain refining performance of a Mg-Zr master alloy on Mg alloy is closely related to the distribution of Zr particle size,and a Mg-Zr master alloy with m...Previous studies have proved that the zirconium(Zr)alloying and grain refining performance of a Mg-Zr master alloy on Mg alloy is closely related to the distribution of Zr particle size,and a Mg-Zr master alloy with more Zr particles in size range of 1-5μm exhibits a better refining efficiency.In this paper,friction stir processing(FSP)was used to modify the Zr particles size distribution of a commercially available Mg-30 wt.%Zr master alloy,and the subsequent grain refinement ability was studied by trials on a typical Mg-3Nd-0.2Zn-0.6Zr(wt.%,NZ30K)alloy.It is found that plenty of large Zr particles in the as-received Mg-30%Zr master alloy are broken by FSP.Grain refinement tests reveal that the refining efficiency of Mg-30%Zr alloy is significantly improved by FSP,which is attributed to the better distribution of Zr particles.The refinement effect by adding 0.6%FSP-ed Mg-30%Zr is approximately equivalent to that by adding 1.0%as-received Mg-30%Zr.Due to the easy and convenient operation of FSP,this study provides a new method to develop a more efficient Mg-Zr refiner.展开更多
The selective catalytic hydrogenation of naphthalene to high-value tetralin was systematically investigated.A series of Al2O3 catalysts containing different active metals(Co,Mo,Ni,W)were prepared by incipient wetness ...The selective catalytic hydrogenation of naphthalene to high-value tetralin was systematically investigated.A series of Al2O3 catalysts containing different active metals(Co,Mo,Ni,W)were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation.The effects of different active metals forms(oxidation,reduction,sulfuration)and reaction conditions on naphthalene hydrogenation were investigated and the catalysts were characterized by XRD,XPS,BET,NH3-TPD and SEM.Especially,Ni-Mo/Al2O3 was first used in this reactive system.The results show that the oxidative4%Ni O-20%MoO3/Al2O3 is the best catalyst for the preparation of tetralin.The conversion of naphthalene and the selectivity of tetralin can reach 95.62%and 99.75%respectively at 200℃,8 h and 6 MPa.Compared with reduced and sulfureted 4%Ni O-20%MoO3/Al2O3 catalysts,oxidative 4%Ni O-20%MoO3/Al2O3 has a well dispersed and uniform monolayer of the active metals,larger pore volume and size,and larger total acidity.NiO-MoO3/Al2O3 has a synergistic effect between NiO activity and MoO3 selectivity.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Suzhou Basic Research Project (Grant No.SJC2023003)Suzhou City University National Project Pre-research Project (Grant No.2023SGY014)。
文摘We present a stable valley photonic crystal(VPC)unit cell with C_(3v)symmetric quasi-ring-shaped dielectric columns and realize its topological phase transition by breaking mirror symmetry.Based on this unit cell structure,topological edge states(TESs)and topological corner states(TCSs)are realized.We obtain a new type of wave transmission mode based on photonic crystal zipper-like boundaries and apply it to a beam splitter assembled from rectangular photonic crystals(PCs).The constructed beam splitter structure is compact and possesses frequency separation functions.In addition,we construct a box-shaped triangular PC structures with zipper-like boundaries and discover phenomena of TCSs in the corners,comparing its corner states with those formed by other boundaries.Based on this,we explore the regularities of the electric field patterns of TESs and TCSs,explain the connection between the characteristic frequencies and locality of TCSs,which helps better control photons and ensures low power consumption of the system.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22278086)
文摘The Cu-exchanged SSZ-13 with the small-pore chabazite framework is considered as a highly efficient catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH_(3)(NH_(3)-SCR).In order to further improve the catalytic property,a series of Mn ion-assisted Cu/SSZ-13 powder catalysts were prepared by co-exchange method and stepwise exchange method.It is found that the NH_(3)-SCR activity,N_(2) selectivity,hydrothermal stability and sulfur resistance of Cu/SSZ-13 are promoted by introducing a minority of Mn(0.15%to 0.23%(mass))through co-exchange method.Characterization results reveal that the Cu,Mn co-exchange enables the higher amounts of Cu^(2+)active sites,the abundant medium strong and strong acid,the optimized ratio of Lewis acid to Brønsted acid etc.,which are required for a good NH_(3)-SCR catalytic property over broad temperature range and under harsh working environment.Moreover,a monolithic catalyst was prepared by impregnating a cordierite ceramic support into the coating slurry containing the optimized CuMn/SSZ-13 powder.The diesel engine bench tests show that Cu,Mn co-exchange gives the monolith catalyst a better catalytic property than commercial catalysts.This work provides an important guidance for the rational design of secondary-ion-assisted zeolites applied in NH_(3)-SCR.
基金the financial supports of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22109045,21875065)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(2021M701191).
文摘Aqueous zinc-ion capacitors (ZICs) are considered as potential candidates for next generation electrochemical energy storage devices due to their high safety and low cost.However,the existing aqueous ZICs usually have the problems of zinc dendrite growth and unsatisfactory performance at low temperature.Herein,an erythritol (Eryt) additive with inhibition of zinc dendrites and anti-freezing capability was introduced into the ZnSO4electrolyte.The experimental characterization and theoretical calculation confirm that the Eryt adsorbed on the surface of zinc anodes regulates the deposition orientation of Zn^(2+) and inhibits the formation of dendrites.It also reconstructs the solvation structure in the electrolyte to reduce water activity,enabling the electrolyte to have a lower freezing point for operation at low temperature.With the assistance of Eryt,the Zn||Zn symmetric cell exhibits a long cycle life of 2000 h,while the ZIC assembled with activated carbon (AC) cathode and zinc anode (Zn||AC) maintains a capacity retention of 98.2% after 30,000 cycles at a current density of 10 A g^(-1)(even after 10,000 cycles at-20°C,the capacity retention rate reached 94.8%.).This work provides a highly scalable,low-cost and effective strategy for the protection of the anodes of low-temperature aqueous ZICs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant Nos.U2038104 and 11703014)the Bureau of International Cooperation,Chinese Academy of Sciences(GJHZ1864)。
文摘We study the structural and dynamical properties of A209 based on Chandra and XMM-Newton observations.We obtain detailed temperature,pressure,and entropy maps with the contour binning method,and find a hot region in the NW direction.The X-ray brightness residual map and corresponding temperature profiles reveal a possible shock front in the NW direction and a cold front feature in the SE direction.Combined with the galaxy luminosity density map we propose a weak merger scenario.A young sub-cluster passing from the SE to NW direction could explain the optical subpeak,the intracluster medium temperature map,the X-ray surface brightness excess,and the X-ray peak offset together.
基金Supported by The Medical Scientific Research Project of the Jiangsu Health Commission,China,No.M2020055The Nanjing Medical Science and Technology Development Project,China,No.YKK22130The Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province,China,No.KYCX23_2105.
文摘BACKGROUND According to current statistics,renal cancer accounts for 3%of all cancers world-wide.Renal cell carcinoma(RCC)is the most common solid lesion in the kidney and accounts for approximately 90%of all renal malignancies.Increasing evi-dence has shown an association between immune infiltration in RCC and clinical outcomes.To discover possible targets for the immune system,we investigated the link between tumor-infiltrating immune cells(TIICs)and the prognosis of RCC.AIM To investigate the effects of 22 TIICs on the prognosis of RCC patients and iden-tify potential therapeutic targets for RCC immunotherapy.METHODS The CIBERSORT algorithm partitioned the 22 TIICs from the Cancer Genome Atlas cohort into proportions.Cox regression analysis was employed to evaluate the impact of 22 TIICs on the probability of developing RCC.A predictive model for immunological risk was developed by analyzing the statistical relationship between the subpopulations of TIICs and survival outcomes.Furthermore,multi-variate Cox regression analysis was used to investigate independent factors for the prognostic prediction of RCC.A value of P<0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.RESULTS Compared to normal tissues,RCC tissues exhibited a distinct infiltration of im-mune cells.An immune risk score model was established and univariate Cox regression analysis revealed a significant association between four immune cell types and the survival risk connected to RCC.High-risk individuals were correlated to poorer outcomes according to the Kaplan-Meier survival curve(P=1E-05).The immunological risk score model was demonstrated to be a dependable predictor of survival risk(area under the curve=0.747)via the receiver operating characteristic curve.According to multivariate Cox regression analysis,the immune risk score model independently predicted RCC patients'prognosis(hazard ratio=1.550,95%CI:1.342–1.791;P<0.001).Finally,we established a nomogram that accurately and comprehensively forecast the survival of patients with RCC.CONCLUSION TIICs play various roles in RCC prognosis.The immunological risk score is an independent predictor of poor survival in kidney cancer cases.
基金supported by the earmarked fund for CARS (CARS-34)National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD1300804)the Key R&D Project of Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2023YFSY0012)。
文摘Physical dormancy(PY) commonly present in the seeds of higher plants is believed to be responsible for the germination failure by impermeable seed coat in hard seeds of legume species, instead of physiological dormancy(PD). In this study, a non-destructive approach involving multispectral imaging was used to successfully identify hard seeds from non-hard seeds in Medicago sativa, with accuracy as high as96.8%–99.0%. We further adopted multiple-omics strategies to investigate the differences of physiology,metabolomics, methylomics, and transcriptomics in alfalfa hard seeds, with non-hard seeds as control.The hard seeds showed dramatically increased antioxidants and 125 metabolites of significant differences in non-targeted metabolomics analysis, which are enriched in the biosynthesis pathways of flavonoids, lipids and hormones, especially with significantly higher ABA, a hormone known to induce dormancy. In our transcriptomics results, the enrichment pathway of “response to abscisic acid” of differential expressed genes(DEG) supported the key role of ABA in metabolomics results. The methylome analysis identified 54,899, 46,216 and 54,452 differential methylation regions for contexts of CpG, CHG and CHH, and 344 DEGs might be regulated by hypermethylation and hypomethylation of promoter and exon regions, including four ABA-and JA-responsive genes. Among 8% hard seeds in seed lots,24.5% still did not germinate after scarifying seed coat, and were named as non-PY hard seeds.Compared to hard seeds, significantly higher contents of ABA/IAA and ABA/JA were identified in nonPY hard seeds, which indicated the potential presence of PD. In summary, the significantly changed metabolites, gene expressions, and methylations all suggested involvement of ABA responses in hard seeds, and germination failure of alfalfa hard seeds was caused by combinational dormancy(PY + PD),rather than PY alone.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.51975165)。
文摘Green sand is a mixture of silica sand,bentonite,water and coal powder,and other additives.Moisture content is an important index to characterize the properties of green sand.Based on the dielectric characteristics of green sand and transmission line theory,a method for rapidly measuring the moisture content of green sand by means of a low frequency multiprobe detector was proposed.A system was constructed,where six detectors with different arrangements and probes were designed.The experimental results showed that the voltage difference of transmission line increases with the increasing frequency before 29 MHz while decreases after 35 MHz.A voltage difference platform occurs in the range of 29-35 MHz,which is suitable for measuring the moisture content due to its insensitivity to frequency.The electric field intensity gradually decreases with the increase of the probe depth,and the intensity of central probe is always greater than that of the edge probe.When the distance of the probe away from the sand sample surface is 80 mm,the electric field intensity of the edge probe is found to be very weak.The optimal excitation frequency for measuring the moisture content of green sand is 29-33 MHz.The optimal detector is the one with one center probe and three edge probes,and their lengths are 80 mm and 60 mm,respectively.The distance between the center and edge probes is 25 mm,and the diameter of probes is 5 mm.Taking the voltage difference of transmission line,bentonite content,coal powder content and compactability as parameters of the input layer,and the moisture content as a parameter of the output layer,a three-layer BP artificial neural network model for predicting the moisture content of green sand was constructed according to the experimental results at 33 MHz.The prediction error of the model is not higher than 3.3% when the moisture content of green sand is within the range of 3wt.%-7wt.%.
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation,China(Grant No.6202022)National Natural Science Foundation of China,China(Grant No.31971708)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFD1001002)。
文摘Terpenoids are the main components contributing to the fragrance of Lilium‘Siberia’,and LiTPS2 plays a critical role in the biosynthesis of monoterpenoids.Although the major terpene synthases in Lilium‘Siberia’have been identified,how these TPS genes are transcriptionally regulated remains elusive in this distinguished flower.This study aimed to identify transcription factors that regulate the terpene synthesis in Lilium,and disclose the related underlying transcriptional regulation mechanism.In this study,we identified three R2R3-MYB TFs—LiMYB1,LiMYB305 and LiMYB330,which were involved in regulating the biosynthesis of terpenes in Lilium‘Siberia’.Quantitative real-time PCR showed spatial and temporal expression patterns consistent with the emission patterns of terpene compounds.When LiMYB1,LiMYB305 and LiMYB330were overexpressed in flowers,the release of some main monoterpenes,such as linalool and ocimene,as well as the expression of TPS genes,especially for LiTPS2,were enhanced.A virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS)assay showed that silencing these three LiMYBs decreased the level of monoterpenes by down-regulating the expression of the TPS genes.The yeast one-hybrid and transient expression assays indicated that all three LiMYBs could bind to and activate the promoter of LiTPS2.Moreover,the yeast two-hybrid assay verified that LiMYB1 could interact with LiMYB308 and LiMYB330,indicating their synergistic roles in the regulation of floral terpene biosynthesis.In general,these results indicated that LiMYB1,LiMYB305,and LiMYB330 might play essential roles in terpene biosynthesis in Lilium and would provide a new perspective for the transcriptional regulation of volatile terpenes in flowers.
基金financed by the project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078266,21908180,22178289,22278338)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(2020ZDLGY11-02,2021GY-136)the Special Fund for High-level Scholars of China(XJ21B10)。
文摘The low temperature coal tar(CT)is taken as the raw material,and the extraction and column chromatography are used for detailed and accurate characterization in this paper.The n-heptane soluble fraction(CT-HS)and insoluble fraction(CT-HI)were obtained by n-heptane Soxhlet extraction.The extraction rate of CT-HS reached 92.79%(mass),which indicated that there are few heavy compounds in it.Further,different solvents(methylbenzene,benzene,ethyl acetate,methylbenzene-ethanol)were used to elute CT-HS by chromatographic column to obtain five fractions(saturates,aromatics,heteroatoms,phenolics and resins,named CT-SA,CT-AR,CT-HE,CT-PH,CT-RE,respectively).The yields of CTSA,CT-AR,CT-HE,CT-PH,CT-RE are 42.12%,10.43%,2.19%,9.50%and 6.63%(mass),respectively.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of eluting components show that alkanes are the main components in CT,followed by polycyclic aromatics,and the corresponding fractions are CT-SA and CT-AR,respectively.The relative content of aliphatics in CT-SA is 76.93%,and the relative content of aromatics in CT-AR is 75.05%.This separation technology effectively separates and enriches different components in CT,and the activation energy required for the pyrolysis process of a single eluting fraction is lower than that of CT,which is expected to provide an important reference for the separation,analysis and conversion of complex oil products such as coal-oil co-processing products,coal tar and other complex heavy carbon oil products.
基金jointly supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China [grant numbers 2020YFA0608901 and 2019YFC1510004]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 42005020]+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu[grant number BK20190781]the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province [grant number KYCX21_0964]
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51775334,51821001 and 51701124)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFB0701205)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2020M671360)Natural Science Foundation for Young of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20190863)Jiangsu“Mass Innovation and Entrepreneurship”Talent Program(Shuang Chuang Ph.Ds,2018)Open Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites(Grant No.sklmmc-kf18-08).
文摘During the past decades,with the increasing demands in lightweight structural materials,Mg alloys with low density and high performance have been extensively investigated and partly applied in some industries.Especially when rare earth(RE)elements are added as major alloying elements to Mg alloys,the alloy strength and creep resistance are greatly improved,which have promoted several series of Mg-RE alloys.This paper reviews the progress and developments of high-performance Mg-RE alloys in recent years with emphasis on cast alloys.The main contents include the alloy design,melt purification,grain refinement,castability,novel liquid casting and semisolid forming approaches,and the industrial applications or trials made of Mg-RE alloys.The review will provide insights for future developments of new alloys,techniques and applications of Mg alloys.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,No.2019-MS-385.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is a prevalent malignancy,leading to a high incidence of cancer-associated death.Cisplatin(DDP)-based chemotherapy is the principal therapy for clinical GC treatment,but DDP resistance is a severe clinical challenge and the mechanism remains poorly understood.Circular RNAs(circRNAs)have been identified to play crucial roles in modulating the chemoresistance of gastric cancer cells.AIM To explore the effect of circVAPA on chemotherapy resistance during GC progression.METHODS The effect of circVAPA on GC progression and chemotherapy resistance was analyzed by MTT assay,colony formation assay,Transwell assay,wound healing assay,and flow cytometry analysis in GC cells and DDP resistant GC cell lines,and tumorigenicity analysis in nude mice in vivo.The mechanism was investigated by luciferase reporter assay,quantitative real-time PCR,and Western blot analysis.RESULTS CircVAPA expression was up-regulated in clinical GC tissues compared with normal samples.CircVAPA depletion inhibited proliferation,migration,and invasion and increased apoptosis of GC cells.The expression of circVAPA,STAT3,and STAT3 downstream genes was elevated in DDP resistant SGC7901/DDP cell lines.CircVAPA knockdown attenuated the DDP resistance of GC cells.Mechanically,circVAPA was able to sponge miR-125b-5p,and miR-125b-5p could target STAT3 in the GC cells.MiR-125b-5p inhibitor reversed circVAPA depletion-enhanced inhibitory effect of DDP on GC cells,and STAT3 knockdown blocked circVAPA overexpression-induced proliferation of DDPtreated SGC7901/DDP cells.The depletion of STAT3 and miR-125b-5p inhibitor reversed circVAPA depletion-induced GC cell apoptosis.Functionally,circVAPA contributed to the tumor growth of SGC7901/DDP cells in vivo.CONCLUSION CircVAPA promotes chemotherapy resistance and malignant progression in GC by miR-125b-5p/STAT3 signaling.Our findings present novel insights into the mechanism by which circVAPA regulates chemotherapy resistance of GC cells.CircVAPA and miR-125b-5p may be considered as the potential targets for GC therapy.
基金This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51401125,No.51201103)SJTU Special Funds for Science and Technology Innovation(No.13X100030018).
文摘Previous studies have proved that the zirconium(Zr)alloying and grain refining performance of a Mg-Zr master alloy on Mg alloy is closely related to the distribution of Zr particle size,and a Mg-Zr master alloy with more Zr particles in size range of 1-5μm exhibits a better refining efficiency.In this paper,friction stir processing(FSP)was used to modify the Zr particles size distribution of a commercially available Mg-30 wt.%Zr master alloy,and the subsequent grain refinement ability was studied by trials on a typical Mg-3Nd-0.2Zn-0.6Zr(wt.%,NZ30K)alloy.It is found that plenty of large Zr particles in the as-received Mg-30%Zr master alloy are broken by FSP.Grain refinement tests reveal that the refining efficiency of Mg-30%Zr alloy is significantly improved by FSP,which is attributed to the better distribution of Zr particles.The refinement effect by adding 0.6%FSP-ed Mg-30%Zr is approximately equivalent to that by adding 1.0%as-received Mg-30%Zr.Due to the easy and convenient operation of FSP,this study provides a new method to develop a more efficient Mg-Zr refiner.
基金supported by the Joint Funds of National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFB0604603)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21536009,21776229)+2 种基金Science and Technology Plan Projects of Shaanxi Province(2017ZDCXL-GY-10-03,2018ZDXMGY-167)The Young Science and Technology Star Project of Shaanxi Province(2017KJXX-62)Science and Technology Program of Yulin(2018-2-22)。
文摘The selective catalytic hydrogenation of naphthalene to high-value tetralin was systematically investigated.A series of Al2O3 catalysts containing different active metals(Co,Mo,Ni,W)were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation.The effects of different active metals forms(oxidation,reduction,sulfuration)and reaction conditions on naphthalene hydrogenation were investigated and the catalysts were characterized by XRD,XPS,BET,NH3-TPD and SEM.Especially,Ni-Mo/Al2O3 was first used in this reactive system.The results show that the oxidative4%Ni O-20%MoO3/Al2O3 is the best catalyst for the preparation of tetralin.The conversion of naphthalene and the selectivity of tetralin can reach 95.62%and 99.75%respectively at 200℃,8 h and 6 MPa.Compared with reduced and sulfureted 4%Ni O-20%MoO3/Al2O3 catalysts,oxidative 4%Ni O-20%MoO3/Al2O3 has a well dispersed and uniform monolayer of the active metals,larger pore volume and size,and larger total acidity.NiO-MoO3/Al2O3 has a synergistic effect between NiO activity and MoO3 selectivity.
